1.0 Risers from Seabed to Surface.
The riser is a pipe which usually connects the top side down to the sea floor. The riser help to lift drilling fluid coupled with cuttings from bottom hole to the surface. In order to provide enough space for drill pipe , logging measurement devices and some multi casing the 53.3 cm diameter is recommended .
Types of Risers
There are a number of types of risers namely:
• attached risers
• pull tube risers
• steel catenary risers
• top-tensioned risers
• riser towers and
• Flexible riser configurations
1 .1 Flexible riser configurations. This type of riser is able to withstand both vertical and horizontal movement, because of this capability, this type of riser has selected as ideal for use with floating facilities. The flexible riser is nothing but flexible pipe
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They provide significant advantages over currently used flexible risers, with increasing water depth and riser diameter in terms of weight, induced environment loading and cost. However, to ensure the long-term integrity of these risers, it is essential to carry out. Because of the different ranges of conditions imposed degrees of tension, bending and fatigue loading. Thus the integrity of the riser has determined by the output of girth welds to these complex loading conditions. Based on catenary equation has helped to the development to the bridge in the world , steel catenary risers use the same concepts , as well. Used to communicate from the sea bed to surface facilities located at topside and also it is used to allow communication between two floating production platforms, steel catenary risers are most used on TLPs, FPSOs and spars and also in some fixed structures, compliant towers and gravity structures. Even though the curved c riser is able to resisted motion, however , excessive motion might lead to serious
71,300 tons of structural steel, 931,000 tons of concrete 42,000 miles of cable wire weighting 11,840 tons, 4,851,700 steel rivets and 1,016,600 steel bolts were all used in the building of the Mackinac Bridge. 1,024,500 tons in total weight is what all this ends up weighting to (Mackinac Bridge 3) (Mackinac Bridge 8). The Main Mackinac Bridge towers reach 554 ft above water and 210 ft beneath the surface to bedrock (Mackinac Bridge 8). To contain temperature changes, high winds and changes of weight on the Mackinac bridge, the deck can move left or right as much as 35 ft at center span. (Mackinac Bridge 9). The total Building time of the bridge was 48 months/ 4
David Winkler/ASC to provide which floor skybridges will be connected at and height required to move equipment underneath safely.
If you ask any Canadian what they were doing on september 28 1972, there it a good chance they will say watching the Canadians and soviets battling it out for the title of the summit series. It was one of the largest rivalry games in Canadian history. Kids in school watched the games during class, People across the nation sat on the edge of their seats for the month of september and were thrilled when Canada pulled off the victory. All of the hype leading up to the event made people wonder if the summit series was the biggest event in Canadian sports history or even Canadian history in general.There is no doubt that the summit series was a huge milestone for Canada and brought the nation together for an exciting ride, even to this day we still see the effects of this great event, it sculpted the game of hockey that we know and love today.
When I found out I qualified to be a candidate for the NJHS, I knew I had to take this chance. This group is made up of people who depict leadership, character, citizenship, academic success, and service and I would love to join. These characteristics wouldn't just be valuable for a candidate to have, but for everyone to have to exceed in life. If I were to be in the National Junior Honor Society, it would give me an opportunity to ameliorate my future and motivate me to do better.
In “The Fish” by Elizabeth Bishop, the narrator attempts to understand the relationship between humans and nature and finds herself concluding that they are intertwined due to humans’ underlying need to take away from nature, whether through the act of poetic imagination or through the exploitation and contamination of nature. Bishop’s view of nature changes from one where it is an unknown, mysterious, and fearful presence that is antagonistic, to one that characterizes nature as being resilient when faced against harm and often victimized by people. Mary Oliver’s poem also titled “The Fish” offers a response to Bishop’s idea that people are harming nature, by providing another reason as to why people are harming nature, which is due to how people are unable to view nature as something that exists and goes beyond the purpose of serving human needs and offers a different interpretation of the relationship between man and nature. Oliver believes that nature serves as subsidence for humans, both physically and spiritually. Unlike Bishop who finds peace through understanding her role in nature’s plight and acceptance at the merging between the natural and human worlds, Oliver finds that through the literal act of consuming nature can she obtain a form of empowerment that allows her to become one with nature.
Over a long period of time, an individual’s social status has always had a great impact on relationships between others. Relationships such as friendship, romance and even family relationships are greatly influenced by one’s social status. When people value social status to the utmost importance, it often acts as a barrier to further solidify relations with others. “Wuthering Heights” is a classic novel written by Emily Bronte which illustrates how social status gets in the way of relationships. This story (set in eighteen hundreds) displays the true nature of the people at that time because they excessive had pride. Since they had excessive pride, they often judged people based on their social class; hence changing their relationship between each other. In this novel social class was measured by observing an individual’s wealth, appearance and manners. Heathcliff happens to be the male lead character of this story that lacks social class due to his rebellious relationship with Hindley. Afterwards, Hindley degrades Heathcliff’s status this affects his connections with Catherine and Nelly. Since Heathcliff’s status diminishes, Catherine becomes reluctant to continue her affair with Heathcliff. Nelly also becomes wary of Heathcliff because his personality changes after restoring his own status. Thus, it is clearly seen that social class has an impact on the story by altering Heathcliff’s relationship between Hindley, Catherine and Nelly.
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, Of the Upper and Lower Class Some may find it hard to believe, but life as an upper-classman, and as a lower- classman, have a lot in common. Whether it be education, living conditions, or even physical or psychological abuse, both classes have to deal with most of the same problems. Granted lower-class people may not have a problem such as which car they would like to take out for the day, or an upper-class citizen wondering how they are going to survive the next month with what little money they’re making, but nonetheless they share an equal amount of problems as human beings. In the novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, there are plenty of examples that prove this to be correct,
Spirituals: African American spirituals are a key contribution to the creation of the initial genre of jazz. African Americans used spirituals during the earliest turmoil of slavery. These spirituals were used as songs to sing during labor and an initial way of communication for the Underground Railroad. These African American folk sounds mixed with gospel hymns were sun fused with instruments such as the harmonicas, banjos, and other instruments that could primarily be found. This initial form of the music started to separate itself from the gospel rendition. This mixture of different styles of music fused and gave birth to such things as minstrel shows, ragtime, and other forms of music. The most important that spirituals truly helped develop, was Jazz. Spirituals were the first true form of Negro expression in the form of music. Marshall W. Steams, Professor of English Literature at Hunter College states that “The spiritual was created out of nowhere by a sort of spontaneous combustion of Negro’s genius” (125). This mixture of hymns and instrumental instruction took form into one of the most versatile genres known to date, Jazz.
Massive amounts of people find it hard to believe that the “N” word is harmless. Little that they know, it inflicts a great deal of mental damage to the victim. Like when Mrs. Dubose stated to Scout, “Your father’s no better than the niggers and trash he works for!” (Lee 135).
There he stands atop the stairs of the Lincoln Memorial, in the nations’ capital, at a podium, speaking to the world. The crowds faces full of hope. Ears opened wide and clear, for the Dr. is speaking today. He is speaking from the heart and telling the nation that he has a “DREAM.” Dr. King had a dream and as most people think that it is geared towards blacks and whites, it’s not. Dr. King wanted equality between everybody. He wanted freedom from racism and prejudice throughout the nation. He was very good in getting the emotional perspective of persuasion across to his audience. King was a very inspirational man; his words were so true and full of meaning. He spoke to everyone and got everybody involved. This is why people followed him and why I think this is the most persuasive piece we have read. He not only implies his wants but he carries along with him the wants and needs of every man or woman ever treated poorly because of the color of their skin or their beliefs. There is a certain unexplainable meaning and feeling when a man like King steps up in front of the world and says, “I have a Dream.”
The theme death has always played a crucial role in literature. Death surrounds us and our everyday life, something that we must adapt and accept. Whether it's on television or newspaper, you'll probably hear about the death of an individual or even a group. Most people have their own ideas and attitude towards it, but many consider this to be a tragic event due to many reasons. For those who suffered greatly from despair, living their life miserably and hopelessly, it could actually be a relief to them. Death affects not only you, but also those around you, while some people may stay unaffected depending on how they perceive it.
One day a girl named Clara Grossman witnessed her life broken into shambles. She possessed the freedom she wished for, but it was seized out of her hands by Adolf Hitler. She witnessed her own journey first through a ghetto and then the most notorious death camp, Auschwitz. Horrifying scenes and exhausting work left her as a mess. If you were thrown into Clara’s shoes, how would you respond? In 1940, ten years after the Nazis gained authority of Hungary; Hungary established anti-Jewish laws. But four years later, Germany decided to invade Hungary to deplete the last remaining Jewish population in Europe, the Hungarian Jews. At the same time, Auschwitz was becoming an infamous camp where death was a common occurrence. 1.1 million Jews in total were efficiently killed during the Holocaust at Auschwitz. Soon, you will learn the preparations made by Germans to commit genocide and a Hungarian Jew’s experience of the Holocaust.
Mark Bielawski 1/17/17 P.3 Zeller Synthesis The Sun Also Rises Essential Question: If The Sun Also Rises serves as a fictional account of Hemingway’s feelings about the first world war, then why did he and his circle of expatriates feel unwilling or unable to return? In his book, The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway made the claim, “Never think that war, no matter how necessary, nor how justified, is not a crime.
against the water and to move the hull higher. The force of the water against
...sign and Construction Challeneges of Sub-sea Directional Drilled Crossings on the Palm Jumeirah, Dubai. Tunneling and Undergroud Space technology. [cited 2009 December 4]