Protection Motivation Theory

explanation risk factors, disease symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This intervention likely to understand the participants about the disease, and disease prevention by doing physical activity, dietary guidelines, maintaining healthy weight and exercise. Dietary guidelines are mailing to participants understand post interventions question. Post intervention assessment is done by Cambridge Diabetes Center to assess the level of knowledge and standard lifestyle within 15 days. Follow-up assessment is done for participants to take feedback of physical activity.

The protection Motivation Theory denotes severity and vulnerability of the disease (Roger’s 1983). Using protection motivation theory of intervention help to protect from

the danger. Norman et.al (2005) explains self-efficacy and protection motivation. PMT build health belief model to reduce the vulnerability of the disease. Intended to change the behavior such as smoking, alcohol consumption, nutrition and exercise. In this intervention self-efficacy is the strongest predictor for physical activity(PA). Milne et.al, 2000 was predicting on the behavior, and variance could be explained. After several studies PMT is tested among adult population and university students among cardiac disease and T2DM, self-efficacy gets more strength compare to other variables, Plotnicoff Higginbotham (1998). In addition, examination on diabetes PMT predicted on aerobic that is 43 and 19% PA intention and behavior and 56 and 20% variance in resistance training, Canadian, Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee, 2008.
According to the literature review Social cognitive theory (SCT) make easier PA living with diabetes, Clark and Hampson, 2001, additional research is help to guide evidence based on the interventions and understanding the PA attitude and subjective norms are important in the both types of diabetes because patient behavioral control associated with intention and behavior.
Samples and procedures to the Alberta Longitudinal Exercise and diabetes Research Study population assessment to determine PA in adult diabetes.

Participants from Canadian diabetes association Registry (N =1,923; recruitment strategy 1), Participants (N =2,319) were recruited from the Canadian Diabetes Association and through a random digit dialing (RDD) protocol (N =396; recruitment strategy 2) during May 2002, limited to members living in the province of Alberta. With recruitment strategy 1, completed questionnaires were obtained from 1,923 individuals (609 type 1; 1,307 type 2; 7 missing diabetes type). The response rate for this sample could not be determined because the association's membership includes an unknown number of friends, family members, healthcare practitioners, and researchers who do not have diabetes. The second recruitment strategy obtained completed questionnaires from 396 of the 600 individuals who agreed to participate in the study (66%: 88 type 1, 307 type 2, and 1 missing diabetes type). Of this group, 206 (52%) were directly contacted in the RDD protocol, whereas 190 (48%) were referred by family/friends in the RDD protocol. Participant recruitment procedure, sample and study response rates are detailed elsewhere (Plotnikoff et.al 2006). However, this is the first study from the dataset to examine the PMT.

SCT statistical data includes identification data of the family to rule out diabetes and other chronic illness with associated health factors to determine diabetes types, height and weight to calculate body mass index (BMI). These censuses are important find patient daily use of insulin or oral antihyperglycaemic medication and early diagnosis and other risk factors such as cardiovascular disaeses (angina, myocardial infarction), cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, cholesterol level can rule

out.
In conclusion, a few studies have been done on the etiological and interventional approaches for diabetes type 2. Social cognitive theory (SCT), Theory of planned behavior (TPB), Protection Motivation theory (PMT) were explained by doing research on diabetes type 2 by implement physical activity(PA) to reduce obesity in adults and prevent the complications of diabetes type 2. By adopting social cognitive theory people can be improve self-care behavior to prevent diabetes. Theory of planned behavior focused on attitude towards secondary complications by adopting healthy behavior. Protection motivation theory (PMT) to build health belief to reduce the risk of severity and vulnerability. These studies are implemented by doing many practical researches on the patient with T2DM. Many genetic factors are influenced by implementing healthy lifestyle. These factors are more appropriate in behavioral modification for better outcome.