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Positive reinforcement pros and cons
Advantages and disadvantages of positive and negative reinforcement
Advantages and disadvantages of positive and negative reinforcement
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POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT.
Positive reinforcement is a psychological concept that is found in behavior studies. This concept is majorly reward oriented. It involves the rewarding of an individual when they show a certain desired behavior or when they produce the desired results for a task given. The rewarding is an addition of a positive stimulus so that the desired behavior or results can be witnessed more often. The majority of people respond very well to positive stimulus and can go to extra lengths to ensure they get the reward for their behavior or results.
It is important to note that giving rewards so as to encourage the desired behavior or results is not bribing an individual. It is a way of teaching an individual a valuable lesson on
Positive reinforcement is made up of positive communication. This includes positive words that will build them and that they can relate well with. As kids grow, this will help build up their self-esteem because they believe what their parents and elders say. This trust is what will take this positive communication and turn it into positive results and behavior. At the end of the day, the kid will be a wholesome individual and a constructive one in the society.
For grown up, this will make them more effective and efficient in their work. Their confidence in their capabilities and talents will be boosted therefore reflecting on their attitude towards work and their results.
• MOTIVATION.
Motivation is directly linked with positive communication. Constant positive communication will motivate a kid to always target the best results in every task assigned, in their academics and their whole life generally. Motivation is a vital factor for everyone to produce the best they can. Being excited about a particular task will translate to the results produced at the end. This cuts across everyone regardless of age because anyone who is not excited about a task that was given will produce mediocre
They are as discussed below.
TIPS OF HOW TO USE POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT.
• Show emotions when giving the reward: using positive reinforcement is usually on a happy occasion; when something good has been done. It will not kill anyone to show how happy they are with the good behavior shown or the good results. Showing that you are impressed gives motivation to the individual to the same again and again. There is no way you can reward an individual with a stone face void of any emotions if you want the reward to mean anything to them.
• Be specific with praise: when showering the individual with praise after they have shown the desired behavior, you should be specific and exact. Concentrate on that which has been done so that the attention of the individual is drawn to it. When you keep praising them over that behavior, they will know you were really impressed and strive to always improve on
Positive reinforcement works by presenting something positive to the person after a desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to happen in the future (McAdams, 2009). An example of this could be when a child helps their mother with the dishes and the mothers rewards the child with ice cream. Negative reinforcement, is when a behavior is strengthened by stopping, removing or avoiding a negative outcome or aversive stimulus (McAdams, 2009). An example of this could be when the light goes green at a traffic light, the car in front of a person does not move. The person hates when this happens and from experience knows that honking the car’s horn gets cars that are in front of them to go
Positive feedback is all about promoting change in the behavior. I was raised within a household that rely on negative feedback and punishment to promote good behavior. Sometimes I did reward my nephews for positive behaviors but it was not done continuously or in a way that would result in positive behavior change. I come to believe that negative reinforcement was the key to ameliorating bad behaviors until I took notice the positive feedback I was given minimizes the bad attitudes and behaviors of the children. They were getting along well and whenever I praise one the others wanted to get that praise also, I believe that motivate them to behave appropriately. For instance, when one did a good deed I would make all the other clap while saying “well done” or something positive. It was a very long process because children do not change their ways from one day to the next, I couldn’t say I was very patience but see them attempt to better themselves, was what motivate
Reinforcement is the outcome or influence of a behavior that strengthens the probability of the behavior. Regarding the roommate’s behavioral modification program, there will be a positive and negative reinforcement utilized. Negative reinforcement is the removal of a stimulus that strengthens the probability of behavior, and positive reinforcement is the addition of stimuli that also strengthens the probability of behavior. Because the roommate is trying to lose weight with the removal of unhealthy food and addition of healthy food, the positive reinforcement will be unhealthy food, and the negative reinforcement will be the healthy
If a behavior is desirable, consequences called reinforcers are used to encourage the behavior in the future, via the process of reinforcement. Reinforcement can be positive (presenting reinforcing stimulus) or negative (removing a negative stimulus). However, if a behavior is undesired, a negative consequence can be used to discourage the behavior, through the process of either positive or negative punishment. In positive punishment, a negative consequence is presented after the undesired behavior occurs. When negative punishment it used the idea is the same “to discourage future display of undesired behavior,” but instead of presenting a negative stimulus, a desired stimulus is removed following the behavior.
With negative reinforcement, when the students act politely, I would basically take something away from them that they had a negative attitude towards in the first place. If there is a student in the class who has a particularly bad habit of talking back to me and making up his own rules, then by using negative reinforcement, my goal would be to encourage him to behave more politely, like by not talking back. So, if this student displays polite behavior such as following my rules instead of his own on three separate occasions, then he will not have to complete one homework assignment. I believe that this method could be applied to other situations as well, like telling the students that they do not have to complete a homework assignment if they answer questions calmly and by raising their hands on three separate occasions, as mentioned before. When using negative reinforcement, the students will want to have less of something they see as negative, like homework, so they should behave more
Operant conditioning is a process of reinforcing a response that is made by the stimulus and consequence; thus, it shapes an individual's behavior. If a response happens to go along with the stimulus, then this response is reinforced. Therefore, it will increase the chance that response would be reinforced in the future when the same stimulus is presence. Consequence can be broken down into punishment or reinforcement. A punishment would reduce the undesirable action; while reinforcement increases the desirable action. Positive reinforcement involves with a stimulus such as a reward or treats for good behavior. While, negative reinforcement is eliminated the negative stimulus after the desired response is shown. Positive punishment is when a positive stimulus is introduced after an undesirable behavior. Misbehavior children confined in the house would decrease unfavorable behavior.
Positive reinforcement is a method of presenting to children the appropriate behavior from the inappropriate behaviors. This is done by pointing out the correct behavior and giving some form of encouraging reward. The idea is that all behaviors
First of all, I was highly interested in the concept and various factors that together make up positive reinforcement. I had a premise that I could do some experimental work on the three children for whom I baby-sit during the week after school. They leave school full of energy and it is my job to get them to complete a series of tasks before the end of the evening. I imagined that some positive reinforcement might get them on their way to handling their responsibilities in a timelier manner. My first step was to come up with a specific instrumental response that would produce reinforcement. This took no time at all because by far the most painfully difficult thing for me to do is get the children to sit down and do their homework. I then spoke specifically to each child and asked them what they would rather choose as an after school activity. They named video games, television, and going to play with other neighborhood children. I had expected these types of answers from the children and made them into the positive reinforcers that would be contingent on the children’s performance of the instrumental response; namely completing their homework. I explained to the children that if they behaved and finished their homework, then directly following they could spend an hour doing an activity of their choice.
Negative reinforcement should not be alone because doing so can increase the likelihood of the behavior. Negative reinforcement is not
Negative reinforcement is removing something that is not enjoyable as the result of the behavior that is acceptable example is in Skinners box experiment, a loud noise continuously rang until the rat did what Skinner wanted the rat to do (Cervone, Pervin, Cervone, & Professor of Psychology Lawrence A Pervin, 2013). Positive punishment is used to eliminate a certain behavior and is giving something unenjoyable after the behavior. Negative punishment is used to eliminate a behavior and eliminating something you enjoy after the
Levine, A. (1999). What is negative reinforcement? Negative Reinforcement University. Retrieved on November 14, 2003 from http://www.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/proj/nru/index.html
Because motivation is a very strong will power to support students to complete their goal or stay focus to overcome laziness. Next, students can reward themselves after they done something good or finish their schoolwork. The reward don’t have to be big or good, a little thing like pizza or go play game to relax their brain will help them, and make them feel accomplish. The last thing to do is stay active at all time, after done schoolwork, students can go workout or just go outside and run around for thirty minutes will help them clear their brain and make them
The idea behind reinforcement theory is that behavior is influenced by consequences, be they negative or positive consequences. This assignment involved doing a social experiment where I would use reinforcement theory to encourage good behavior when I came across an action that was worthy of compliment. Instead of selecting a simple experiment where the results would have been easy to predict, I decided upon a test subject I had in the past failed to have an impact upon. In other words, I decide I wanted to influence the behavior of my little brother.
I do not believe, however, in using rewards like stickers or stars, A’s or praise. To quote Alphie Kohn, "When rewards stop, people usually return to the way they acted before." I want my students to be intrinsically motivated and giving out rewards inhibits intrinsic motivation. I want my students to know it is okay to make mistakes and take risks in the classroom. I want to encourage my students by telling them specific feedback on an assignment rather than a star and a "good job." I don’t want them to become dependent on my praise. I want them to be successful learners.
This day and time motivation seems to be harder to achieve. The use of homework passes and free time would be used as a form of motivation. Students, young and old, appreciate rewards even if it is only verbal praises. Some form of recognition creates a desire to achieve even more. Notes written by the teacher on returned homework or test papers may give inspiration to a shy student. This is also a way in letting the student know that they are an individual who is capable of achieving great things if they really try.