The purpose of the pharmaceutical lab session, which took place over a period of three-laboratory session, was to formulate compressed paracetamol tablets. First of all, the practical started by weighing out 100g of paracetamol, 200g lactose and 0% starch, using a two decimal place balance. After uniformly mixing the powders together, the powder mix was transferred to a tab density tester. First, weight out 45g of the powder mix. After making sure that measuring cylinder is clean and dry, place the powder inside the cylinder of the tapped density tester, making sure that the cylinder is secured in its holder. Record the apparent volume (V0) of the powder in the cylinder to the nearest ml. After wearing appropriate ear protection and switching …show more content…
A small portion of PVP was added each time; continued adding until a homogeneous mixture was obtained (granules stick together, maintained shape – not too wet and not too dry) The total weight of PVP used was 29.03 ml. A tray was weighed, used to carry the granules. The homogenous mixture is passed through a 1mm sieve; granules are collected on the pre-weighed tray (3 trays in total) Granules were spread evenly. The total weight of the tray and granules was recorded. The granules were then dried in the oven at 70 0C. The dried granules were then passed through a 2mm sieve to get rid of any large granules. Finally, it was passed through a 0.5mm sieve to get rid of any fine particles in the granules. After receiving the batch of compressed paracetamol tablets, the tablets were run through numerous tests to measure the quality of the tablets by observing whether the tablets passed the in-house acceptance limits obtained from the British Pharmacopoeia for each test obtained. The tests that were carried out were: uniformity of content, uniformity of weight, dissolution, and friability test obtained tablets, disintegration and diametric compression …show more content…
Weight out each tablet and then recorded, before it was crushed into fine power by a mortar and a weighing boat. An empty volumetric flask was weighted and recorded; the volumetric flask was weighted and recorded again after the crushed tablet was transferred into flask. Distilled water was then added to the volumetric flask with a stirrer bead. Then, transferred to a magnetic stirrer for 10 minutes on a speed of 3. This was then diluted down by 1/10 as the concentration; this is so that it is still within calibration curve date range and could then be compared against it. 1mL of each of the samples was then withdrawn and then absorbance was
The mixture was poured through a weight filter paper and Sucrose washed with a 5ml of dichloromethane. The resulting solid was left in a breaker to dry for one week, to be measured. Left it in the drawer to dry out for a week and weighted it to find the sucrose amount recovered amount.
The mixture was combined with saturated sodium chloride, and the aqueous layer, containing alcohol, some acid, and water, was discarded. The organic layer was then dried with granular anhydrous sodium sulfate; this drying agent is used to absorb any water in a solution and should thus, result in a colorless solution. The final product was collected; it was mostly clear, though it has a pale yellow tint. Data Table 2 shows the results and calculations that were gathered after the completion of this experiment. No errors had occurred during the course of the experiment, which is testified by the fairly, high yield of
Aspirin was prepared according to the protocol provided on Blackboard. The three sections to this experiment were 1. Synthesis of Aspirin, 2. Recrystallization of Aspirin, and 3. Characterization of Aspirin.
sample using a triple beam balance. Then, fill the small chamber about halfway with water and measure
The first test was to put 5 drops of the distillate into a test tube
6. Drop one tablet in the beaker and time how long it takes to fully dissolve
Acetaminophen is a replacement pain reliever for children, due to aspirin side effects. The redox of acetaminophen is an irreversible, however, this under conditions where the pH is acidic. Acetaminophen is reduced to N-acetyl-4-quinoneimine. Due to acidic conditions, it is rapidly hydrolyzed to N-acetyl-4-quinoneimine hydrate, which cannot be forced back to acetaminophen. In order to overcome this, the analysis is done in a neutral or basic buffer. This prevents N-acetyl-4-quinoneimine from being hydrolyzed and allows it to be oxidized back to acetaminophen1. Acetaminophen under a neutral environment becomes a quasi-reversible system. Since not all of the N-acetyl-4-quinoneimine can be prevented from forming the hydrate, the data will contain errors. The amount of acetaminophen stated on the children’s Tylenol was 160 mg per 5
One tablet (ibuprofen) was crushed using mortar and pestle. It is then put into the flask. The content was stirred using a glass stirring rod.
Using the scopula, take a small amount of the substance and add it to the spot plate. Add deionized water to the section with the substance. Stir to see if the substance dissolves or not. Record your observations.
Sam Surf had suspicions about the illegal knockoffs and inaccurate measurements of the active and inactive ingredients in San Diego drug store purchased Panacetin. The purpose of the experiment was to respond to the message from a drug watchdog agency, the Association for Safe Pharmaceuticals (ASP). The experiment was carried out in order to determine the percentage of aspirin, sucrose, and the unknown component by analyzing the drug preparation of “Panacetin,” and in the final stage, to identify the unknown component as acetanilide or phenacetin through purification. The purification of the unknown product was performed by boiling and allowing recrystallization of the product, then drying it to be further analyzed. The melting point ranges were measured in order to complete the analysis of the unknown product to determine its actual identity as either phenacetin or acetanilide.
In the ancient and medieval time, antipyretic agents were only found in willow bark and in cinchona bark [2]. Willow bark was used as a pain reliever [3]. People were advised to chew on the bark in order to relieve pain and fever [3]. Cinchona bark was used for increasing appetite, however people also used it for common cold and fever [4]. When the cinchona tree started to decrease in the 1880s, people started to look for other alternatives [2]. During the 1880s, antipyretics agents were developed, which were acetanilide and phenacetin [2]. These properties of acetaminophen were discovered by accident [2]. It occurred when the molecule acetanilide was added to a patient’s prescription [2]. By this time, this drug had been synthesized via the reduction of p-nitorphenol [2]. However the drug acetaminophen was still not used medically for another 20 years [2]. In 1893, acetaminophen was found in the urine sample of an individual who had taken phenacetin [2]. This drug was concentrated into an odorless, white, crystalline compound that was found to have a bitter taste [2]. Acetaminophen was discovered to be a metabolite of acetanilide, however the discovery was ignored at that time [2]. It was later on that acetaminophen was found to have pain and fever relieving properties
We will tmeasure and put the right amount of sugar concentration into each cup of water, 40% 30% 20% 10 % and
The pure compound melting point should be in the range of 169-172 ℃. During this lab practical Paracetamol- acetaminophen will be synthesis, purified and recrystallized again. The purpose of the experiment was to learn basic recrystallization techniques that include hot and cold filtration
Analysis of Aspirin Tablets Aim --- To discover the percentage of acetylsalicylic acid in a sample of aspirin tablets. ----------------------------------------------------------------- In order to do this, the amount of moles that react with the sodium hydroxide must be known. This is achieved by using the method of back titration.
borate) and 1.0 g. of sodium hydroxide in 20 mL of warm water. It may