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Behavioral theory
Behavioral psychology essay
Behavioral psychology essay
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The purpose of this research assignment is to reflect and discuss the authors personal experiences about human behavior and link them to theory and research. To examine and provide insight about the changing experiences as a member of a small in-class experimental group; Apply various topics taught in Behaviour In Groups (Psyc 3430) and investigate the various experiential learning opportunities about behavior in-class groups.
The author had experiences about two in-class groups - Group 4, “Jordan’s get it done” and Group 20 “Procrastination”. The demographics of both groups were quite similar as the members were all York University students. Group 4 consisted of members A, B, and C (males aged 21-26) and member D (36 year old female). Group 20 consisted of members A, E, and F (males aged 23-27) and members G and H (females aged 22-25).
I. Group Formation and Structure
Group Development
When new members joined Group 4 the author observed various effects on group development. The addition of group members ‘reset’ the group and/or created a new group that was completely separate and unique from the original. When new members joined, the old relationship about members deteriorated and new relationships emerged. These effects were experienced in Group 4 with the addition of new members - In class #2 member C joined and in class #3 member D joined. Changes in group composition created tension about the older group members, decreased confidence and stressed performance as the author observed by member communication patterns and behaviors. New members joining the group greatly interfered with the completion of in-class assignments as meeting new members and introductions about the groups norms and roles took a time to redevel...
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... expert power of member A was positively correlated with compliance and competence.
Conclusion
With reference to the various studies and experiments, the authors experience about in-class groups was elaborated upon. By linking theory, researching and reading journals about group development, conflict and leadership the author gained an enriched perspective and understanding of his experiences. Taking what was taught in class and at home the author experienced ‘real-time’ experiential learning about behavior in-class groups. The limitation about the authors in-class experiences is about the short length time of experiential learning opportunities. Approximately only three months in duration, members only met in-class once a week and communicated out-of-class occasionally by email. A longer duration is preferred to obtain more accurate and astute observations.
The author of the essay, Carol Tavris, seems to be very passionate about what she is writing. She has her doctorate in Psychology and has had her articles published in many well-known magazines. The intended audience of her essay is the general public. The purpose of this article is to inform the public that they need to stand out and use their own minds in a group setting instead of hiding in the comfort of their fellow friends and colleagues.
Topics explored with this group included; conversational skills, internet safety, bullying, conflict resolution, social media, and personal appearance. Accordingly, I was able to gain insight on how to plan activities tailored to the needs of the group as well as obtain tips on conducting groups effectively. Additionally, I was able to get a sense of the group dynamics, attain knowledge on the stages of a group through observing all the individuals belonging to the group, their uniqueness and how their personality impacted the group itself. Individuals were able to join the group at different stages hence; the forming stage was repeated each time a new member was recruited. This also provided me with the opportunity of gaining first-hand experience of the interaction on the basic dynamics on group stages of forming, norming, storming and
After watching the Pixar film “Inside Out”, it is easy to see how this film relates to small group communication. This film focuses on a twelve year old girl name Riley and how the emotions in her brain work throughout everyday experiences. The emotions Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust work inside headquarters of Riley’s brain, that is until Joy and Sadness accidentally wind up far from headquarters into long-term memory. I will be analyzing this film using concepts from the textbook such as group communication, group development, group membership, and diversity in groups.
Gilovich, T., & Gilovich, T. (2013). Chapter 12/ Groups. In Social psychology. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
One model for understanding group development is the five-stage group development model which states that groups go through five stages of forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning (Gibson, el at., 2009). In addition, the model suggests that groups can be in several stages at one time and do not have to move through the stages linearly (Gibson, el at., 2009). While this model has been widely used by individuals, in the study of group dynamics, there is no imperial evidence that this model accurately describes group development (Tuckman & Jensen, 2010). In addition, there is some concern that the model is to static and unrealistic in its explanation of group formation (Gibson, el at., 2009). Another model for group development is the punctuated equilibrium model that suggests that there are only three phases (Gibson, el a...
According to Toseland and Rivas (2005), group dynamics are “the forces that result from the interactions of group members” (p. 64). These forces refer to either the negative or positive influences towards meeting members’ socioemotional needs as well as goal attainment within a group (Toseland & Rivas, 2005), like within my class work group experience. Some of dynamics that continue to emerge and develop in my group is the effective interaction patterns and strong group cohesion, which has generated positive outcomes and group achievement thus far.
pp. 309-329, 371-393, 241-259. Engleberg, I., Wynn, D., & Schuttler, R., (2003). Working in Groups: Communication Principles and Strategies (3rd ed.) Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.
Research has uncovered that people who procrastinate, when it comes to higher education, may actually be able to have a successful college career. Eun Hee Seo, from the Seoul Women’s University, performed a study involving 172 college students that focused on the differences in academic achievement between the two different types of procrastinators, active and passive, their cramming and study methods, and which of the two subjects received higher marks on examinations (Seo, 2009). Sheila Brownlow and Renee Reasinger, from Catawba College in Salisbury, North Carolina, evaluate 96 undergraduate students and how procrastination can actually be a form of motivation (Brownlow, Reasinger,
...rs tend to overestimate the degree of unpleasantness of a task” (Lay, 46). Procrastination is a problem that when left unchecked can cause serious problems in every aspect of a person’s life. The solution for students can be as easy as sticking to a goal or as hard as denying themselves a prize when they missed the deadline on a project. The type of solution a person uses depends on what works best for that student, but a schedule to help stay goal positioned never hurt.
Groups of people which more than 2 peoples who work interdependently toward some purpose defined as organizations. Then, organizational behaviour defined the study of what people think, feel and do in and around organizations. Organizational Behavior is field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior within organization. It is the knowledge about how people act within organizations. It applies broadly to the behavior of people in all types of organizations, such as schools, business, government, and services organizations. Organizational behaviour is for everyone in every level, and employees are expected to manage themselves and work effectively with others in workplace.
TUCKMAN, B. 1965. Developmental Sequences in Small Groups. Psychological Bulletin 63, p 384 – 99. cited in DOEL, M. and SAWDON, C. (2001). The Essential Group Worker: Teaching and Learning Creative Group Work. London: J Kingsley.
The experiments findings were presented as a published study originally titled “At last, My Research Article on Procrastination”. The scale was used in at least three different experiments measuring aspects of procrastination rates specific to college students. It was published in the December 1986 edition of the Journal of Research in Personality. “Procrastination was positively related to measures of disorganization and independent of need-achievement, energy level, and self-esteem” (Lay,
Working in groups is challenging at times. Other times it is very rewarding. We are so focused on life that we do not take time to reflect on things as much as we should. Being in a Groups class has opened my eyes to a whole new world. I have begun to question, explore, and even understand how things work. I even get how they work sometimes. Not only is there a process involved in making individual decisions, process is involved in group decisions as well. This paper attempts give insight into my reflection of my group decision process.
One of the main courses of this semester was to learn various organizational behaviors that are conducted in real business environment. By learning this course, we could understand our future colleagues and ourselves better. Throughout the semester, every week Ashley Hughes gave us an interesting lecture about different topics of oranisational behaviors. Along with the weekly lectures we also had a group presentation that gave us the opportunity to apply the lessons and techniques learnt in our professional and personal lives.During the course of this semester, Organizational Behavior has highlighted numerous topics, which concentrated on investigating the impact that individuals, groups and structures have on behavior within an organization and how their behaviour affect the performance of the organizations for the purpose of applying such technique towards improving an individual’s or an organization's working effectiveness (Jontymagicman, 2012). In this reflection paper, I will discuss the essential areas of organizational behavior: the influence of motivation, managing change and individual learning at an organization.
Several experiments and researches have been conducted that have focused on how people behave in groups. The findings have revealed that groups affect peoples’ attitudes, behavior and perceptions. Groups are essential for personal life, as well as in work life.