Osteoporosis, defined as a gradual, progressive condition that weakens and decreases the density of the long bones (Christondolou & Cooper, 2003). The long term affects of osteoporosis are most often found in the elderly (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). However, the disease actually slowly progresses beginning in mid-life (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). Because bones afflicted with osteoporosis are thin, weak and brittle, there is a significant increase in the chance and occurrence of fractures (Christondolou & Cooper, 2003). Osteoporosis is often referred to as the “silent disease”, in which case many people only become aware that they have the disease after they break or fracture a bone (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). Approximately two million …show more content…
Bones are typically a healthy combination of calcium, collagen and protein, all of these elements help to make our bones dense and strong (Christondolou & Cooper, 2003). Our bones are at their peak production in the late teens, early twenties (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). By approximately the age of 30, our bones will reach their peak bone mass production point or what is also known as “PBM” (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). After this point our bones begin to lose bone density and slow down in the production of bone tissue (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). With the onset of osteoporosis, the renewal of new bone tissue is abnormally slow and unable to effectively match the bodies natural process of removing old bone (Christondolou & Cooper, 2003). Both men and women of all ethnic races and backgrounds are affected by Osteoporosis (Siris, Bilezikian, et al, 2014) There are an estimated ten million people in the United States living with osteoporosis, and approximately eighty percent of those statistics are women (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). Asian and Caucasian women, especially post menopausal older women are the highest risk factor associated with osteoporosis. (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). It is thought by some experts that the reason for the high percentage of women afflicted, is that women tend to …show more content…
A few examples are; small framed and thin women, heredity, and ethnicity are all contributing factors (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). Additionally there are also some ailments and conditions that could increase the risk of developing osteoporosis (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). To name a few; Type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. (Siris, Bilezikian, et al., 2014). Diets low in calcium and vitamin D, along with smoking and a sedentary life style also imposes a greater risk for developing osteoporosis (Kanis, Melton, et al., 1994). Additionally, excess alcohol drinking is linked to bone density loss and an increase in risk of bone fractures (Christondolou & Cooper, 2003). Corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat asthma and other conditions, are yet another way to increase your risk of bone loss (Christondolou & Cooper, 2003). Eating disorders such as; anorexia nervosa and bulimia can also adversely affect your bone health (Christondolou & Cooper,
There are many different diseases that can affect our skeletal system and Osteoporosis is one of them. Osteoporosis lessens bone strength and bone density (amount of bone mineral in bone tissue), which will lead to fragile bones. It mainly affect the hips, ribs, spine, and wrists. Male or female, at any age, can get this but it is mostly occurs in older women (Team, 2016). Osteoporosis is very common, there are more than 3 million cases a year. There are many causes/risk factors, symptoms, and some treatment cases. About 54 million Americans have Osteoporosis and low bone mass (Foundation, 2016).
Bone contains an inorganic component composed of mineral salts, primarily calcium and potassium, and an organic component made of collagen, a complex protein that is found in various forms in bone and other connective tissues. According to Wolff’s Law, bone is capable of adjusting its strength in proportion to the amount of stress placed on it. When young, healthy people participate in exercise programs for extended periods of time, their bones can become more dense through increased deposition of mineral salts and the number of collagen fibers. On the other hand, if bones are not subjected to mechanical stresses, as in individuals with sedentary lifestyle or
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a disease that is commonly referred to as brittle bone disease. Children with OI tend to have more fragile bones than children who are not affected and are very susceptible to bone fractures. With the correct support and proper management, the patient and their family can live relatively normal and happy lives.
The problem statement, “What it means to live with osteoporosis related vertebral fracture and How HRQOL and daily life are affected several years after vertebral fracture. How women cope with this disparity.” (Halberg et al, 2010), is i...
By definition, "osteoporosis, or porous bone, is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures of the hip, spine, and wrist" (National Institute of Health- Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases, 2012). Both Berarducci (2008) and Hansberger’s (2005) article note that osteoporosis is the most common disease of all bone disorders, affecting both men and women. The incidence of the disease is growing in the United States with almost 44 million affected Americans and an estimate incidence rate of 10 to 14 million by 2020. Deemed a "silent" epidemic, there is a low level of diagnosis, and even lower level of treatment. Walker (2010) supports Hansberger (2005) that the disease causes pain, depression, anxiety, loss of mobility, and ultimately fractures. It is crucial that Advanced Practice Nurses/Nurse Practitioners have a solid understanding of the disease and are able to identify risk factors, order the proper diagnostic testing, and treat their patients.
Osteoporosis is a condition, in which bones are weak from deterioration, loss of bone mass, and quality-bone strength. Osteoporosis usually triggers postmenopausal women (women who have not had their period for a whole year), or older men and women. Some risks both older men and women endure when experiencing Osteoporosis are decrease of calcium and bone fractures. These symptoms or effects can all be caused by weight loss, smoking, age, ethnicity, genetics, medications, bone structure, and certain diseases that can later on contribute to Osteoporosis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoporosis may be prevented by going to drug therapy to stop alcoholism and smoking, a sufficient amount of calcium intake, and exercising; such as jogging, walking,
Osteoporosis is associated with repeated fractures, tender bones, neck and back pain, a decrease in height as well as poor posture. There is a variety of factors that contribute to the development of osteoporosis. These include a calcium deficiency, possibly due to a poor diet, aging and old age, the loss of estrogen that comes with the onset of menopause in women, as well as genetics. There are several other diseases that contribute to osteoporosis such as Cushing’s Disease and rheumatoid arthritis. There are 40 million Americans who struggle with this disease, men as well as women although women are more likely to develop it due to the loss of estrogen during and post-menopause. The estrogen loss is a major factor in bone formation. Other factors include family members who have had the disease, smoking, and being on certain medications such as prednisone.
Each bone is made up of a thick outer shell known as cortical bone and a strong inner mesh of trabecular bone which looks like a honeycomb, with blood and bone marrow between the struts of bone. Throughout each bone, older, worn-out bone tissue is broken down by specialist cells called osteoclasts and rebuilt by bone-building cells called osteoblasts. This process of renewal is called bone remodelling, when the bone tissues are not balanced after remodelling it can lead to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis occurs when the struts that make up this structure become thin causing bones to become fragile and break easily. Osteoporosis is commonly linked with women; this is because the oestrogen hormone in women is vital for maintaining healthy bones. When a woman reaches menopause and the monthly periods stops, it leads to a fall in the oestrogen levels, this can result to a quick reduction in bone density. Women are said to be at greater risk if they have an early menopause, if they have had a hysterectomy before the age of 45 or if they have had an absent period within 6 months as a result of over exercising or dieting. In men, the cause of osteoporosis is not yet known however, the reduction of the testosterone hormone which helps keep the bone healthy has a link with the disease. As men age, there is a reduced production of this hormone and this may increase the risk of osteoporosis. The reason for a reduction
...a casein-free diet was 19.9ng⁄mL, for participants not on a casein-free diet it was 19.6ng⁄mL, and for controls it was 17ng⁄mL. There were no differences in the measurements of 25 (OH) D in all groups. About sixty-one percent, fifty-four children, had concentrations of less than 20ng⁄mL. This is the minimum concentration recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to ensure good bone health. These children could be at risk for problems associated with vitamin D deficiency. This includes concerns with bone health and calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Children with autism spectrum disorder are limited to what activities they can do and usually are not exposed to much sunlight causing them to be at a greater risk. Understanding the needs and taking preventive measures for children with autism will help reduce the risk of health problems as they enter adulthood.
Unfortunately, as one begins to age, bones can begin to lose their density. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that causes the bones in the human body to become very weak and brittle. This is dangerous because even the
This study analyzed skull radiographs of 195 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Many people with osteogenesis imperfecta have a large number of wormian bones and are diagnosed with having SNWB (significant number of wormian bones) when they have 10 or more visible wormian bones. However, those with osteogenesis imperfecta are not the only ones with SNWB as it can also occur in other skeletal diseases and in cases of ‘‘purposeful skull deformation.’’ In this study, they found that a significant number of wormian bones occurred in all types of osteogenesis imperfecta and that 58% of patients with OI types I, III, and IV were positive for SNWB. This study found a strong correlation between occurrence of SNWB and a patient’s OI disease severity.
Osteomalacia can sometimes cause extremely low levels of calcium in the blood. Theoretically, low levels of calcium in the blood can lead to muscle spasms, cramps or even seizures. Osteomalacia as I stated before is usually caused by a lack of vitamin D. Vitamin D is very important to the body as it regulates the bone-building process and the way the body handles calcium and phosphate which are used in the formation of strong, hard bones. Vitamin D deficiency though may be harmful is actually very common, and must be severe and prolonged for osteomalacia to develop. Vitamin D deficiency also leads to muscle weakness, and is very common in the UK in which it affects about 1 in 6 adults overall.
Steps that you can take to reduce the chances of getting osteoporosis is consuming at least 3 portions of milk and dairy produce that have reduced fat content. You should also choose vegetables that are high in calcium such as broccoli and cabbage. Another recommendation is try to moderate the amount of alcohol you intake because alcohol can affect the liver which is important with using vitamin D in your body. You should also try to watch how much coffee and soft drinks that you consume a day because they can decrease the amount of calcium absorption which can cause bone loss. You should try to avoid eating lot of salty foods because they can cause your body to lose calcium from the sodium that is within it which can lead to bone loss. Other factors that can help you avoid getting osteoporosis is getting enough physical exercise such as sports and working out because that can improve strengthening your bones, eating fish such as salmon and at least once a week and eating vegetables and fruits at least five times daily because they help get the different nutrients that your body needs to keep it healthy. Smoking also can cause bones to become brittle because it affects your bone density but also affects your lungs which makes it harder to breath which can also can make them to do less physical activities and can also cause them to have poor
Osteoporosis is a scary thing to think about, and it makes me think of getting older…Yikes! Osteoporosis is generally a disease affecting the back, but did you know it can also affect your wrists, upper arms, and femur! I did not, but I do now. There are risk factors you can look for. There are ways to prevent osteoporosis as well. I also found out some other interesting facts that are both reassuring and helpful if I should discover that I do have it.
Bone resorption acts to cleanse the bone that has remained for a long period of time and reduce the calcium salts that have crystallized, which causes the bone to become more brittle. When bone resorption occurs at an increasing rate, and bone deposit fails to keep up, the result is a devastating bone disorder called osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is prominently characterized by a decline of bone mass, causing a fragility susceptible to fracture. There are three main features that contribute to the development of Osteoporosis, as follows; peak bone mass is less than optimal, excessive bone resorption causes loss of bone mass and structural damage, or inadequate bone formation occurs in response to bone resorption (Becker, C., 2008). During childhood and adolescence bone growth exceeds bone resorption until peak mass is obtained during adulthood. Peak bone mass is achieved by age 40, but varies cross culturally and between genders. After year of peak bone mass, the onset of menopause for women and normal aging in both sexes, bone structure and bone mass begin to deteriorate. The rate at which this deterioration occurs and the pattern of bone loss is most probably