DISCUSSION
The results have shown us that all four methods of extinguishing fires which we have used have been successful in putting the fires out but some were more efficient than others. Experiment A, with the vinegar, was the most successful substance. The fires in all the rounds of testing were quickly extinguished and there was barely any smoke. All the fires extinguished using Bottle A, were put out in under fifteen seconds with times such as fourteen seconds, thirteen seconds and eleven seconds. After the different rounds of testing, we also noticed that the product was easier to use and therefore put the fire out quicker. Experiment B, with the bicarbonate of soda, extinguished the fire but it took longer than experiment A and was not too efficient. The fires put out by Bottle B were put out between fifteen and
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The smoke also lasted approximately seven minutes. The water extinguished all of the fires in less than fifteen seconds. The water and Bottle A, with the vinegar, were both the most successful in extinguishing the fires. However, Bottle A did not produce as much smoke as the water did which means that it is safer to use because it prevents smoke from being inhaled. The success of each substance used along with the amount of smoke it produces contributes to the overall efficiency of the product. When making each of our individual experiments we also noticed that Bottle B and Bottle C both were not only liquid substances as they included table salt and bicarbonate of soda. The solid state of the two materials changed the texture of the product making it a lot thinker as the solids did not dissolve into the liquids. With this, we concluded that Bottle A, which was only liquid substances was more effective due to the thinner texture of the product before it was poured into the bottle. From this experiment we then concluded that a thinner texture would be better and more effective than a thicker texture as it is easier to compress using the
The unknown bacterium that was handed out by the professor labeled “E19” was an irregular and raised shaped bacteria with a smooth texture and it had a white creamy color. The slant growth pattern was filiform and there was a turbid growth in the broth. After all the tests were complete and the results were compared the unknown bacterium was defined as Shigella sonnei. The results that narrowed it down the most were the gram stain, the lactose fermentation test, the citrate utilization test and the indole test. The results for each of the tests performed are listed in Table 1.1 below.
One of the deadliest nightclub fires in United States history occurred on May 28, 1977, a busy Memorial Day weekend in the suburbs of Cincinnati. The Beverly Hills Supper Club was a popular nightclub located in Southgate, Campbell County, Kentucky in the greater Cincinnati area. It was located on a hill less than 1000 ft. from the highway on seventeen acres of land just three miles from downtown Cincinnati (Beverly Hills Supper Club Fire D-1). It has since become a case study for its numerous code violations and the behavior of the fire from ignition to building collapse. While there is no one contributing factor to the significant loss of life at this facility, a study of the building’s history, the sequence of the fire’s progression, and an analysis of the fire’s chemistry can provide some valuable lessons to the future firefighter.
The most pressing issue facing Detroit, in regard to fire, is the steady amount of burning vacant or delipidated buildings, and second to that is the high rate of home fires. For the purposes of this project, the capabilities of
Thousands upon thousands of acres are lost in forest fires every year. We always hear about the dramatic losses caused by forest fires and are often concerned by them. There are so many horrible effects from fires and most of them affect so many people. Studies have shown that out of all of the different methods to decrease fire damage, prescribed burns are the most affective. Many people would argue that they are not as affective because they cause so many health problems. Although that is a very important view and may seem valid, those health issues are not as extreme as one might think. People should look at the majority of the benefits form prescribed burns and they will see how affective and important they are. Prevention is the key to society these days and is definitely an important factor in saving lives. If more lives can be saved as well as land and wildlife, prescribed burns may be the better way to go about forest fires. Although, prescribed burns are better for the environment in order to prevent drastic forest fires, severe damage to timber and extreme death of wildlife; some people feel it affects the health of a firefighter too much and it causes too many long term effects.
Arson dogs are proving themselves to be a valuable asset to the arson investigators. Arson dogs are being used more each year by investigators and as well as private companies. Who do investigate for insurance companies. The use of a dog is to help pinpoint the location of where the fire started and what caused it. The dog reduces the number of samples that need to be collected and sent to be tested. This saves time and money. The dogs are trained to scent out a variety of chemicals used in a fire. Such as gas, lighter fluid, charcoal started, diesel. Kerosene, alcohol, brake fluid, paint thinner, and many more.
oxygen, and cannot be smothered. If you start a chemical fire indoors, it can be
This container must have a value of specific heat capacity so I can calculate heat transferred to it as well. Probably the most conductive container available for use in the classroom is a calorimeter. As well as not wasting energy on the heating of the container, I could also try to stop heat from escaping the top and edges of the container by covering it with a fitting lid. I will try to prevent the wind from blowing the flames in a different direction so all the windows must be shut. HYPOTHESIS More energy is released as more bonds are formed, below is the list of approximate energy required to break and form all bonds involved in burning alcohols.
When the four components of the fire tetrahedron are brought together, ignition occurs. For a fire to grow beyond the first material ignited heat must be transmitted by conduction, convection, or radiation, to additional fuel packages. In the early stages of a fire, heat rises to form a plume of hot gas and products of combustion. Fires in compartments are more complex than those in the open (IFSTA, 2013). In a compartment the plume is affected by the walls and ceiling. As the hot gases rise , they begin to spread outward until they reach the walls. Once the gases reach the walls they are confined and the depth of the gas layer increases from the ceiling towards the floor. If enough fuel and oxygen is available the fire continues to grow, and the overall temperature of the compartment and gas layer increases. The temperatures increase to a point when all combustible materials in the room have reached their own ignition temperatures. Flashover occurs when these materials ignite almost spontaneously. Once ignited and all combustibles in the compartment are burning the fire is said to be fully developed. The fire begins to decay
Good morning/good afternoon my name is Jonathan Scriva and today I am warning you about prescribed fire burning. This type of burning is done to maintain biodiversity, mitigate the seriousness of bushfires and to help protect lives and property by reducing the build-up of flammable bush. When a fire goes out of control it’s a disaster as corrupt as war. This is why need to prescribe burn to stop this mayhem from happening.
The ‘open coal or old gas-board gas fires’ are up to 65% efficient in terms of heating a room as the heated air in such fires goes up the chimney approximately ten times per hour. On the other hand, a glass fronted gas fire offers as high as 100% efficiency. Gas fires covered with a glass front can be ‘flue
...r it is arson, an uncontrolled camp fire, or a cigarette butt it doesn’t take much for humans to spark a disaster. Yet there is as well a few set by good old Mother Nature. On top of the effects on the earth as well as humans, there is only one thing we all can do and that is listen to our old pal Smokey the Bear when he says, “only you can prevent wildfire.”
In the past week we had some rain and we are supposed to expect rain this week. The main reason why we are allowed to have a controlled fire is because we have reserved some rain and there is more rain coming in the forecast. According to a firefighter in St.Albert, “due to the recent rain, the vegetation has become a lot greener which means the vegetation contains more water. This vegetation is a lot harder to catch on fire because the vegetation is not dry”.
and the type of fuel - must be very specific before any fires are initiated (“Prescribed
Fires in the campus may arise from the irresponsible use of appliances, lighters, unattended candles, faulty wiring and outlets smoking, impaired judgment due to alcohol, arson, overloading and other factors. Some of these are due to ignorance while others are lack of
others burn out very quickly or are not able to be burned at all. No two fires