A Note on Application of Commercial Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates in Trace Analysis
Reply to reviewers
As noted, we observed the presence of the impurity during our study of MBA deposition. Preliminary identification of BPE was done after comparison with literature data and BPE appeared in our laboratory (and also in all the Department) only after this step. Absence of the BPE in the used EtOH was proved by a simple experiment, described in Supplemental Material: Klarite chips of the batch 2009 and of the batch 2012 were separately dipped in EtOH in new (unused) weighing glasses and the Raman spectra measured without cover (i.e. undefined thickness and evaporation of EtOH during the experiment). No Teflon cell, no tubings, no re-using of solvent or chips. Development of the BPE Raman bands was noted only in the case of the batch 2009.
Please note, that without having the Klarite chips of the batch 2012, it would be very difficult to prove the contamination of the batch 2009 (we estimate that the SERS response corresponds to the BPE concentration of the order 10-14 mol/L!).
We, identically as both reviewers, were in contact with Dr. Eustace from Renishaw Diagnostics to solve the problem of the impurity, but unfortunately, we were unsuccessful to obtain a sample of the photoresist used in the production or other help.
We agree, that there is no big science behind this note. Our idea has been just communicated the problem, as probably every producer will rule out a possibility, that contamination originate from their products. Some problems with background spectra were documented earlier (see ref. ).
To the reviewer 2 response:
There are several significant reasons why the paper, “A Note on Application of ...
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... of my papers, collaborative papers that used Klarite substrates but I think they failed to look at the data presented. I have had frequent previous conversations with Dave Eustace and Alastair McInroy (renishaw diagnostics, previously D3 technologies who make Klarite substrates) regarding the Klarite substrate manufacturing, they do not have BPE rampantly about in the production process. Additionally, never has a BPE background been discussed, hinted at, or measured by myself or colleagues in academia (UMBC) or other govt facilities (ARL, ECBC). Generally, the authors make a good point that it is necessary to understand the background of your substrate (true for all analytical techniques), but they completely fail at understanding that they are contaminating their own material. We are presenting good data showing that contamination is on the Klarite chip.
The product was made from 4-methylcyclohexanol. The chemical, 4-methylcyclohexanol is used in industrial settings. In 2014, West Virginia was exposed to this chemical in drinking water. Since this chemical is used to wash coal of its impurities, it was unsafe to drink the water as well as take a shower (CNN). Similarly, 4-methylcyclohexanol has a strong smell which may cause people to have symptoms like vomiting, skin irritation, and trouble breathing. Diesel is also replaced by 4-methylcyclohexanol (National Geographic).
...form 〖PbCrO〗_4 and then process it through a filter. After filtering the 〖PbCrO〗_4 I had to dry the 〖PbCrO〗_4 residue in the drying oven for 30 minutes at 80℃. Then let it cool for 5 minutes and weigh it and finally make a few calculations to obtain the theoretical, actual, and percent yields of 〖PbCrO〗_4. I was able to fulfill the experiment because I obtained all the answers to the equations in an accurate amount. I believe this experiment was a success due to my hypothesis of, If physical methods are used to separate 〖 PbCrO〗_4 precipitate from the reaction mixture then I can successfully calculate the theoretical, actual, and percent yields, being correct.
Tackett, J. L., Lahey, B. B., van Hulle, C., Waldman, I., Krueger, R. F., & Rathouz, P. J. (2013).
Comment on class result with respect to differences in filter types, differences in filter assemblies, and overall on the confidence you would have in using this type of sterilisation process in preparation of pharmaceutical products. List the factors that may cause contamination during filtration. (20 marks)
We thank the University of Oklahoma and the chemistry faculty for providing the space, instructions, and equipment for the development of this report and experiment.
...kes a great argument showing us how the positive results outweigh the negative. Contamination isn’t so bad after all.
...and MEA. These chemicals are said to be linked with breast cancer, skin rashes, estrogenic, hormone disruptor, linked to liver and kidney cancer, and irritates the eye.
information in this document provided by Blue’sClues Inc. All findings are to be reported strictly
Titsworth, W. L., Abram, Fullerton, J. A., Hester, J., Guin, P., Waters. M., Mocco, J. (2013).
0,74 0,87 1,00 0,49 100... ... middle of paper ... ... some groups had got different leakage of the pigment in the test tubes with water.
As cited by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of US, Pb and Pb containing compounds is one of the top 17 chemicals causing greatest threat to human life and environment.1st July 2006 has been official...
The harmful effects of using hexavalent chromium to human health and the environment was known by PG&E, however they misinformed the people of Hinkley that they were using chromium 3 which was actually beneficial and safe to use. They kept deceiving the people who were being affected by the side effects that hexavalent chromium had. The company lost one of the largest lawsuit in American history and ended up paying $333 million to the people of Hinkley as a compensation for what they had done. Which again shows that the company officials would do anything in order to satisfy their own greed and need for money, no matter what the
"Toxic Chemicals Used in Salon Products." Women's Voices For The Earth. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2014. .
When determining whether a food colorant is safe to be used as a food additive, tests must be performed to determine its toxicological effects. Many food colorants have been shown to induce certain diseases and carcinogenic or allergic reactions in animals and humans. By the 1960s, experiments had displayed results that initiated regulations that restricted the use of these colorants (Vargas & Lopez, 2003). However, some natural colorants, which are those pigments retrieved from living organisms, are believed to have fewer adverse effects on consumer health and have fewer restrictions on their usage than synthetic colorants,...
These were all naturally occurring substances. No refinement had occurred, and isolation of specific compounds (drugs) had not taken place.