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LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN HOTEL INDUSTRY
It is a review paper, written to understand role of leadership on employee performance in hotel industry.
Hotel industry is very dynamic and is part of huge service industry which incorporates other sectors also like IT, banking etc. As a characteristic of service industry it is people oriented and involves human factor very strongly. While providing the service people are directly involved in the production and the process at the same time. It is a highly labour intensive industry. That’s why lot of heterogeneity is being observed. This demands for a resilient leader to take the functioning in one’s hand. Leaders in hotel industry are very influential and can have substantial effect on
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In many business organisations employee performance is assessed on an annual or quarterly basis which aids in identifying areas for improvement. (Business Dictionary, 2014)
“Aguinis in 2009 described that the definition of performance does not include the results of an employee’s behaviour, but only the behaviours themselves. Performance is about behaviour or what employees do, not about what employees produce or the outcomes of their work”. Employee performance is considered as a belief of an individual regarding his contribution towards the organisation and there off his behaviour. McCloy in 1994 identified certain factors which can help improve performance and perform better than others. These factors are declarative knowledge, procedural knowledge and motivation. (Shahzad, 2011)
Employee performance is the successful completion of tasks by a selected individual or individuals, as set and measured by a supervisor or organisation, to pre - defined acceptable standards while efficiently and effectively utilising available resources within a changing environment. (Tinofirei, November
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Tracey and Hinkin also suggest that transactional leadership style which is a traditional one is inadequate and such type of leaders are mostly engaged in fire fighting, focus on the mistakes rather than on the accomplishments. They stress that organisations should be ready for continuous change. It was concluded that management for adaptation through the use of transformational leadership, is more important than management for control, represented by more traditional forms of leadership. (Hinkin,
...selbein and Cohen, “organizations that take the time to teach leadership are far ahead of the competition. By becoming familiar with the transformational leadership approach and combining the four I's, managers can become effective leaders in the business world.” (1999, p. 263). Transformational leadership can be applied in one-on-one or group situations. Using this approach, the manager (leader) and the associates (followers) are “transformed” to enhance job performance and help the organization be more productive and successful. All of these leaders have the attributes mentioned here. History will decide the greater impact they had on society as it is being written every day. Therefore, the qualities of transformational leadership make the essence of transformational management and the key to successful management of transformational organizational changes.
Borkowski (2015) distinguished between transactional leadership and transformational leadership by explaining that: transactional leadership is directed toward task accomplishment and the maintenance of good relations between the leader and subordinates throw consideration of performance and reward. And, Transformational leadership, contrasting transactional leadership, is directed toward the influence and management of institutional change and innovation through revitalization and
There is an array of key components and factors involved in making an organization a successful business. One of those elements consists on evaluating employee’s performance; this sole component is critical in determining how effective is the organization’s productivity and which are the necessary steps to ensure proper functioning. “The performance appraisal may be one of the few times during the year where an employee and the reviewer, typically the employee's supervisor, can sit down and have a lengthy face-to-face discussion about all aspects of the job” (Joseph, 2016). Employees’ performance assessment serves as an instrument to gather important information as to which areas of the job description are being performed according to standards
Certainly, an army would not be able to battle in the war without a commander who in charges of the whole strategy. Correspondingly, any organisations cannot function without leaders. Leader is the most substantial element of successful organizations. Becoming outstanding leaders, leadership skill is vital in order to drive the organizations forward. Several leadership principles are extensively used these days. Burns (1978) identified two types of leadership comprise of transactional and transformational leadership. Hence, leaders should be capable to indicate which theory should be applied in accordance with organization’s culture and objectives. This essay aims to evaluate the resemblances and the differences between transactional and transformational leadership as well as the feasibility to utilize a mixture of them by giving the definitions and examples followed by the supporting researches and studies.
Preview: This book provides a lengthy indoctrination of the what and why of performance management. This summary will cover both the pragmatic and practical pieces of the text; while excluding some of the specific instruction for those who oversee the overall orchestration of performance management in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to allow its readers to grasp some main themes of performance management and develop a vocabulary for discussion and debate of the topic.
As most of the literature suggests, employee performance is a vital element in organisational survival and success. The systems developed and applied to facilitate the management of employee performance are therefore major contributors to the overall success of performance management. To remain effective the RM process should not be isolated from other HRM functions, in addition the process must be dynamic and constantly aligned to organisational strategy. In these instances long term benefits for all stakeholders can be realised.
Performance management aims to manage and improve individual performance with a vision to improving performance across the entire business. [Walter. M, 1995] defines performance management as the process of ‘Directing and supporting employees to work as effectively and efficiently as possible in line with the needs of the organisation’. It is very important to direct and support employees to work efficiently, and this can only be successful if a well-structured performance management system is put in place. But, nonetheless some organisations don’t get it
Performance management is a management tool used to value, monitor and measure a company’s strategies that ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of its product delivery. This management tool does not focus on the organisation and on its employees as well as stakeholders. It is a continuous process that entails that managers make sure that organisational and employee values are corresponding (Aguinis, 2005,p.1/2-1/5). Performance Management brings about the competencies in the employees, increases self-esteem by giving feedback to employees, there is a low number of lawsuits because it helps understand the company better (eThekwini Municipality, 2008,p.10-11). According to Pride, Hughes and Kapoor (2011, p.288) performance management creates motivation for employees; one theory of motivation is of Expectancy, which stipulates that employees satisfaction is driven by expectations of what an organisation will offer in return.
Performance management is a great tool for both the employee as well as the organization. For the employee, it gives the employee a clear picture of his areas of improvement and helps him improve and grow. From the organization’s perspective, it lets them understand the potential they have in their employees and how to realize them. It helps them to analyze who are worthy of being held onto and whom to let go so that the organization grows. In all, an effective tool, if used in the correct manner by all the parties involved.
Performance Management is a process of evaluating the organisation and employee achievement towards a common goal, it can also ensure the business continually strives to improve their most valuable asset ‘their employees’. Performance management can continually drive business improvement by identifying and communicating performance goals and expectations. Employees are aware of what is expected of them and how they will achieve them. Linking employee goals with business goals means the organisation will continually improve the employees and organisational performance as a whole, the organisation can drive their performance ‘hand in hand’.
Performance is defined as a role of individual ability, skills and effort in a given situation. Performance depends on an individual’s perception, values and attitudes. Job performance is an accomplishment of the specific work related tasks or skills by an employee. Besides, employee behaviour is also necessary for an organization to be smooth, cooperate and communicate well in the organization to achieve gaols. There is some reciprocal relationship between job satisfaction and job performance. Satisfaction can cause performance, performance can cause satisfaction and rewards affect both performance and satisfaction. If employees are satisfied and committed to their job, they are more willing to take additional responsibilities without increasing their salaries. Then, their levels of commitments are high and they are more enjoyable in their work place. When employees are happy, they are more probably to have a positive attitude on life and more enthusiastic and productive. Otherwise, if employees are dissatisfied on their job, they are demotivated and they are not participating in any organizational activities, means lack of commitment.
The Hospitality and Tourism industry is one of the largest and fastest growing industries across the world that has an ongoing need for quality, skillful and motivated leaders to lead the industry to success. The purpose of this study is to examine and relate the significance of the research to access the main area and focus of the topic to find the qualities and traits of successful leadership in the tourism. Managers and leaders have slight difference in how to overcome daily operations of workers, however there work load falls in the same category. This chapter speaks about what leaders are capable of accomplishing by leading, pulling and pushing others. It also elaborates on the literature relating to the purpose of the study as well as
There are several reasons organizations initiate performance evaluations, however the standard purpose for performance evaluations is to discuss performance expectations; not only from the employers perspective but to engage in a formal collaboration where the employee and the manager are both able to provide feedback in a formal discourse. There are many different processes an organization should follow when developing its performance evaluation tool; in addition essential characteristics that must accompany an effective performance appraisal process. I will discuss in detail the intent of a performance evaluation, the process an organization should follow in using its performance evaluation tool, along with the characteristics of an effective
Employee performance defines the individual performance and behavior. It is essential to understand that performance is not merely a tasks and work need to be done to receive bonus or pay increase. Main objective is to enhance the skills set of an individual while helping the business performance (Baker, 1999).
Leadership, without doubt, is a significantly important function of management. It helps to aggrandize efficiency and to fulfil an organization’s goals. Leadership is the ability of a manager to induce the subordinates to work with confidence, determination, courage and zeal. It is also defined as ability to influence a group towards the realization of a goal. Leaders should have the capability of developing future visions, and to drive the organizational members to want to attain the visions. This paper states my points in which I duly believe, justifies the importance of an outstanding leader in any organization.