The in-class counseling practice exercises gave a great insight into the various counseling theories and techniques. By role playing, I was able to better understand the challenges and benefits of the theories and how it applies to the current field of counseling. In the following, I will attempt to communicate my experience both at an academic level and spiritual level. The psychoanalytic theory was founded by Sigmund Freud. This theory is used in psychotherapy as a process of investigating and treating personality disorders. The idea behind this theory is that our childhood experiences are directly related to the way we function in our later years as adults. Freud believed that our mind is made up of both the conscious mind and the unconscious …show more content…
The Adlerian theory, emphasizes on the conscious over the unconscious and its basic assumption is that people are socially motivated. This approach is both humanistic and goal oriented. Adler believed that people 's behavior are purposeful and directed towards a goal. The application of Adler 's counseling theory has four central objectives, that correspond to the four phases of the therapeutic process (Corey, 2013.) Included in these phases is establishing a relationship, assessment, promoting self-awareness and guiding the client into making new choices. During a counseling session, the counselor will ask question in order to get an insight into the client 's lifestyle. For example, they may be asked questions regarding personal relationships with family, friends and acquaintances. Another area that is delved into is their professional life. The counselors ' goal is to educate the client, provide direction and encouragement in order for the client to make new choices and positive changes in their …show more content…
Looking back when I began this session, I was a little apprehensive and lost as to the direction I should take when trying to apply the different theories. Gradually, I gained confidence and through trial and error, I could see that my counselee was becoming more receptive to my techniques. For example, during the first counseling session, I applied the psychoanalysis theory. Since I did not have a clear direction on how to apply the theory, I could sense that the counselee was confused to what I was attempting to convey. If I had to do it all over again, I would have began by clearly stating the objectives and desires results of our session together. I would have explained the need for delving into the past as a means to resolving the counselee 's issues that she was presently struggling with. On our second session, I believe that I gained a positive rapport with the counselee. I came better prepared and executed my plan more efficiently. The theory that I used during our second session was the Adlerian therapy
According to the article, in Adlerian therapy, a therapist's ability to encourage and instill hope in a client is key. The
Psychoanalysis is a theory that explores personality traits on the conscious and unconscious level. According to TheFreeDictionary.com, “Psychoanalysis is the most intensive form of an approach to treatment called psychodynamic therapy. Psychodynamic refers to a view of human personality that results from interactions between conscious and unconscious factors. The purpose of all forms of psychodynamic treatment is to bring unconscious mental material and processes into full consciousness so that the patient can gain more control over his or her life” (Psychoanalytic Treatment). Sigmund Freud is the founder of the Psychoanalysis Theory. He had many followers. One of those followers was Jung. As time went on, Jung’s perspective on personality
Postmodern counseling approaches have begun to challenge the paradigms of modernistic counseling theories. Modern theories emphasize the use of empirically validated treatment approaches to psychotherapy. The modernistic therapy perspective endorses the premise that psychological problems are the result of disturbances in cognitive processes. The focus of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is on helping clients to examine and restructure their core beliefs in order to reorganize one’s behavior. Postmodern approaches to therapy, however, stress the importance of context in people’s social and interpersonal world. The postmodern perspective is interested in the client’s world external to individual dynamics. This paper will compare and contrast the key points, therapeutic relationship, application, contributions, and strengths and limitations of CBT and postmodern versions of therapy.
In regards to the questions and answers, I feel as though my personal approach to counseling is based off of my own priorities I set forth in myself that follow more closely to the aspects of Reality Therapy, and Adlerian Therapy. Though Reality Therapy primarily focuses on the present, it still has some grounding in the past but not as much as Adlerian does. Even knowing this I still feel these two therapies are more closely related to my own belief system. I am in agreement with Reality Therapy, in that we are responsible for the choices we make. I trust that we can exercise great control over our lives, over how we can change to better ourselves, and to better our relationships with those around us. I feel that we all as a society are influenced by basic needs: belonging, survival, freedom, and power, and that these needs can be used as motivational tool when working with clients.
From a psychoanalytic perspective, the goal of counseling is to bring unconscious information to the conscious and strengthen the ego by bringing forth the clients energy to conscious processes (Murdock, 2013). Rasmussen & Salhani (2010) states the following regarding the goal of psychoanalytic theory which further supports Murdock’s statement, “we turn to psychoanalytic theory to understand not only the individual’s conscious, rational thinking, but also the unconscious dynamics and motivation” (Rasmussen & Salhani, 2010).
An Adlerian is any person who applies the ideals and principles of Alfred Adler into their work; this does not restrict to just psychologists or counsellors, but instead applies to several occupations such as teachers or doctors. I’m an Adlerian because studying at Adler School of Professional Psychology I can rest assured knowing that once my degree is complete I will have a deep understanding of bringing together Adlerian principles into my counselling profession. Adlerian principles according to NASAP's (2004) newsletter “Adlerian Psychology-Theory of Human Behavior” can divide into different components: lifestyle, social embeddedness, phenomenology, teleology, creativity uniqueness, inferiority feelings, striving for superiority, vertical and level striving, and holism entrenched within all these components. As one notices, Adler had various principles and ideals, therefore if I was to pick just one that I hold dearly, it would be difficult to choose. Yet, in this paper, I will narrow my focus on addressing a few special components that are dear to me and finally select one that is most meaningful. I hope to use this as a base representation of the ideals I will apply in my work as an Adlerian practitioner.
The Adlerian approach in therapy differs from all other approaches in its perception of human emotions and strivings. As the other theories solely focused on the past of humans and their unconscious minds, Adler and his followers stressed more on social interest and community feeling, even though they don’t ignore other factors such as one’s childhood events. The latter believed than people have an innate sense of inferiority that will make them pursue happiness, success as well as fulfill their ambitions. In other words, Adlerians tend to help clients in therapy sessions to become more aware of these free privileges that they can have access to. Hence, the therapy journey is characterized by four main phases through which the therapist hope to achieve his goals in accordance with the client’s case. First of all, the therapist will begin by establishing a healthy relationship with the client. Therefore he creates a secure environment for the client to let him feel that he can open up and describe his experiences without having to worry about being judged. The therapist will also set his goals clear, share them with the client, and provide him with important information about his rights (Corey, 2009). The second phase will focus then on exploring the client’s psychological dynamics and general information about the person’s lifestyle. The exploration takes place in two parts: the objective interview and the subjective interview. In the subjective interview, the therapist will assist the client in exploring persistent habits and patterns in his daily life. Whereas the objective interview will tackle more general ideas about the client’s medical and social history that may help identi...
The concept of Adlerian family therapy was theorized by Alfred Adler and is one of the first psychiatrists to embark on family therapy. The principle of Adlerian family therapy is an individual and social system is holistic and inseparable in nature, behavior is interactive and with a purpose and the individual seeks meaning by acceptance in a social system. A family is generally the social system which an individual seeks acceptance. A principle of Adlerian family therapy is subjective, each person generates their own meaning from their experiences. The life roles and life meaning is greatly influenced by family environment, which individuals form their own private logic or their view of the world. The family problems can be related to faulty private logic and discouragement within the family. Adlerian family therapy incorporates the additional concept, parents and children tend to get locked into negative interactions which are repetitive and grounded on mistaken goals, resulting in motivation for family members. The key theories of Adlerian family therapy is family atmosphere, family constellation, and mistaken goals.
As a future counselor, I have enjoyed learning about the different techniques and theories of counseling. Understanding each approach is important but I believe that the counselors self knowledge of her or his own values, worldviews and life philosophy is just as important for the counselor to do the job effectively. Each theory that we learned about, I could see being helpful to different people, their circumstance and individual problem. I can see myself using different parts of each in my future career. Currently, I more drawn to the Adlerian theory. I understand and agree when Adler believed that people do have the ability to monitor and control the direction of their lives.The unconscious shapes personality,
This essay will attempt to highlight and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the three main theories of counselling within the module covered this term. The three approaches in discussion are psychodynamics, cognitive behavioural and humanistic.
Patients that are being counselled from a Adlerian therapist will be challenged by their current belief their life goals and explore if they are truly obtaining the life and the self that they desire. Through family history, behavior patterns, goal setting and establishing a beneficial and reliable relationships an Adlerian therapist is able to connect with their patient and help them improve their life and obstacles they are battling with. The Adlerian approach to therapy will be applied to Tina Stenson who’s battling
Through the psychoanalytic therapeutic approach, the counselor analyses the client and the occurring problem as well as teach the client how to comprehend the behavior and how it is related to the client’s past experiences. Focusing on the Adlerian approach, the counselor’s role becomes to create mutual trust and respect as well as identifying previous mistaken goals as well as teaching and encouraging the client to a brighter future. The client-therapist relationship becomes mutual towards determining goals and is built on equality. The role of the counselor with the focus of CBT is as a teacher. The counselor teaches the client to change his or her cognition to create a better cognitive schema and a more positive view in the future. However, the relationship is collaborative, meaning that the counselor helps the client identifying the problem and how to solve it. Lastly, the postmodern approaches, creates a collaborative partnership. However, the client-therapist relationship is different in the postmodern approaches compared to psychoanalytic therapy, Adlerian therapy, and CBT, where it is a teaching environment, with the counselor being the expert. In the postmodern approaches, the client is the expert on his or her life and takes control over developing a future-oriented goal with assistance from the counselor. Creating an
Counseling is professional guidance of the individuals by utilizing psychological methods by collecting historical data, using various techniques of theories, and testing interests and aptitude. However, the responsibility of being Julie therapist is to understand she has a fear of trusting man, due to her childhood with her alcoholic father. Due to this problem, Julie constantly repeats ‘’she will not be fooled again by a man, or will not let herself need or trust men’’. Julie decided to seek for help by going to counseling and want to overcome the way she perceives men. Then Doctor Jerry Corey is her therapist, he approach Julie Casey case with an Adlerian Perspective, rising certain questions, and techniques for her to overcome her
Taking the techniques of counseling class was a great course that contributed to my evolution as a perspective therapist. Certain skills I already possess such as, great communication, being empathetic, and open to learning. However, throughout the class I learned different therapy policies such as confidentiality, attending skills, and self-awareness. Having knowledge of these basic practices and skills has contributed to me becoming well rounded, self- aware, and a competent perspective counselor. I have made moderate progress towards the learning goals I established for myself in the beginning of the semester. During the beginning of the semester I anticipated learning different counseling approaches, becoming culturally competent, and learning how to be more confident. Throughout the course not much was mentioned about theoretical approaches and how to incorporate the framework into therapy. Nonetheless, the content that I learned allowed me to be more culturally competent, self-aware, and confident. To be culturally competent, it is essential to know basic background information about a client before assisting them. It is imperative to know basic information about a client such as age, sex, and nationality to determine how to assist the individual. Not knowing certain information may contribute to unethical work and a disservice to the
One aspect I found striking was the role of advice giving in counseling. Prior to this class, I knew that counselors did not typically give opinions or advice to lead a client in a certain direction. What I did not know was the entire reasoning behind this. A counselor might avoid giving advice so that a client learns to make his/her own decisions, does not become dependent on the counselor, and to ensure that a client will not later blame the counselor if the counselor’s advice did not turn out well. In this context, I have a better appreciation and understanding of why therapists refrain from telling the client what to do.