INTERELATION OF COGNITIVE READINES WITH KNOWLEDGE RETENTION OF STUDENT ON BUFFER SOLUTION IN INDONESIA
Teachers’ competency in teaching and learning is an important factor in achieving instructional goals. Competency refers to the skills and personality of a teacher in handling the instructional process with the help of instructional methods, teaching aids and resource. Therefore, the teachers must have professional educational ability (Copriady, 2014). According to The Government of the Republic of Indonesia Regulation number 19 of 2005 about National Education Standards Article 28 paragraph 3: The learning agent for primary education, secondary education, and early childhood education needs to have following competences: Professional competence, Pedagogical competence, Personal competence and Social competence.
Teachers’ professional competences in particular, demand the core attribute that are (1) Mastery of the subject matter, the structure, the concepts and the paradigms that support the subject matter of their teaching (point 21) and (2) mastery the competence standards and basic competences of the subject matter of their teaching (point 22) (The Ministry of National Education Regulation number 16 of 2007 about
…show more content…
Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning
Based on Mayer (2014), there are three kinds of process during the learning:
1. Selecting, in which the learner attends to relevant aspects of the incoming visual and auditory information ( as indicated by the arrows from sensory memory to working memory)
2. Organizing, in which the learner mentally arranges the pieces of information in working memory into coherent verbal and pictorial representation (as indicated by the arrow within working memory)
3. Integrating, in which the learner connects the verbal and pictorial representations in with each other and with relevant prior knowledge activated from long-term memory (as indicated by the arrow from long-term memory to working
As a graduate teacher it is important to understand the standards that underpin the whole of the teaching profession. The Australian Professional Standards for Teachers (the Standards) came about after extensive evidence was put forward by the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for young Australians in 2008 to say that Australia needed to improve its teacher quality in order to be considered as a world-class country in education (Teacherstandards.aitsl.edu.au, 2014). The key elements of what constitutes quality teaching make up seven standards and are broken down into the three domains of professional knowledge, professional practice and professional engagement.
According to Baddeley and Hitch (1974) what constitutes as working memory can be divided into four distinct components which contribute to the processes of memory. They are the phonological loop, the visual spatial sketchpad, the episodic buffer and the central executive (in Passer, Smith, Holt, Bremner, Vliek, 2009).
Another important quality of an outstanding educator is competence. Outstanding teachers are highly capable. They know how to do their job, and they do it very well. They are smart, well ed...
Long-term Memory- permanent storage. Lasts from minutes to a lifetime. Example- remembering events about your first trip to the dentist.
The visual learners prefer to use pictures, images, maps, colors, and spatial intelligence, which assist them to arrange their information, interact with others and give them a great sense of direction. They are great at accumulating information, curious and inquisitive due to the fact that without adequate information, the portrait of what they are learning will be imperfect. They are also enthusiastic about theory and facts; system diagram helps them to visualize the connection between parts of a system; story method assists them to learn by heart the content that cannot be seen easily. (Garner, 2012)
This proposal is designed to address the need for professional development of which can be utilized in assisting teachers within our institution mature and grow educationally for the purposes of becoming better instructors for the purposes of education our students academically and assisting them to succeed within their academic goals and objectives. The proposed plan of action of which can ultimately assist bot our facu...
According to Baddeley, in 1986, there is a diagram called The Working Memory Model. The definition of working memory is the part of short-term memory that is concerned with immediate conscious perceptual and linguistic processing. In a sense, working memory is the process of consciously memorizing whatever one is focused upon, only being held for a short amount of time. One will not retain this information long, unless it is rehearsed enough to where it will be placed in long term memory. According to Rich Master author of “The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology”, “Working memory processes data via a central executive that directs attention,...
Memory is a process by which we learned are stored for future use. Like the computer, researchers have characterized human memory as an information processing system that has three separate stages during which an already stored memory is called in consciousness. This is called model memory. Once a computer has been named and stored, we can “call it up” by its name and use it again. Human memory works much in the same way. When we recall or bring a memory into consciousness, we have retrieved it. This process is known as memory retrieval. Sensory memory is a very but brief but extensive memory for sensory events. Short term memory is more limited in capacity than sensory memory but lasts longer. Proactive interference occurs when old materials learned more recently. Retroactive interference occurs when recently learned materials interferes with the retrieval of material learned earlier. The initial 10 to 20 second STM period often leads to a second phase, working memory, during which attention and conscious effort are brought to bear on the material at hand. Long-term memory is the memory stage that has a very large capacity and capability to store information relatively permanently. We use maintenance rehearsal when we want to save or maintain a memory for a short period. People who are instructed to remember a list use elaborative rehearsal, which adds meaning to material that we want to remember. These are the models of memory.
Long-term memory is how humans process in the present, recall information from the past, or think about the future. Without long-term memory one cannot remember past memories, today, or what we may plan to do in the future. On top of that, there is no learning without long-term memory and the progress that we see today in our fast pace driven world would not exist. This is why the study and understanding of long-term memory is important for further knowledge of human nature. The long-term memory itself takes in many different forms of information including images, sounds, and meaning. The orientation of memory encompasses three important stages and the first is encoding. Encoding takes places in different locations inside the brain and this
It is expected that the profession of teaching embraces many qualities of any other professional practice. Teachers must possess a combination of many qualities beginning with a strong academic background and wide-ranging knowledge. The National Framework for Professional Standards for Teaching (2003) it is the knowledge of students, curriculum, subject matter, pedagogy, education – related legislation and the specifically teaching context that is the foundation on effective teaching, and a firm foundation on which to construct well educated judgments.
Sight, touch, smell, hearing and taste. All senses will be used. These learner style prefer to gained knowledge through practice and experience, information that is related with reality is more reliable for them as they want concrete and multi-sensory experiences in their learning. Perhaps this learning style is the most challenging style in education system because they may not have opportunities to engaged for hands on. Method like experiments, field trip or role play are rarely used. Caused by that, labs and tutorials is more essential for these learners. Among the methods that can help these learner are by trying to use all the senses in the learning process because the more senses you use the higher recall will be, as you have many clues. In additions makes notes with several examples for each concept and use your own examples, more personal examples you created, the better you
Amanulla & Aruna’s (2014) study showed a positive relationship between teacher efficacy and professional development. The relationship indicates that increase in teacher efficacy will cause an increase in the professional development of
This paper will identify different definitions of an effective teacher, along with how to assess teachers for being effective. Teacher Effectiveness: Characteristics and Skills of an Effective Teacher. Teacher effectiveness has generated different definitions depending on how it is viewed. Jupp and Education (2009) define effectiveness as “the practical outputs of teachers”. These outputs take place in two different forms, quantitative and qualitative.
My stage of development would be proficient in all four domains and components of professional practice, however, few domains and components are my higher strength and the other areas are needed improvement. The four years of my teaching experience, I had the opportunity to be evaluated by my principle, and she used these four domains of professional practice. Through her expertise and suggestions, she provided guidance to develop and improve my skills in the stage of proficiency or to the expert stage. The classroom environment and professional responsibilities domains are my strength that I worked on past few years. Nevertheless, I am continually building more skills and foundation on components of planning and preparing for the content and instruction part. I work with different students need and learning styles every year, therefore I am continually learning the new strategies and information to help all my learners to success. Furthermore, I have been developing and working on improving in content, pedagogy, knowing student’s learning and self-knowledge areas. However, my weakness in knowledge areas is performing higher co...
For teachers to be effective in ways that increase students’ academic achievement, teachers must have the competency needed to teach in their respective content areas. For the purposes of this paper, teacher effectiveness and competency will be discussed in terms of a teacher’s ability to improve student’s academic achievement. Teacher competency is associated with the teacher’s readiness to teach their subject. According to the National Research Council (NRC), an estimated 10-20% of math and