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History of imaginary i
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How far does imaginary numbers go back in history? First must know that an imaginary number is a number that is expressed in terms of the square root of a negative number. This fact took several centuries of convincing for certain mathematicians to believe, but imaginary numbers have been used all the back to the first century, and is now being widely used by people all around the world to this day. It is thanks to people like Heron of Alexandria, Girolamo Cardano, Rafael Bombelli, and other mathematician’s for making imaginary numbers as impactful as they are being used for signal processing, control theory, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, cartography, vibration analysis, and many others. While not as impactful as the people after him, Heron of Alexandra was one of the first to mention imaginary numbers dating all the way back to the 1st century. Hero of Alexandria was not only a mathematician but an engineer as well and he was considered the greatest experimenter of antiquity at the time. In 50 A.D. he studied the volume of an impossible section of a pyramid, and what it unworkable was the problem √81-114. This problem produces the result √-63, but without any clear understanding in his logic Heron simply wrote √63; this answer might have …show more content…
Shaw, Amanda. “God and Imaginary Numbers.” First Things, 13 Sept. 7ADAD, www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2007/09/god-and-imaginary-numbers.
Spencer, Philip. “Complex Numbers in Real Life.” University of Toronto Mathematics Network, 19 Apr. 1999, www.math.toronto.edu/mathnet/questionCorner/complexinlife.html.
Jones, Bob. The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,5753,-18864,00.html.
Lasenby, Joan. “Maths Goes to the Movies.” Maths Goes to the Movies, Plus Magazine, 1 Mar. 2007,
Kessler, Glenn 2001. “Gentlemen, Prepare Your Calculators” The Washington Post National Weekly Edition 18:17 (February 19-February 25): 29
In the beginning of the course, we discussed “NGD”. The two areas of “NGD” that we focused on were number and geometry. Number is discrete, finite, time, or sound. Geometry is continuous, infinite, space, or vision. Bronowski mentioned how “it’s said that science will dehumanize people and turn them into numbers” (374). This tragically became true during the Holocaust where people were no longer considered human beings, but rather numbers. We discussed various mathematical topics concerning numbers like the well-ordering pair. In the well-ordering pair, ever subset has a least member. There are also figurative numbers, squared numbers, and even Pythagorean triples.
Geometry, a cornerstone in modern civilization, also had its beginnings in Ancient Greece. Euclid, a mathematician, formed many geometric proofs and theories [Document 5]. He also came to one of the most significant discoveries of math, Pi. This number showed the ratio between the diameter and circumference of a circle.
Although I only mentioned three of his most famous contributions to math, there are many more. Archimedes was the person to prove that the area of a circle was equal to pi multiplied by the circle’s radius squared. He also calculated the volumes of parts of many other shapes including spheroids and conoids. The things that he came up with with little to no prior information to work with are used to help millions of people do different things. He was one of the most brilliant minds the world has ever known and without his work, math would not have come as far as it has
10 J.V. Field, Galileo Galilei. School of Mathmatics and St. Andrews, Scotland, August 1995; available from http://www.history.mcs.standrews.ac.uk/history/mathmatics/galileo.html;Internet.
The mathematicians of Pythagoras's school (500 BC to 300 BC) were interested in numbers for their mystical and numerological properties. They understood the idea of primality and were interested in perfect and amicable numbers.
Tubbs, Robert. What is a Number? Mathematical Concepts and Their Origins. Baltimore, Md: The Johns Hopkins
The great field of mathematics stretches back in history some 8 millennia to the age of primitive man, who learned to count to ten on his fingers. This led to the development of the decimal scale, the numeric scale of base ten (Hooper 4). Mathematics has grown greatly since those primitive times, in the present day there are literally thousands of laws, theorems, and equations which govern the use of ten simple symbols representing the ten base numbers. The field of mathematics is ever changing, and therefor, there is a great demand for mathematicians to keep improving our skills in utilizing the numeric system. Many great people, both past and present, have made great contributions to the field. Among the most famous are Archimedes, Euclid, Ptolemy, and Pythagoras, all of which are men. This seems to be a common trend in mathematics, for almost all classical mathematicians were male.
Euclid, who lived from about 330 B.C.E. to 260 B.C.E., is often referred to as the Father of Geometry. Very little is known about his life or exact place of birth, other than the fact that he taught mathematics at the Alexandria library in Alexandria, Egypt during the reign of Ptolemy I. He also wrote many books based on mathematical knowledge, such as Elements, which is regarded as one of the greatest mathematical/geometrical encyclopedias of all time, only being outsold by the Bible.
Numeracy involves the functional, social, and cultural dimensions of mathematics. Numeracy is the type of math skills needed to function in everyday life, in the home, workplace, and community (Withnall 1995). Although not always recognized as such, math is used in many everyday situations-cooking, shopping, crafts, financial transactions, traveling, using VCRs and microwave ovens, interpreting information in the media, taking medications. Different people need different sets of math skills, and their numeracy needs change in response to changes in life circumstances, such as buying a car or house or learning a new hobby (Gal 1993; Withnall 1995). Like literacy, numeracy "is not a fixed entity to be earned and possessed once and for all" (Steen 1990, p. 214), nor a skill one either has or doesn't have. Instead, people's skills are situated along a continuum of different purposes for and levels of accomplishment with numbers.
...re encompassing way, it becomes very clear that everything that we do or encounter in life can be in some way associated with math. Whether it be writing a paper, debating a controversial topic, playing Temple Run, buying Christmas presents, checking final grades on PeopleSoft, packing to go home, or cutting paper snowflakes to decorate the house, many of our daily activities encompass math. What has surprised me the most is that I do not feel that I have been seeking out these relationships between math and other areas of my life, rather the connections just seem more visible to me now that I have a greater appreciation and understanding for the subject. Math is necessary. Math is powerful. Math is important. Math is influential. Math is surprising. Math is found in unexpected places. Math is found in my worldview. Math is everywhere. Math is Beautiful.
Ramasinghe, W. (2005). A Simple Proof e2 is Irrational. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 36(4):407-441
They constructed the 12-month calendar which they based on the cycles of the moon. Other than that, they also created a mathematical system based on the number 60 which they called the Sexagesimal. Though, our mathematics today is not based on their system it acts like a foundation for some mathematicians. They also used the basic mathematics- addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, in keeping track of their records- one of their contributions to this world, bookkeeping. It was also suggested that they even discovered the number of the pi for they knew how to solve the circumference of the circle (Atif, 2013).
The 17th Century saw Napier, Briggs and others greatly extend the power of mathematics as a calculator science with his discovery of logarithms. Cavalieri made progress towards the calculus with his infinitesimal methods and Descartes added the power of algebraic methods to geometry. Euclid, who lived around 300 BC in Alexandria, first stated his five postulates in his book The Elements that forms the base for all of his later Abu Abd-Allah ibn Musa al’Khwarizmi, was born abo...