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Carl Rogers and client centered therapy
Is Humanistic Therapy a psychological paradigm
Is Humanistic Therapy a psychological paradigm
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Client-centered therapy also called person-centered therapy was developed from the concepts of humanistic psychology. The humanistic approach views people as capable and, with the ability to resolve their difficulties and realize their potential and change their lives in positive ways. Carl Rogers is a major contributor of the client-centred approach and he emphasized the humanistic perspective as well as ensuring therapeutic relationships. Client-centered therapy focuses on the client's subjective perception of themselves instead of stressing the therapist's expertise or perceptions of the patient.
Currently, the person-centered approach focuses on the client being able to develop a greater understanding of self in an environment which allows the client to resolve his or her own problems without direct intervention by the therapist.Carl Rogers also emphasized the attitudes and personal characteristics of the
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They have a vast potential for understanding themselves and resolving their own issues without any direct intervention of a therapist and they should be capable of self-directed growth of involved in some kind of therapeutic relationship. In client-centered therapy, the therapist's attitude is more important than the therapist's skills. According to client-centered therapy, there are three therapist attitudes or techniques that determine the level of success of therapy: genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding. Genuineness is the most important concept in therapeutic counseling according to Rogers. This refers to the therapist's ability to be authentic and open and honest with the client. When a therapist is genuine, he or she might share their emotional reactions to a clients' problems and experiences. By modeling genuineness, the therapist indirectly encourages the client to exercise their capability more fully in
While CBT has many advantages, it alone does not encompass all of the concepts I believe are necessary to tackle a client’s needs. Therefore, I draw upon concepts from various theories to assist clients in achieving their goals. Pulling from Reality therapy, a key concept I utilize is focusing on what the client is doing and how to get them to evaluate whether they’re present actions are working for them. CBT does use some form of this in the sense that one must examine and establish their cognitive misconceptions; however, I prefer to extract this concept from Reality therapy because CBT tends to do so by focusing on the past. I am a firm believer that while the past can shape who you are, it does little good to remain focused on it. Focusing on overt behavior, precision in specifying the goals of treatment, development of specific treatment plans, and objective evaluation of therapy outcomes all come from Behavior therapy (Corey, 2013, p. 474). Behavior therapy is highly structured much like that of CBT. By utilizing this aspect of Behavior therapy, I am better able to closely observe where a client is currently and where they are headed. Lastly, I pull from Person-Centered therapy as the final key concept of my counseling approach. PCT focuses on the fact that client’s have the potential to become aware of their problems and resolve them (Corey, 2013). This Person-Centered therapy concept has overlap with CBT as
Learning about Client Centered Therapy has opened my eyes to counseling. Roger’s theory of actualizing tendency and theory of self expanded my knowledge of my own self-concept as well as counseling. Rogers explained that every person has an innate drive to self-actualize. In many instances, loved ones put conditions for worth on him/her, which causes incongruence for the person. He/she begins to loose trust in his/her organismic valuing process. By understanding this concept, I am more inclined to stay true to my organismic valuing process. I have trust in my innate ability to lead myself in direction to self-actualizing. It may be challenging when others put conditions of worth on me, but understanding the concept may help me stay true to
This approach emphasizes the importance of the potential of humans and sought to make up for the missing component of conscious in the psychodynamic approach. The humanistic approach oriented psychologist has the belief that human behavior is guided by intent and the individual’s set of values (Association, 2014). Those who subscribe to this orientation believe there are both an unconscious and a conscious element to determining behavior. The unconscious element is considered to be the individual’s application of learned norms and experience, while the conscious element is applied by making deliberate choices and decisions. A humanistic oriented practitioner will use differing types of therapy such as client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy, or existential therapy (American Psychological, 2015). Client-centered therapy or person-centered therapy was developed by Carl Rogers and places the client as the leader of the therapy. This approach allows for the growth and better understanding of self within the individual, as they solve their own problems, while the therapist is there to provide empathetic support (Australian, 2010). Gestalt therapy focuses on the responsibility of the individual for their current situation and considers relationships, environment, and social experiences occurring, and influencing behavior (Polster & Polster, 2010). This process consists of the practitioner acting as a guide and offer advise in helping the client to deal with their current issue. Existential therapy consists of allowing an individual the ability to live with their issues within their own existence (Price, 2011). This means a therapist uses this type of therapy to assist clients with understanding what the present problem is and learning to deal with the consequences of that issue in their every day life. With
A positive relationship between the client and an empathetic therapist provides the client with a safe space and opportunity to express themselves and feel understood and accepted. Building the client-therapist relationship will occur at the onset of therapy, and will continue to be built and maintained throughout the process. A relationship is built through engagement between the two parties, particularly the therapist being involved and interested in what the client is interested in at that time (Cavett, 2015). This includes asking questions to show interest and allowing the client to take the lead on play. In encouraging a supportive relationship, a large component is the client feeling not only understood by the therapist, but also to feel accepted by the therapist throughout the therapeutic process. Building relationship within my therapeutic practice will include providing praise to the client for their effort within therapy, rather than focusing on the quality of how they are doing in therapy. Kottman and Ashby (2015) reflect on this by explaining that this is a way to build confidence within the client and portray to them that they are competent in learning and doing things for themselves. After
The person-centred therapy will guide the individual to realise that they are momentarily lost in their own consciousness and that they do not have a mental disorder, as rogers states and believes that there is no such thing as having a mental disorder, it is just simply a disconnection from the self-potential. Within counselling, it is vital for the counsellor to provide and support the client's growth by showing counselling skills such as an empathic understanding of where the client is coming from, showing genuine remorse and emotions towards the client as in the counsellor themselves are experiencing what the client has experienced and is experiencing currently, (seeing things as the client sees them, being in their shoes). If the counsellor succeeds in creating that therapeutic relationship and trust with the client, the client would be a step closer to self-actualisation. The person-centred theory fits well with bereavement as the theory is based on the human instinct of survival, the therapy relies on the assumption that individuals are capable enough to make their own choice and control their own problems, once they have gained a self-worth of
Person-Centred Counselling established its origins in the late 1940 during a conference when Carl Rogers gave a talk entitled ‘New Concepts in Psychotherapy’. The summarisation of the talk resulted in the theory that the client in a counselling relationship should be at the center of the relationship and lead the counselling process. The Client, in effect became the expert on their life and/or problems. The fundamental belief is that an individual is capable of change, growth and fulfillment (self-concept). Person-Centred counselling looks at ‘the here and now’ and how to make changes that affect the future. Person-Centred Counselling generated a system known as the ‘Core Conditions Model’ which emphasized three key components: Empathy, Congruence and Acceptance.
When the client becomes used to being in the moment with the therapist, the client begins to see how they function within the relationship, it seems the most important thing during these transactions, is the felt sense by both parties that they are truly engaged in a real and open experience. The essence of the experience appears to be more important than the actual words spoken, it is the quality and depth of the experience that seems to bring about the freedom to let go, releasing emotions that have been trapped inside, without fear of judgment or criticism. It appears that as the client begins the journey to search out their inner needs, and set aside other people’s values, the actua...
To explain, the client should not be inferior to the counselor; the environment should be two people discussing an issue and ways to make a difference. A therapist should occasionally share similar experiences; therefore, sessions should make clients feel comfortable. To add, the client should feel safe due to the positive atmosphere the therapist brings to the session. The goal is to finally give the client a chance to be heard, regularly people are muted and feel like they are insignificant to society. Similarly, to Person-centered therapy where communication with the client is unconditionally positive. The therapist needs to genuinely care about the client needs for them to fully express themselves successfully. Furthermore, clients should be encouraging to make their own choices which model how to identify and use power responsibly. Hence, this will help the client feel more confident in everyday life when making a meaningful
The assumption is however, that the client was never able to have their feelings heard by the people surrounding them. Person Centered Therapy would allow the client to then be able to express their feelings openly. According to Strupp (1971), “psychotherapeutic relationship is in principle indistinguishable from any good human relationship in which a person feels fully accepted, respected, and prized” (p. 39). Thus, there must be a therapeutic alliance between therapist and client. This therapeutic alliance should creative an environment for the client in which the client feels the therapist is judgment-free.
Current research implies that an empathetic clinician-client relationship and interrelated ecosystems play the majority role in the success of therapy (Kilpatrick & Holland, 2009). The clinician’s ability to be present and actively perceive what the client is experiencing is of utmost importance in creating a therapeutic alliance. It is imperative that the clinician gains positive regard towards the client and their environment displaying honest acceptance towards the client no matter what issues are presented in session. This closely relates to a sincere presentation of genuineness that instills a feeling of honesty within the client and clinician (Kilpatrick & Holland, 2009). An experienced clinician builds upon the therapeutic
Person-Centered Therapy is an optimistic theory that is categorized in the humanistic approaches to therapy. PC therapy believes that human beings are intrinsically good, and are motivated to be the best that they can be (Carver & Scheier, 2008, p. 346). The theory embodies respect for individuals and values of tolerance and understanding (Brodley, 2007, p. 140). As the name implies the client is responsible for his or her own growth and improvement (Carver & Scheier, 2008, p.344). Rogers' stated that the main assumption of his approach is that “individuals have within themselves vast resources for self-understanding and for altering their self-concepts, basic attitudes, and self- directed behavior” (Rogers, 1980, p.115). One of the underlying assumptions, and main motivation, of Person-Centered Therapy is that human beings possess an innate tendency to grow and meet their full potential, or to self-actualize. Self-actualization is the inherent motivation to reach our highest potential, both emotionally and intellectually (Kosslyn & Rosenberg, 2004, p. 464). Self-actualization moves one towards autonomous behavior and self-sufficiency, it enriches one’s life and enhances their creativity. It also promotes congruence, wholeness, and integration of the person. Rogers describes self-actualizing people as the fully functioning person (Carver & Scheier, 2008, p.322).
The therapist tries to provide the client with a safe, responsive, and caring relationship to develop self-exploration, growth, and healing. (Corey, pg. 177) Person-centered therapy core is that all humans are trustworthy and positive. That people can make changes in the way they live and have effective lives, and try to strive toward self-actualization. The reason for this therapeutic type is to strive towards the right growth conditions for the client, and to help a client move forward and fulfill their creative nature. The main theorist behind person-centered therapy is humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
In the second part of the book Rogers speaks of his ideas of his theory of the person-centered approach to therapy. This is the part of the book that I felt really spoke to me. Person-centered theory is a lot of what I would like to do. I enjoy the ideas and concepts that Rogers presents in his theory. I think that it is extremely important to be able to take into consideration not only the diagnosis of the patient/client with whom you are working, but that it is more important to be able to take the time to sit back and to listen to them. I have realized in the year that I have been working in the psychiatric hospital how important it is for the patient/client to just sit back and listen to what it is they're saying to you. This however does not mean I am only hearing their words, but that I am listening at a much deeper level and actually he...
Reflecting on the Person-Centered Therapy, it is similar to the Existential Therapy because it focuses on the client/therapist relationship, where the therapist needs to be totally genuine, empathetic and non-judgmental toward their clients in order to gain the client’s trust. I like the fact that the Person-Centered Therapy views the client as their best authority on their own experience, and being fully capable of fulfilling their own potential for growth. I also like the fact that the therapist is non-directive, does not give advice and there is no specific technique involved. Person Centered Therapy can basically develop their own technique as their relationship develop with the client.
The person-centred theory it is an approach that emphasize on a person’s subjective point of view (Weiten, 2014). The approach is concerned chiefly with one’s own interests, well-being, etc. Basically the self or self-concept (Rogers, 1959). Rogers (1959) state the person-centred approach, as an approach that apply the person-centred approach to the therapy situation; and to understand human relationship in different areas of life such as psychotherapy and counselling (client-centred therapy), education (student-centred learning) organization and other group setting (Rogers, 1959).