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Need of self actualization theory
Summary of maslow theory of human motivation
Summary of maslow theory of human motivation
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1. Introduction Humanistic approach focuses on human existence, where people have unique qualities that include creativity, freewill or freedom, potential and personal growth. People like Carl Rogers who have brought about person-centred theory and Abraham Maslow who has developed a hierarchy of needs, where he emphasized on self-actualization. There is an evaluation on both Rogers and Maslow theories, on how they are based on their own assumptions and views, and I apply Maslow’s theory of self-actualization into my own personal life. 2. Description in detail of the Humanistic theories by Rogers (person-centred) and Maslow (self-actualization) and the evaluation of both theories. 2.1 Rogers (person-centred theory) humanistic theory: The person-centred theory it is an approach that emphasize on a person’s subjective point of view (Weiten, 2014). The approach is concerned chiefly with one’s own interests, well-being, etc. Basically the self or self-concept (Rogers, 1959). Rogers (1959) state the person-centred approach, as an approach that apply the person-centred approach to the therapy situation; and to understand human relationship in different areas of life such as psychotherapy and counselling (client-centred therapy), education (student-centred learning) organization and other group setting (Rogers, 1959). Self-actualization happens when a person’s ideal self (who they want to be) is corresponding or congruent in character with their actual behaviour (self-image) (Rogers, 1959). A person who is actualizing is considered as fully functioning person (Rogers, 1959). This implies that the person is in touch with his or her feeling and experiences, which are continuously growing and changing. According to Weiten (2014) ”Incongruenc... ... middle of paper ... ... strive to develop them to feel good of becoming myself. So I always tell myself I may look like my father, but I will never behave like him. I will continue to try to help him in any way, and pursue my studies in order to become a professional social worker who tries to make life better for all people and help them to look forward for tomorrow . 3. Conclusion The humanistic approach has been discussed. This has been captured by Maslow’s theory of self-actualization which is about psychological growth; fulfilment and satisfaction in life and Rogers’s believe that people can have a conception of themselves. I have evaluated Rogers’s therapy about its ineffectiveness in severe illness and how Maslow’s theory of self-actualization was researched from biased case studies. I have also applied Maslow’s theory of self-actualization to my personal everyday life honestly.
The some similarities between the Humanistic and the Psychodynamic theoretical approaches is that there are some parallels between Humanistic concepts of self, self- concept and self-actualization to Psychodynamic (Freud’s) theory on personality structure. The Humanistic
The humanistic theory ties into the humanistic perspective. This was first thought of my Abraham Maslow. Unlike the behaviorists, humanistic psychologists believe that humans are not solely the product of their environment. Rather humanistic psychologists study human meanings, understandings, and experiences involved in growing, teaching, and learning. They emphasize characteristics that are shared by all human beings such as love, grief, caring, and self-worth. Humanistic psychologists study how people are influenced by their self-perceptions and the personal meanings attached to their experiences. Humanistic psychologists are not primarily concerned with instinctual drives, responses to external stimuli, or past experiences. Rather, they consider conscious choices, responses to internal needs, and current circumstances to be important in shaping human
Abraham Maslow is known as the father of the humanistic psychology; an approach that look at people from a more optimistic perspective than the behavioral and psychoanalytical approach do. For instance, Maslow held that neurotics and person with abnormal behaviors are not the best representation of the humanity; by the contrary, are those who live a normal life and become self-actualize. Abraham Maslow’s theory states that every single human being have the innate potential to become an achiever driven by inborn needs. His researches were not made on animals, or mental illness people’s case studies, because his ideology; if not, in successful human being such as Franklin D. Roosevelt to found what make does people been high achievers. By successful human being Maslow means rich, full and satisfied human being. The film The Pursuit of Happyness is a case study about Christ Gardner a man whose life may be used as a perfect portray of the Maslow’s Theory.
The humanistic perspective on personality deals exclusively with human behavior. Humanistic psychologists believe that human nature includes a natural drive towards personal growth, that humans have the freedom to choose what they do regardless of environmental factors, and humans are mostly conscious beings and are not controlled by unconscious needs and conflicts. They also believe that a person's subjective view of the world is more important than objective reality. Two of the humanistic theorists that have made an impact of humanism are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Maslow’s self actualization theory states that self actualized people has a sense of realism, often motivated by a strong sense of personal ethics and responsibility, characterized by having frequent peak experiences, does not conform to other people's ideas of happiness or contentment, value their privacy and enjoy solitude, generally have a thoughtful sense of humor, and a tendency to be open, unconventional and spontaneous.
This assignment will discus the humanistic theories by Carl Roger (persn-centred) and Abraham (self-actualisation) and evaluate both theories. It will also apply Abraham Maslow to my own life. Humanistic theory is a psychological term which examine the human behaivour. How can the impact be understood and when was the humanistic psychology expanded? Well the impacts can be understood in three major areas which are values for understanding human nature, methods in human behaivour and range of methods in psychology. The influence of humanist expanded in the 1920s and 1980s.
Founded by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers in the 1960’s. (Ciccarelli & White, 2015) Researched as a response to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytical perspective and B.F. Skinner’s behavioristic perspective. (Ciccarelli & White, 2015) Humanism or the humanistic perspective focuses on how things that happen externally affect us. It delved into the idea of free-will and self-actualization. (Ciccarelli & White, 2015) It focused on how people direct the way they live their own lives. In present day this perspective is used as a form of psychotherapy. (Ciccarelli & White, 2015)
Humanistic psychology relies on client centred therapy and the idea that each individual has the potential to achieve a position in their psyche named self actualisation. Humanistic psychology differs from psychodynamic theory in that it is optimistic about the human psyche and does not view conflict as inevitable. Humanistic psychology assumes people attach meaning to their unique perspectives on the world and that behaviour is strongly influenced by this. Carl Rogers defined the healthy personality as being one that had congruence between the perceived self and the experienced self and that the individual in question experienced unconditional positive regard from their parent or guardian. He defined an unhealthy personality as being one which lacked these components. Abraham Maslow alternatively suggested a hierarchy for which a person’s healthy personality could be measured by stages of psychological and physical needs (see diagram 2). He suggested that, for a person to achieve self actualisation and become a fully functioning person, they must first satisfy all the needs of each level in the pyramid before moving onto the next
In concluding, Abraham Maslow’s self-actualization focused on what motivates and desires humans to reach their potential. He may have thought finding self-actualization was nearly impossible, but everyone can find their own potential inside of them because everyone was created equal. They just need to find out who they really are and accept who they are to find their potential. For some people it may come easy to find their potential and fulfillment in life, but for others they might need to hit rock bottom to figure out what they are really made of.
Self-actualization is, “the drive to develop our innate potential to the fullest possible extent,” (561). Carl Rogers was the best-known humanistic theorist and he came up with three components that contribute to our personalities as: organism, self, and conditions of worth. The organism describes our natural and genetically influenced selves just the way it is. The self is the set of beliefs about who we are as an individual. The conditions of worth are the outlooks we create and put on ourselves as appropriate or inappropriate behavior. Furthermore, Abraham Maslow focused on people who were self-actualized and he concluded that they were creative, self-confident people but not selfish. An advantage to this theory is that Maslow’s findings made way for today’s positive psychology. On the other hand, a disadvantage to that is the fact that his work was very problematic. Another disadvantage is that is claims the importance of free will and individual choices, but comparative psychology researchers argue that not all human nature is positive. There is evidence that we are aggressive animals. Also, humanistic models are challenging to
Humanistic psychology is the field most related to the study of positive human experience. Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers’ are from a Humanistic approach to thought and are two of the founders of Humanistic psychology. Rogers’ and Maslow engaged with an idea of self-actualization and characteristics to accomplish it. Carl Rogers’' therapy was created from his belief that people have the ability to move themselves toward better functioning by finding and expressing their genuine selves. Maslow’ therapy was the process by which individuals could become self-actualized, a state in which they had access to the full range of their talents and strengths. These talents and strengths, which Maslow referred to as characteristic of a self-actualized
The Humanistic Approach emerged as a reaction to Psychodynamic and Cognitive Behavioural Therapies in the 1950’s. It is often referred to as the ‘third force’ in psychology as it came after Psychoanalysis and Behaviourism. The two major names associated with this approach are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Carl Rogers maintained that an individual could recognise their strengths and be able to self-direct or self-heal in therapy while recognising self growth, responsibility and autonomy. Abraham Maslow developed his theory evaluating healthy individuals and recognising that when someone’s needs are met in the correct order it allows them self actualisation thus being a fully able person.
Self-actualization is an idea originating from the Humanistic psychological theory and particularly created by Abraham Maslow. The humanistic school of thought in psychology is the third force in psychology that attempts to regain the self, supporting that individuals do have free will and has the power to change for the better. Humanistic psychology was developed as a response to psychoanalysis and behaviorism focusing on individuality, personal growth and the concept of self-actualization. While early schools of thought were mostly concentrated on abnormal human behavior, humanistic psychology is different because of its emphasis on helping individuals achieve and fulfill their potential. The two main contributors to this school of thought
Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs model suggests that human needs will only be fulfilled one level at a time. According to this theory, when a human ascends the levels of the hierarchy and have fulfilled the needs in the hierarchy, one may achieve self-actualization. Later in his life, he concluded that self- actualization was not an automatic outcome of satisfying the other human needs.
This psychology perspective emphasizes individuals ' inherent drive towards self-actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one 's own capabilities and creativity. It helps the client gain the belief that all people are inherently good. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence and pays special attention to such phenomena as creativity, free will, and positive human potential. It encourages viewing ourselves as a "whole person" greater than the sum of our parts and encourages self exploration rather than the study of behavior in other people. Humanistic psychology acknowledges spiritual aspiration as an integral part of the human psyche. It is linked to the emerging field of transpersonal psychology. As per usual, there are advantages and limitations to this particular theory. One of the greatest strengths of humanistic psychology is that it emphasizes individual choice and responsibility. Humanistic psychology satisfies most people 's idea of what being human means because it values personal ideals and self-fulfillment. Finally, humanistic psychology provides researchers with a flexible framework for observing human behavior because it considers a person in the context of his environment and in conjunction with his personal perceptions and feelings. As with any viewpoint, humanistic psychology has its critics. One major criticism of humanistic psychology is that its concepts are too vague. Critics