Pancreas Histology The pancreas can be divided into two sections when studying the histology. The pancreas has exocrine and endocrine functions, each with unique cell types. The exocrine pancreas serves to secrete digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Some of the specific enzymes and secreted substances are Proteases, lipase, amylase, bicarbonate, and water (Bowen, “Exocrine Secretions”). These enzymes are used to break down protein, fat, and carbohydrates respectively. The bicarbonate simply act as an acid buffer to prevent damage of the small intestine as the stomach acid must be neutralized. The enzymes are created in acinar cells and the bicarbonate is synthesized in epithelial cells surrounding pancreatic ducts (Bowen “Exocrine …show more content…
According to Bowen, There are four different types of ducts which all end up emptying into the main pancreatic duct. Intercalated ducts are lined by cuboidal epithelium and receive the secretions from acinar and duct cells. (“Pancreatic Histology”). Intralobular ducts receive secretions from the intercalated ducts and are lined by cuboidal epithelium (“Pancreatic Histology”). Interlobular ducts receive secretions from the intralobular ducts into the main pancreatic duct and reside in connective tissue between the lobules that divide up the pancreas (“Pancreatic Histology”). Finally, the main pancreatic duct transmits secretions from the interlobular ducts and empties into the duodenum after joining with the bile duct (“Pancreatic …show more content…
Frequent urination results from the body trying to excrete the excess glucose and thirst follows as dehydration sets in. Hunger, fatigue, mental fogginess, irritability, and mood changes result from a deficiency in ATP as the body cannot produce enough purely through fat metabolism via ketones. Acetone breath quickly follows as the body starts to upregulate fat metabolism in an attempt to use ketones for ATP production. This metabolic pathway creates various ketones, but one ketone acetone, is toxic and is excreted via the lungs. It can be detected as a “fruity” odor in the breath. This upregulation of fat metabolism creates a crisis known as diabetic ketoacidosis which can lead to a coma or even death (Harvey, 2012). Another life threatening acute symptom which is not as common in type 1 as type 2 diabetes is hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketonic syndrome or HHNS which can result in serious consequences such as a coma or even death. It is caused by increasing blood sugar and dehydration without the presence of ketones (Harvey, 2012). It can be caused by severe infection, severe illness, and medications that reduce glucose tolerance and increase fluid loss (Harvey, 2012). The various acute symptoms of type 1 diabetes are just as deadly as the long term effects of poor blood sugar
Homeostasis is the biological process that maintains a stable internal environment despite what occurs in the external environment. Chemicals and bodily functions are maintained in a balanced state so the body may function optimally. There are various systems in the human body that require maintenance through the processes of biochemical checks and balances so they may function properly. One of these systems includes the rise and fall of blood glucose and is under the control of the homeostatic regulation process. Homeostasis is essential in blood glucose regulation as high blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia) and low blood glucose levels (hypoglycaemia) are dangerous and can affect the human body in many ways and can also lead
The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in is related to the insulin hormone. Insulin is secreted by cells in the pancreas and is responsible for regulating the level of glucose in the bloodstream. It also aids the body in breaking down the glucose to be used as energy. When someone suffers from diabetes, however, the body does not break down the glucose in the blood as a result of abnormal insulin metabolism. When there are elevated levels of glucose in the blood, it is known as hyperglycemia. If the levels continue to remain high over an extended period of time, damage can be done to the kidneys, cardiovascular systems; you can get eye disorders, or even cause nerve damage. When the glucose levels are low in one’s body, it is called hypoglycemia. A person begins to feel very jittery, and possibly dizzy. If that occurs over a period of time, the person can possibly faint. Diabetes mellitus occurs in three different forms - type 1, type 2, and gestational.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious disease with complications that may have fatal results in some cases. DKA is defined as an insulin deficiency that occurs when glucose fails to enter insulin into muscles such as: liver and adipose tissue. When there is an accumulation of ketones, it leads to metabolic acidosis which causes nausea and vomiting, as a result fluid and electrolytes are lost (Gibbs). There are many complications of diabetic ketoacidosis, some of the most prevalent are: Cerebral Edema, Hypoglycemia, and Acute Pancreatitis.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious disease with complications that may have fatal results in some cases. DKA is defined as an insulin deficiency that occurs when glucose fails to enter insulin into muscles such as: liver and adipose tissue. When there is an accumulation of ketones, it leads to metabolic acidosis which causes nausea and vomiting, as a result fluid and electrolytes are loss (Gibbs). There are many complications of diabetic ketoacidosis, some of the most prevalent are: Cerebral Edema, Hypolglycemia, and Acute Pancreatitis.
Epithelia tissue : Epithelial tissue, the type of tissue that lines the surfaces and cavities of your body 's organs, epithelia may be composed of several layers of cells called compound epithelia or just a single layer known as simple epithelia.
The pancreas is composed of exocrine and endocrine tissues. The exocrine portion of the pancreas synthesizes and secretes pancreatic juices. The endocrine portion is composed of miniscule islands of cells, called the islets of Langerhans. These islets of Langerhans do not release their secretions into the pancreatic ducts. Instead, they release hormones into the blood stream, and these hormones in turn help control blood glucose levels (Function of the Pancreas). Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin, which
I have chosen to write about the constellation Cancer (The Crab). I chose Cancer because it is one of only a handful of constellations that I am actually able to identify in the night sky. Cancer is one of the twelve Zodiac constellations; people whose birthdays fall between June 21st and July 22nd have Cancer as their sign. Cancer is the Latin word for crab, and despite the fact that the constellation looks more like a lobster then a crab, it is still referred to as a crab. The constellation is visible from the northern hemisphere from late winter to early spring.
The earliest beginnings of anatomy could be traced back to the Egyptians in 1600 B.C.E., when early examinations of sacrificial victims were taking place. From this time, scholars have found the earliest medical document, known as the Edwin Smith Papyrus, in which it described early anatomical observations made by the Egyptians, most likely due to their knowledge gained from mummification. The papyrus displayed organs such as the bladder, uterus, kidneys, liver, spleen, heart, and blood vessels.
There are many symptoms of type one diabetes. They include drinking irritability, excessive urination, extreme weight loss, feeling very hungry or tired, sores that don’t heal and blurry eyesight. The cause of type one diabetes is unknown, although genetic tendency and childhood infections are two possibilities. The pancreas undergoes a change and cells that normally produce insulin are destroyed. This may be a result of the body’s own immune system believing the pancreas is a foreign organ. Also, type one diabetes often appears at times of physical stress and during illness when the body produces extra ...
Sweet smelling urine happens all them time along with feeding difficulties, poor weight gain, and mental retardation. Comas happen in irregulars patterns along with lethargy, seizures, vomiting, and nausea. This happens because the acids that BCKD is suppose to break down is building up and because of that, it also makes it’s byproduct, keto acid, and too much of this acid is toxic and that is why you face comas and the other symptoms.
The pancreas is located in the middle of the abdomen. It’s surrounded by the stomach, small intestine, liver and spleen. It’s about six inches long and shaped like a thin pear, wide at one end. It has three sections: wider right end is the head, the middle is the body and the left end is the tail.
The pancreas is one of the essential organs in the human body and belongs in the Digestive system. Out of all the internal organs, the pancreas is unique because the pancreas plays a role in both the endocrine gland and the exocrine gland. This means that the pancreas is a dual function gland in which is the reason why the pancreas is such a vital part of the digestive system. This research paper will talk about the anatomy, physiology, and the important functions the pancreas play to maintain homeostasis.
Common tissues and structures found in accessory organs are ducts that secrete created digestive enzymes, like the pancreatic duct, collecting ducts from salivary glands, and the gallbladder that receives bile through the cystic duct. Accessory organs also have cells that produce either enzymes of hormones. Pancreatic acinar cells creates digestive enzymes whilst Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin and glucagon. Parotid and submandibular glands produce digestive enzymes and sublingual glands secrete a mucous saliva. Finally, hepatocytes produce digestive bile.
Diabetic ketoacidosis also called DKA is a very serious and life threating complication of diabetes in which the body produces excessive blood acids called ketones. This condition occurs when there is not enough insulin in the body which prevents the transport of glucose into the cells for energy. When this happens the glucose then stays in the blood stream instead of entering the cells. The body must have glucose to make energy and every cell in the body needs energy to carry out its most basic tasks, therefore the body begins to breakdown fat and muscle to get its energy source. This causing the production of ketones which stay in the blood stream altering the body’s natural chemical balance sending it into acidosis.
The pancreas is located in the abdomen and is a 6 inch long gland.(Cherath) The pancreas is in front of the spine, but behind the stomach, and has a loop that is formed by a small intestine.The wide end of the pancreas the called the head, the middle of the pancreas is called the body, and the end of the pancreas is called the