1. INTRODUCTION:
An accident or hazard are inevitable and frequently occurring events that turns up immediately and unexpectedly leading to some negative consequences. If we look into an academic definition of a hazard, it can be defined as any external agent which can possess a threat to human life, animals, sea life and our surrounding environment through physical, chemical, environmental or mechanical mode of contamination (Kungwani 2014). Often when two particular terms are put under consideration that is risk and hazard, there is miss-interpretation of definitions for both the terms as people consider risk and hazard the same thing. Risk is differentiated from hazard in a sense that it defines the probability of occurrence of unexpected
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Risk analysis can be well defined in two categories that is assessment of risks and management of risks (Tularam & Attili 2012). Risk assessment comprises of various sub processes like risk identification, risk evaluation and calculating the probability of occurrence of unexpected event and its severity rate. Second category deals with the management of risk in terms of what necessary actions to be taken in order to deal with the identified risks associated with a particular risk event. Risk analysis process is considered to be successor of a hazard or an accident that and plays a significant role in confronting numerous risks associated with unexpected or sudden events that leads to negative outcomes. Importance of Risk analysis lies in the fact that it acts as a framework in order to track down the almost all significant risks associated with an event along with their probabilities of occurrence and how severe can be the consequences resulting from that particular event. In addition to this, it enhances our efficiency to deal with identified risks through prioritization process which allows us to deal firstly with most significant and highly rated risks and minor risks to be put under investigation so …show more content…
2006). The root causes responsible for the incident were wrong calculations made for the level of oil in the tanker and at what rate transfer of the oil was performed. Furthermore, a recent incident of multiple tank fire was reported in Puerto Rico where in year 2009, it was the midnight of 23 October when a sudden explosion was noticed over the sky of Cape Bruny port situated in Puerto Rico due to the overflow of a gasoline tank that flows down to waste water treatment area and vapor cloud got ignited due to some electrical influence of any source leading to bombastic explosion which cause multiple tank fires and 17 tankers were effected due to this explosion and fire was controlled after time of 60 respective hours due to inefficiency and inexperience of local fire fighters to deal with multiple tank fires. (Taylor
Department of health (2007) say that there are 3 types of risk assessment:the unstructured clinical approach, the actuarial approach and the structured clinical approach (DOH 2007). Many Mental health Professionals over the past years have used the unstructured clinical approach to risk assess. This is based on your experience and judgement to assess the risk. However this way has been criticized for not being structured and this then leads to inconsistency and to be unreliable (Turner and Tummy 2008). This approach would not be useful for the case with Julie as she is not known to services and every person is different as you may not have seen her symptoms before if you base the risk assessment on experience.
“Insurance tends to increase demand and make patients less price sensitive, which increases prices overall.”
There are various reasons why risk assessments are put in place. Risk assessments can be used to assess the environments that we work in, the risks staff may be exposed to, the risks to the individual and the risks of the equipment that is in place. Once the risk assessment process has been completed it will help all concerned to thin about ant potential hazards there may be in the situation or activity and the ways risks to the individual others cane be minimized. Taking risks is part of being able to choose and be in control of your life. It is important that concerns about risks do not get in the way of people living their lives in the way they want to. We must ensure we make the individual aware of all risks for them to be able to make their
The purposes of this paper are to describe how to assess the validity of risk assessment tools using several easy-to-follow formulas and to demonstrate using calculations and methodology to compare risk assessment screening tools. Since some of the terminology may not be familiar, definitions are provided so the reader can refer to them while practicing the calculations (Textbox 1).
• Adverse events: An unintentional act that does not accomplish its outcome such as medication errors and adverse drug events or reactions. • Hazardous Condition: It is any set of conditions, which considerably increases the likelihood of a severe physical or mental adverse patient outcome without the disease or situation for which the patient is being treated for. • Sentinel Event: Is a sudden event comprising death or severe physical or mental injury or the risk. It includes any process variation for which a repetition would significantly carry a chance of serious adverse outcome e.g. loss function. • Root Cause Analysis: It comprises of Investigation, Analysis, Coordination and Reporting of incidence or sentinel occurrence which the results are forwarded to Patient Safety Committee and is the reviewed by appropriate entities for further, in-depth evaluation, review and responses for
The intentional or accidental release of a hazardous material is responsible for major injury or fatality
We spend the time and effort to project cumulative risks because like the dentition says, it measure of the total of risks that events will happen during a given period of time. This is a way to be ready for future events. It’s better to be prepared for what it is going to happen than don't at all. I think having an idea about future events can prevent things from happening. For example, a woman with no known risk factor for heart attacks or cancer has a cumulative risk of getting a heart attack and cancer over a lifetime of 90 years about 13%. Which it means that one out of every eight women will get heart attack or cancer by the age of 90 years old. The fact of knowing can help a lot of women out there. Also, helps specialists to work in
To minimize the chances of such disasters, humans engage in risk assessment. We calculate the chances of each choice resulting in an unfavorable outcome, rank the choices from lest to most likely to end in disaster and pick the top result. This process is performed countless times throughout one’s life, but hardly ever consists of an actual mathematical equation. However, there are some who do quantify risk numerically. Actuaries use the ideas of probability and game theory to objectively assess the risk in a variety of chances. They may calculate the risk of one’s house being flooded, or of one falling ill. They may calculate the risk of an investment losing money, or of a plane crashing. Actuaries implement the ideas of applied mathematics for those who cannot do so themselves, and eventually figure the means by which a client can minimize the risks facing them. Yes, actuaries do figure insurance rates, but they also do so much more. As I researched the field of actuarial science, I decided that actuary should be synonymous with mathematical risk manager, for actuaries are responsible for figuring risk, minimizing risk, and minimizing the impacts of disasters that have already occurred. They complete these tasks objectively and with the power of my favorite subject, mathematics.
A candidly of risk occurs in every organisation. Governance principals and the occupational health and safety urge that the organisations take reasonable measures to hinder loss, charge or rage to the organisational and all stakeholders/management. Injury and accidents can even happen ultimately with stringent OHS and the fact that an accident when occurs, does not mean that someone is liable if all responsible steps for prevention or minimisation has been taken.
As the first step, identify potential risks plays a crucial role in the risk management process. The core purpose of identifying risk is to figure out causes of risk and analyze result caused by the risks and its probability . Hence, risk identification can begin with the source of problem, or with the problem itself. The chosen method of identifying risk may depend on culture, industry practice and compliance. The identification
Have you ever been faced with a decision that you knew what you should have done but chose differently? At one point in a person’s life, everyone experiences making a risky decision, and depending on the decision it may play out in favor of what that person was hoping for, other times not. The studied performed is called Risky Decisions and it takes into account the idea of a framing effect where an outcome of a decision can almost be predicted based off of the wording (Kahneman and Tversky, 1982). The point of this experiment is to discover if people take risks that involve any type of gain if loss is a possibility opposed to the idea of risk aversion when there are only gains. “Risky” has different definitions depending on the person that is asked and how the context is framed, but it all breaks down to the expected utility theory based off of the idea that if a person has relevant information they will make a decision based off of the maximum expected utility (Goldstein 2011). Utility normally refers to monetary value, but other factors such as emotions, stress, and even video games can lead to an individual making risky decisions to experience a better payoff in the end because people feel the need to justify their decisions to others.
A hazard is a potential damage, adverse health or harm that may effects something or someone at any conditions. Other than that, the risk may be high or low, that somebody could be harmed depending on the hazards. Risk assessment is a practice that helps to improve higher quality of the develop process and manufacturing process. It is also a step to examine the failure modes of the product in order to achieve higher standard of safety and product reliability. Unfortunately, it is common that a product safety risk assessments are not undertaken, or not carried out effectively by manufacturer. Mostly an unsafe and unreliable product was produced and launched on to the market. Thus, the safety problems are mostly identified after an accident happened or after manufacturing problems arisen. In order to prevent risk, a person should take enough precautions or should do more to prevent them because as a user should be protected from harm that usually caused by a failure for whom did not take reasonable control measures.
Identification of the risk can simply be done by doing brainstorming with the team members. As Dr. McCarville said, there is no right or wrong answers. Every input is important and can really affect the process. Other beneficial tool is Fishbone Diagram.
Accidents is defined as an unplanned and undesired circumstances resulting in injuries, fatalities and loss or damage of property or assets(safety.ILO, 2011). Accidents are much deeper and beyond the older clichés, accounting to bad luck or fate, almighty’s work or simply being at wrong place at wrong time. But, in todays scientific world it is neither perceived as fate nor as deity’s work but a social problem resulting from a chain of undesired events. Preventing accidents is very arduous task without knowledge of accident phenomenon and the study in the field of accident phenomenon has been very diverse but a basic question has always been raised as why does accident occur? Can there be some common pattern to it? To unravel these mysteries and predict and prevent accidents several theories and model has been postulated in the past and recent times with each having some explanatory and predictive values.
In the past, the term "accident" was often used when referring to an unplanned, unwanted event. To many "accident" suggests an event that was random, and could not have been prevented. Since nearly all work site fatalities, injuries, and illnesses are preventable, OSHA suggests using the term "incident" investigation. An incident usually refers to an unexpected event that did not cause injury or damage this time but had the potential. "Near miss" or "dangerous occurrence" are also terms for an event that could have caused harm but did not.