Essay On Positive And Negative Reinforcement

This paper is based on existed research on the use of positive and negative reinforcement in any educational settings. It also talks about how the use of these reinforcements might have an impact on the behavior of the students instead of the used of punishment. It also talks about why many educators don’t use reinforcement in their classrooms, and why reinforcements are misunderstood or why some educators think that they don’t work. Also how reinforcement can be a motivation for students to be successful in their schoolwork if they are reinforce and having confidence that if they have a positive behavior they will be notice by the teacher for doing something good and not just by misbehaving and being noticed by the teacher like an article

The purpose of the study in this article was to identify positive and negative reinforcement practices in the educational institutions, the results show that the use of reinforcement practice enhance the motivation of the students. The motivation of the student depended on the intrinsic motivation how driven by the personal interest or enjoyment rather than external pressure, and on extrinsic motivation which comes from outside of oneself like money, grades, etc. (Ali, 2011). The study recorded what types of positive and negative reinforcement where used by teachers. The recorded data indicated that positive verbal reinforcement was frequently used by teachers, and that negative verbal reinforcement was occasionally used by the teachers. According to Ali it has being prove that the use of positive and negative reinforcement play a vital role in the motivation and achievement, it is suggested that teachers use positive reinforcement in the form of extrinsic intrinsic reinforcers. And that negative reinforcement only has short time effect on the student motivation (Ali,

Educators find punishment a more acceptable approach for many reasons. The article argues for educators to begin the practice of positive reinforcement to increase positive behavior instead of risking negative behavior by using punishment. “Positive reinforcement is a universal principle that is in effect regardless of the age, gender, culture, or disability of a child (Wielkiewicz, 1995)” (Maag, 2001). Maag, in the article asks about why, if positive reinforcement is a universal technique why is not part of the college and university course training for educational careers. As Maag quoted Axelrod (1996) that the lack of popularity and professional acceptability of positive reinforcement might be because this task requires time, has little to no compensation for educators and contradict popular views of development psychology. Which contradicts punishment which is widely accepted by society as a disciplinary technique. According to Maag, Axelrod (1996) recommendations were not welcome