How does a person increase their chances of heart disease, stroke and peripheral artery disease all in the same way? By having increased cholesterol levels (Wedro, 2014). It is estimated that 71 million Americans have high cholesterol, and of those, only one-third of them have it under control (CDC, 2011). A reduction in LDL cholesterol has been shown to decrease the prevalence of strokes and heart attacks. That being said, it has also been shown that cholesterol levels above 200mg/dL put an individual at twice the risk for coronary heart disease than persons with levels 180mg/dL or less (Mann, 2014). There are numerous risks associated with high cholesterol, luckily many factors that can help control it such as medications, exercise and nutrition (Filho, 2013). Exercise training has been supported to show improved changes in blood lipid panels (Greene, 2012). This paper is going to analyze the effects that exercise and diet can have on lowering total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as looking into ways that can help to increase levels of HDL cholesterol. Maintaining cholesterol in the recommend range has been shown eliminate 20,000 myocardial infarctions and 8,000 deaths each year. Saving money is not as important as life saving tactics, but studies suggest that controlled cholesterol could reduce billions of health care costs that are related to elevated cholesterol levels annually (CDC, 2011). Elevated cholesterol levels are associated with limited access to health care; therefore looking into areas of lifestyle changes for health care benefits that are low cost and effective would be valuable (CDC, 2011).
Description of Search:
The process used in searching for articles started in CINA...
... middle of paper ...
...the study the participants had to be female and obtain permission from a doctor to clear them for physical activity. The setting was semi-naturalistic. Participants were randomly assigned to the control or the experimental group. Measurements were taken for BMI and blood pressure, as well as a blood sample to determine the participant’s baseline. They were also assessed for activity tolerance, agility and flexibility. The participants in the experimental group underwent 16 weeks of exercise training that consisted of walking, stretching and balance exercises. The classes were held three-times per week, for a duration of about 60-70 minutes. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in all variables measured in the experimental group. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and VLDL cholesterols as well as BMI and blood pressure had all decreased.
Thompson, P. D., Buchner, D., Pina, I. L., Balady, G. J., Williams, M. A., Marcus, B. H., ... Wenger, N. K. (2003). Exercise in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology. Journal of the American Heart Association, 3110-3116. http://dx.doi.org/doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000075572.40158.77
Harvard Medical Group “Best medicine: The science of exercise shows benefits beyond weight …..loss.” Harvard Heart Letter. 23(11) (2013) 6
Why do we need to exercise? With out exercise many of our bodies arteries in the cardiovascular system can become clogged and bring on much unwanted cardiovascular diseases. Exercising regularly helps us maintain a healthy weight if already fi...
Since 1960 the age-adjusted mortality rates for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has declined steadily in the U.S. due to multiple factors, but still remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Greater control of risk factors and improved treatments for cardiovascular disease has significantly contributed to this decline (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). In the U.S. alone it claims approximately 830,000 each year and accounts for 1/6 of all deaths under the age of 65 (Weiss and Lonnquist, 2011). Based on the 2007 mortality rate data an average of 1 death every 37 seconds is due to cardiovascular disease (Lloyd-Jones et al., 2009). Controlling and reducing risk factors is crucial for saving lives. There are a number of contributing risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which may appear in the form of hereditary, behavioral, and psychological, all of which ultimately converge in social or cultural factors.
Dietary Factors in Preventing Heart Disease As coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in the UK, more attention should be paid to preventing the disease. Many patients suffering from heart disease realise that it was mainly caused by their diet. Research has shown that elevated levels of LDL cholesterol are associated with increased risk of heart disease. “ Studies indicate that for every 1% elevation in the bad cholesterol there is a 2% increase in risk of heart disease” (A leaflet on heart disease.)
Notably, physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality, resulting in 6% of deaths globally (http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/pa/en/: last accessed on 30 April 2016). Characteristically, public health practice addresses the physical activity and exercise in a broader sense, focusing on the communities, populations and settings. On the other hand, due to the advancement in healthcare technologies, Clinical Exercise Science has made it possible to incorporate physical activity and various exercise modalities into healthcare practice in a way that a response at organism (e.g., humans, animals), organ system (e.g., musculoskeletal system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system), organ (e.g., heart, skeletal muscles, bones), and cellular (e.g., immune system cells, red blood cells) level can be examined, both in healthy people and patients with acute or chronic clinical conditions and disabilities. However, body of scientific evidence generated through the research in Clinical Exercise Science has its implications not only in clinical practice, but also in public health practice. This is one of the main reasons why I would like to join the Clinical Research Science Ph.D. program at the Potsdam
This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Both groups in the study followed a normal diet and exercised for 30 minutes per day. The study lasted for 12 weeks.
The tendency to build up high cholesterol may run in families, but extremely high levels are usually the result of a poor diet high in saturated fats and calories, along with little or no exercise. In some cases, high levels of cholesterol may be associated with undiagnosed medical symptoms such as diabetes or low thyroid function. According to the American Heart Association, there would eventually be a 50 percent lower rate of heart disease if Americans would lower their blood cholesterol levels by 25 percent. These statements find confirmation in a 1984 report done by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institution on the results of a 10 year study. It showed that for every 1 percent of lowered cholesterol, the chances of a heart attack are lowered by 2 percent.
Vuori, I 2007, ‘Physical activity and health: Metabolic and cardiovascular issues’, Advances in Physiotherapy, vol. 9 pp. 50-64, April.
Six moths ago I scheduled a physical and blood work, a month later I was diagnosed with high cholesterol. My total cholesterol levels were at 250, with and LDL of 150, which puts me at a higher risk of cardiovascular illness. I was given the option of changing my eating habits with a combination of exercise to manage and lower my cholesterol levels, thus avoiding the need for medication. The dr. was very supportive, he had many helpful suggestions and showed me several ways in which I could lower my cholesterol by making simple food choices. After a long discussion I decided this was the way to go, I hate taking medication. When I reviewed the analysis report and saw that my cholesterol continues to be above the recommended range I let out a huge sigh, it took a few seconds to compose myself before I continued to look over it. This whole time I thought I had maintained my cholesterol under control, the analysis report proved that I was wrong. It is important that I make changes on how I eat. High cholesterol is indicative of cardiovascular illnesses that possibly result in serious chronic diseases. Diseases that are linked to high cholesterol are Coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes and high blood pressure. The main risk from cholesterol is heart attacks. If the cholesterol remains high, it can build up overtime in the walls of the arteries forming a build up known as plaque. This plaque will cause the arteries
Physical inactivity can lead to chronic diseases such as cancer, obesity, hypertension, depression, and an increased risk in premature death. In a study with middle-aged men and women, exercise reduced the risk of premature death by about 20-35%. Being active, in general, reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by about 50%. Even minimum training intensity reduced the risk by 45% in heart disease patients. At first, health care professionals recommended rest and physical activity for patients with heart disease. With constant advances in medicine, professionals have learned that the benefits of physical activity outweigh the risks. In type two diabetes patients, physical activity improves the glucose homeostasis, meaning it balances insulin and glucagon in maintain a healthy blood glucose. Even small improvements in physical activity significantly reduce health risks caused by inactivity. And especially in postmenopausal women, activity prevents the loss of bone mineral density. In a study conducted on rate, physical inactivity over the course of 2 weeks showed a significant change in the shape of the brain’s neurons. Although this study was done with rats, health care professionals think that there are very similar effects in the human brain. For older people, physical activity can be worrisome because of some of the risks, such as injury. However, the benefits prolong life, even if the physical activity is just taking the stairs more
Exercise can benefit an individual in many ways. Through research I have found several articles which have been written throughout the years that address these benefits. Some of these benefits are to prevent diseases, to improve stamina, to strengthen and tone, to enhance flexibility, to control weight, and to improve quality of life. All of these benefits will be address throughout this paper. However, even though exercise does benefits an individual, it does also depends on their circumstances. For example, exercise can be done to help with a pregnancy and after a pregnancy, to control diabetes, and to help the brain function for achievement in school.
Introduction The term ‘cardiovascular disease’ (CVD) is inclusive of all conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including myocardial infractions, strokes and coronary heart disease. Currently, CVD is the leading cause of death globally and claims one Australian every 12 minutes (1). Several factors that increase the risk of developing CVD have been identified including age, diet, genetic background and lifestyle habits (2). It is currently estimated that over 90% of Australians have at least one risk factors and 25% have three or more (1).
Schwartz (2008), suggests that educating by using analogies for hyperlipidemia, for example “clogged hose.” Since, education has already occurred on healthy diet, the Somali patient will be bale to further understand the negative effects of consuming too many foods high in carbohydrates, one being high cholesterol (“Cholesterol”, 2017). Total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol values will be explained to the Somali patient, as well as the normal range of cholesterol. According to the U.S. department of Health and Human Services (2001),
The majority of people in this society try to exercise and eat right to stay healthy. The problem is that they worry more about exercising and not getting good nutrition. They do not understand that exercise is not enough to be healthy. In order to be healthy, people should be aware of what they eat. This may not be easy for everyone, but one can get support from family and friends in order for it to be easy. Good nutrition is more important than regular exercise because it helps in losing weight, helps to fuel the body, prevent the risk of getting diseases, and helps building muscles.