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Summary of literature review : classroom management strategies
Summary of literature review : classroom management strategies
Classroom management strategies for teachers
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Classroom management is a key element to establish a successful learning environment in any classroom. An effective classroom management plan creates a positive learning environment. Classroom management is affected by the characteristics of the students and their behavior. Students’ behavior is influenced by their age, academic abilities, goals, interests, and home backgrounds (Evertson, Emmer, and Worsham, 2006). Teachers need a diverse array of classroom management skills to facilitate learning. A classroom with a proper management plan will spend less time in disciplining and more time in learning. Students in effectively managed classrooms know and follow clearly defined rules and routines. A classroom management plan should provide for several important factors that influence proper discipline in the classroom (Edwards, 2004).
Discipline is intended to cease misbehavior in the classroom. Effective classroom management procedures contribute to an environment that enhance learning and reduce discipline problems (Edwards, 2004). The goal of discipline is to help students learn to control their own behavior. Effective teachers apply various disciplinary techniques that help in curtailing misbehavior and promote self-discipline in students (Charles, 1996). Effective discipline is emotionally disconnected from student actions (Henley, Ramsey and Algozzine, 1999). According to Dreikurs, discipline is a process in which students learn to impose reasonable limits on themselves (Charles, 1996).
School wide Discipline
Children should be ensured of a safe learning environment as school is the place where they spend most of their day. Well disciplined schools emphasize on the importance of learning and intolerance of conditions which ...
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... lunch room, distributing materials, carrying messages to office etc. These tasks can be assigned to different students every week. Effective teachers make sure that every student has a job so that they feel responsible. These activities can also be used to reward improved behavior (Evertson, Emmer, and Worsham, 2006). Jones describes routines as operational rules. Jones says, “Operational rules must be specified to provide for smooth operations, which include materials to use, when to sharpen pencils, get a drink, go to the bathroom, how to get help and how the class is dismissed” (Allen, 1998). An effective way of establishing routines would be considering each and every minute detail of classroom activities. Children should know the importance of rules and routines in the classroom and it is a teacher’s responsibility to teach them (Canter &Canter, 1992).
(2005, Charles) The premise of Assertive Discipline is that both teachers and students have the “need and right” (2005, Charles) to a caring and respectful classroom environment. Teachers are required to facilitate learning and assist students in reaching their full potential. This is accomplished by teachers clearly and confidently articulating class expectations and teaching student’s what behavior is “acceptable and unacceptable” (Marsh 2010 p233). Cooperative behavior is encouraged by “incentives and recognition” (Lyons et al., 2014) whilst unruly behaviour is managed with a “hierarchy of sanctions” (Lyons et al., 2014). Equally, teachers also have the right to facilitate learning in a proficient manner without interruptions from students and have support from administrators and parents. (Berghuis, 2005,
The theory focuses on establishing a class atmosphere by attending directly to students needs, caringly controlling behaviour by adapting effective class rules and consequences so that, learning can take place as intended (Charles, 2005). Additionally, teachers educate students on proper behaviour by specifying rule such as “We raise our hands to speak” that are specific and visible. Teachers use specific reinforcers such as recognition when rules are followed and punishers for breaking them (Eggen & Kauchak, 2001). Therefore, the main principles of AD specify that children behavoural limits and consequences need clarification (Lyons et al., 2014) and have the right that these requirements are taught by an assertive and caring teacher who determinedly works to encourages the best welfare for the students Likewise, teachers have the right to teach students, disruption-free, which is based on a clear classroom discipline plan that is supported by the school and parents (Charles, 2005).Hence, AD is a positively controlled style of discipline endorsed by the
keep my students safe. My classroom will be based on trust, not fear. I expect my students to
In my twelve years of teaching experience, one thing that most of my colleagues have struggled with at some point in their career has been classroom management. Classroom management is one many keys to instructional success. Unfortunately, many have left the teaching field due to lack of knowledge of classroom management best practices.
My personal philosophy of classroom management focuses on creating an environment where children feel safe and where they feel like they belong. I will create this environment for my fourth grade class through making my expectations of the students clear while developing an engaging lesson plan and personable interactions with my students. I developed my philosophy from studying different theorists and based my philosophy on the theories of Glasser and Kounin. Glasser believed that the teacher’s roll in the classroom is that of a leader rather than a boss. He believed that students should be given power in the classroom and that the teacher should share it with the students. I will use his ‘7 caring habits’ specifically supporting and respecting to help my classroom feel safe and welcoming to my students. Meeting the individual needs of my students will be the focus of my classroom management routine. I will meet individual needs by promoting self management and self efficacy in my students by creating an environment that that has predictable and consistent daily routines while focusing on my student’s successes (Shindler, 2010). Having a predictable routine will encourage a success oriented environment and will reduce anxiety and help towards creating positive self efficacy in each of my students (Shindler, 2010). In Glasser’s Choice Theory he talks about focusing on the present and not bringing up the past (Glasser, 2010). Therefore, I will focus my classroom on being goal driven and will help each student obtain their goals. Thus, helping my students have positive self efficacy. I will apply Kounin’s technique of Momentum (Pressman, 2011). This involves the teacher keeping exercises short and moving around the room a lot so...
Classroom routines are important because they provide structure in the classroom. They also remind students of what to expect and do during classroom time. Students will also be less apprehensive or uncertain of what is require when routines are set in place.
Teachers use theories, models of learning, and professional standards to shape their teaching practices. There are several learning theories that have evolved the educational field. Theories guide instruction and the beliefs of the teachers. Teachers use these theories, standards, and personal beliefs to develop goals in order to improve teaching effectiveness.
As I start my career as an educator I will turn to the studies of these theorists to continue to craft
All effective educators need to find ways to motivate their students. The kids that fill our classrooms have different strengths and weaknesses. It is critical that teachers recognize the strengths and weaknesses of their students so they can use the right classroom management strategies to motivate their kids. In this particular case, the student named Jodie is inattentive and uninterested and neither the teacher intern or classroom teacher have a clue how to handle this situation. Ms. Marcia Thomas, who is the young intern feels that Jodie is just a problem child that lacks motivation and there is nothing she can do for this particular student. Ms. Thomas and the lead teacher Ms. Egan both lack the needed classroom management strategies that are necessary to motivate and engage students in a positive learning environment.
The word discipline is defined as imparting knowledge and skill, to teach. Discipline is used by parents to teach their children the correct way to behave. They need to be given constant discipline to be taught right and wrong and it can involve rewards and punishments to teach self control and increase desirable behaviors and decrease undesirable behaviour. Though the purpose of child discipline is to develop desirable behaviour and social habits, the ultimate goal is to create sound judgement and morals so that the child develops and maintains self disciple throughout the rest of their lives.
Classroom management is important in producing a successful classroom. Successful Classroom Management and Discipline refers to management as the teacher’s role in the classroom where the environment creates success. “It refers to how order is established and maintained in the classroom.” (pg. 6)
Classroom management has the largest effect on student achievement, so students cannot learn in poorly managed classroom. Additionally, research has pointed out that the quality of teacher-student relationships is the main aspect of classroom management.(…2). Furthermore, when teachers set classroom management plan, the plan will give structure to everything from seating to lessons to grading to the relationship between students. Teachers should incorporate strategies for addressing student behavior into classroom
Predominant goal is having a classroom management and creating a safe learning environment. Learning how to manage a classroom successfully is a difficult task for teachers. The everyday concern of beginner teachers is classroom management. Beginners teachers report the weak classroom management skills and disruptive students are the most significance barriers to being a good teacher (Fideler & Haskelhorn, 1999). Teachers have blamed their lesson plans, preparation in their first years of teaching (Ladd, 2000; Monroe, Blackwell, & Pepper 2010). As a teacher, it is my desire to have my students to have a safe learning environment.
From observations in P.S. 255 classrooms, I learned that the main rules of classroom management can be described by the words: model, practice, focus on the positive, and be consistent. Creating procedures helps a new teacher think through her/his behavioral expectations for any given activity. This way the new teacher can communicate her/his expectations clearly to the students and prevent disruptions. The new teacher must decide what signal she/he will use to notify her/his students to stop, look, and listen to the adult. Starting from the first day, at the first transition, the new teacher must model, roleplay, and practice this procedure over and over. I learned that it is critical that all the adults in the room model the desired behavior along with the
I believe Classroom Management is the main component in the educational setting. I believe if students are in a safe environment, then learning can take place. This doesn’t mean punishing behavior problems but rather a combination of setting the tone in a class, preventing behavior problems with interesting and engaging curriculums and effectively including all students in the classroom so that their needs are met. Having the right environment for all students to learn is my major goal of implementing good classroom management--without it the students would not be able to learn.