English: The Angles, Saxons, And Jutes

Definition of the word English:

English is derived from England, one would think. But in fact the language name is found long before the country name.The latter first appears as Englaland around the year 1000, and means "the land of the Engle," that is, the Angles. The Angles,Saxons, and Jutes were the three Germanic tribes who emigrated from what is now Denmark and northern Germany and settled inEngland beginning about the fourth century A.D. Early on, the Angles enjoyed a rise to power that must have made them seem moreimportant than the other two tribes, for all three tribes are indiscriminately referred to in early documents as Angles. The speech of thethree tribes was conflated in the same way: they all spoke what would have been called

Germanic settlers brought in a variety of Germanic dialects in the Island. Literature had started to appear in AD 700 and the English language had then borrowed many words the Latin language due to the invasion and language of the church.

3- Later Old English ( 850 -1100)

The invasion of the Germanic tribes spoke similar languages to what was already distributed on the island and had become the culture of the people. At that time Britain had developed these languages and has become to what we are familiar with as Old English. Old English has nothing to do with the English Language we know today.

4- Middle English ( 1100-1450)

During this period the English Language was infected by the Norman Conquest who had later invaded and conquered the British Island. The new invaders were called (Normans). These invaders had brought with them the French Language which later became the language of the court and the official language. The English Vocabulary and spelling was now affected by the Normans. The lower class were known as the English speaking people and French was only spoken by the upper class. In the 14th century English returned to be the ruling language but with French words and spellings still added into the English

Latin and French were spoken by the church and the language of science and the government was English. English was then spread across to America, Australia, and India.

The process of slave trading of English speaking Africans from England to America spread the English creoles. The Americans attempted to standardize and fix the language with use of dictionaries and grammar here they wanted to create their own identity of English. The American created their own identity by taking words from the British English and changing the style of spelling into their own and that’s how the American spelling became different than the British spelling of certain words. They choose to create their own identity of English. Even the pronunciation of certain words relates to the identity of English.

A big boost in English standardization was the typographic identity. Spelling and grammar became fixed in London including the dialect of English was the one in London that was considered to be the standard dialect. The first dictionary published was in London in the year 1604.

6- Modern English