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In itself, music has intrinsic value. From Ludwig Van Beethoven to Miles Davis, instrumental music can stand on its own legs, and have meaning that transcends grammatical meaning. However, the implementation of words that are either spoken or sung creates a new genre, and a different aesthetic. In a sense, this is literature juxtaposed over rhythm and melody. This has the effect of giving a more concrete meaning to the music, and more emotion to the words or lyrics. It is a matter of taste, and a subject of intense debate to try and say one style of music does this the best. Blues music, one of America’s greatest exports, is a contender for this title, and is also interesting in a linguistic sense.
This is not understood without understanding language: the ever-changing medium by which human beings communicate ideas. Some might argue that this ability is what differentiates us from other animals. The function of this is to be able to understand each other, whether we are trying to say, “Look out, there’s a saber-toothed cat attempting to have you for dinner,” or, “My sweet darling, I will love you until my last dying breath.” This ability gives us a better chance at surviving; therefore, it has been passed on through the generations and underwent endless permutations.
One of the many permutations that language has made is into what is collectively known as English. This particular tongue was brought to the British Isles in the Sixth Century CE by Northern Europeans or “Germanic” people. (Kemmer) It followed English colonists around the world, including areas in North America, which will be the subject of this essay.
Eventually, the West African slaves that were brought to the American South to work in an agricultural context d...
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Kolln, Martha, and Robert Funk. Understanding English Grammar. New York: Longman, 2009. Print.
Rickford, John R. "The Creole Origins of African American Vernacular English: Evidence from Copula Absence." Http://www.modlinguistics.com/. Http://www.modlinguistics.com/, 1998. Web. 7 Apr. 2014.
Rothenbuhler, Eric W. "Myth and Collective Memory in the Case of Robert Johnson." Critical Studies in Media Communication 24.3 (2007): 189-205. Print.
United States. National Park Service. "Trail of the Hellhound: Delta Blues." National Parks Service. U.S. Department of the Interior, n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2014.
Waters, Muddy, Willie Dixon, Muddy Waters, Little Walter, Otis Spann, Jimmy Rogers, Elgar Edmonds, and Big Crawford. Hoochie Coochie Man. New World Records, 1977. CD.
Welna, David. "The Story Of 'I'm Your Hoochie Coochie Man'" NPR. NPR, n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2014.
Blues refers to the music genre that originated from the African-American societies mainly from the deep southern region of the United States in the late 19th century. The blues form of music is characterized by notes that are played gradually bent or flattened. The blues notes comprised 12 measures or bars. These notes are used in jazz music, rhythm and blues. The inventors of the blues included slaves and the descendants of the slaves. There is a general belief that the blues originated from African folk songs. The blues spread out significantly from the south in the late 1930s and early 1940s. The music quickly progressed into various styles according to regions. Well-known pioneers of blues music in the 1920s include Blind Lennon Jefferson, W.C. Handy, Robert Johnson, Charlie Patton and Son House. Blues exist in popular music in many areas today.
Musicologists have dated the ‘birth’ of blues to be around 1890 as a West African tradition involving blue indigo in which mourners at ceremonies would wear blue dyed attires to resemble their suffering . Although, blues derived from times of slavery, the Prohibition Era (1920’s), World War Two (1939-1945), and during the Vietnam War (predominantly 1960’s to 1970’s), it has been a continuously evolved form of music in America, in which the similarities have always remained; melancholy and protest.
Popular music places a premium on accessibility, represents various meanings to boost both instant appeal and memorability - distinctive tunes, novel instrumental flourishes, danceable rhythms, repeated riffs - but its signal feature is melodic emphasis and great vocal gatherings.
Hill, Jane H., P. J. Mistry, and Lyle Campbell. The Life of Language: Papers in Linguistics in Honor of William Bright. Berlin [etc.: Mouton De Gruyter, 1998. Print.
Since the beginning of slavery in the America, Africans have been deemed inferior to the whites whom exploited the Atlantic slave trade. Africans were exported and shipped in droves to the Americas for the sole purpose of enriching the lives of other races with slave labor. These Africans were sold like livestock and forced into a life of servitude once they became the “property” of others. As the United States expanded westward, the desire to cultivate new land increased the need for more slaves. The treatment of slaves was dependent upon the region because different crops required differing needs for cultivation. Slaves in the Cotton South, concluded traveler Frederick Law Olmsted, worked “much harder and more unremittingly” than those in the tobacco regions.1 Since the birth of America and throughout its expansion, African Americans have been fighting an uphill battle to achieve freedom and some semblance of equality. While African Americans were confronted with their inferior status during the domestic slave trade, when performing their tasks, and even after they were set free, they still made great strides in their quest for equality during the nineteenth century.
Huffines, M.L. (1984). The English of the Pennsylvania Germans: A reflection of ethnic affiliation. The German Quarterly, 57(2), 173-182.
For various southern African Americans, their journey westward usually began as slaves. In 1825, when the Mexican government enticed Americans westward through land grants, various slave owners moved in the hopes of becoming wealthy. These American immigrants into Mexico brought with them their wives, children, and property, including slaves. In the vast North American west, African Americans found new opportunities to put their skills to work. Many of these skills, which included herding cattle in Ghana and Gambia, had been passed down generation to generation through oral histories. Plantation owners, now ranchers in the West, employed their slaves’ skills in managing their plan...
Both B.B King and Muddy Waters have had a huge impact on the blues culture and will remembered as major contributors of not only the blues genre but of music in general.
Nabby, Navie. “Mr. Bigness Man”, World Sound ‘ave Power: Dub Poets And Dub. Heartbeat Records, 1994.
The Blues started in the late 1800's in levee camps or plantations in places like Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas were many African Americans lived. The blues of that time was called country blues. It was a mixture of African music, field hollers, work songs, religious music, and ragtime.
Clark, Virginia P., Paul A. Eschholz, and Alfred F. Rosa. Language: Introductory Readings. 7th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2008. Print.
Rickford, John R. (1998). The creole origins of African American vernacular English: Evidence from copula absence. In s. Mufwene et al. African American English: Structure, history and use. London: Routledge.
Music is far more than the sum of its parts. It can be thought of in a highly mathematical sense, which leaves one in awe of the seemingly endless combinations of rhythm, tone and intervals that a good musician can produce. Admiring music in this way is a lot like admiring an intricate snowflake, or shapes in the clouds; it's beautiful, but at the same time very scientific, based on patterns. All of the aforementioned qualities of music have one thing in common: they can be defined with numeric, specific values. However, the greatest aspect of music lies elsewhere, and cannot be specifically defined with words. It is the reaction that each individual has when they are confronted with their favorite (or least favorite) kind of music.
Music: the art of organized noise. The blend of pitch and rhythm combined in different mediums and enjoyed by our ears. A very interpretive art, music isn’t very clearly constricted or defined by one definition. With so many varieties of music, it’s difficult to say what aspect is really the most important. Some people think music’s history and the appreciation of music are the most important aspects to take into consideration. Some think complex in rhythms and melodies make the best music. Some people devote their whole lives to studying one genre of music in order to fully understand how that genre works. While all of these aspects of music are important, none of them can truly be compared with each other on a fair playing field. Music of different genres, eras, and geographic backgrounds were written for different purposes, different people, and different settings. Still, there is still one overarching theme that applies to all forms of music new or old: the way the composer presents his or her creation. The performance and presentation of a work of music is like the icing on the top of a cake. The cake may be the best you’ve ever tasted, but if the icing on the outside doesn’t look appealing or doesn’t taste good, chances are you’ll take a different piece of cake with better looking frosting next time. The performance of music is what appeals most to people. With live performance, an artist must “sell” his or her creation. They must put smile on their face and convey to the audience that this is their music and through the music explain why it’s awesome. They must persevere through whatever the stage, the audience, and their surroundings give them and put on a good show. In today’s popular music though, this aspect of showma...
There are two main theories of African-American Vernacular English, one is the dialect hypothesis and the other one is the creole hypothesis. The dialect hypothesis is African slaves picked up English very slowly and learned it incorrectly while arriving in the United States and these mistakes have been past down through generations. The creole hypothesis maintains that modern African-American Vernacular English is the result of a creole to be taken from English and various West African Languages. To communicate in some cases a pidgin was developed by applying English and some West African vocabulary to the grammar rules of their native tongue. This pidgin was passed on to future generations, over the years African-American Vernacular English