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The influence of religion on science
The similarity between science and religion
What differentiates science from pseudoscience
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When it comes to the word ‘science’ most of the people have some kind of knowledge about science or when they think of it there is some kind of image related to science, a theory, scientific words or scientific research, many different sorts of ideas float into an individual’s mind. Every individual has a different perception about science and how he/she perceives it. This illustrates that each individual can identify science in some sort of form. This indicates that science plays a vital role in our everyday lives (Lederman & Tobin, 2002). It seems that everyone can identify science but cannot differentiate it properly from pseudo-science and non-science (Park,1986). This essay will address the difference between science, non-science and …show more content…
Karl Popper a great philosopher thinks that the only way to differentiate between science and pseudo-science is when a theory can be tested scientifically or not (those that are not scientifically tested and those that can be) (Popper,1962). Psychology is in the domain of science. This is supported by Popper, Marxism and Freudian as their proponents present psychology as science but none of the theories in psychology are proper scientific theories (Parse, 1995, Cioffi,1985 & Grünbaum, 1979). Another area of pseudo-science is astrology …show more content…
However, the explanation to the first question is not as simple. The word “faith” has different meanings, it has different senses. One way it can be defined to trust something on the grounds of faith that associated to the meaning of to belive something which lacks evidence. In other way, it means to trust or believe something which is not support by sufficient evidence to prove its true. Other meaning is to believe in something indicating to rely on or to trust on it. People have both kinds of faith in God. Some religious people have faith in God in second sense, they do not accept the first definition of faith which is to believe on basis of faith. This is due to the believe that those people think there is a very strong evidence of existence of God provided. In this particular scenario, science is not a matter or about believing in faith (Hansson,2008). Scientists have second type of faith in science, they believe in science which has been provided by evidence. They do not consider scientific theories, claims and explanations which do not provide sufficient evidence. Hence, scientific claims and non-scientific claims are equivalent in the second sense i.e. to have faith in something. Scientists demonstrate and explain science and the way the world works by providing strong evidence. This has helped and increased our ability to understand, predict and control things which are supported by evidence and scientific
Science on the other hand takes a testable hypothesis and is tested in controlled experiments with something measurable and or recordable. You can repeat the test to get the exact same results, whereas in pseudoscience, tests would never be the same.
This essay aims to discuss the problems of the common view of science which was presented by Alan Chalmers by Popperian's view and my personal opinions. Chalmers gives his opinion about what science is and the judgment will be made in this essay through the Popperian hypothetico-deductive and my arguments will be presented in this essay. Popperian is an important philosopher of science who developed hypothetico-deductive method, which is also known as falsificationism. In my opinion, I disagree Chlamer points of view of science and this will be present in essay later. I will restrict my arguments into three parts due to the word limitation. Three aspects will be discussed in this essay: justifying the view through the Popper's view, my agreement about the Popper's objections and additional personal opinions.
Earlier Science was treated as an institution but now, it includes many things like "scientific experiments, "theories" etc. The authors argue that this knowledge should viewed in terms of "socially constructed" and not the one known as "scientific truth". This article points that in the social constructivist view, the 'science' it is just another system of knowledge which contains empirical researches and studies. It is basically concerned with what is "truth", how it has emerged, accepted and explained in social domain. ...
Demarcation between science and non-science or pseudo science is particularly important in scientific education, as it determines, for almost every member of our society, what they will accept as true regarding science, particularly creationism and evolution. Having public ...
Generally, science is a hotly discussed and vehemently debated topic. It is difficult to achieve consensus in science, considering the fact that ideas are diverse about even science definition, leave alone the true interpretations and meaning of scientific experiments, philosophies and discoveries. However, these arguments, disagreements as well as continuous trials to find a better reasoning, logic and explanation are exactly what have always been driving science progress from art to art form. It is worth noting that, in Philosophy of Science: A Very Short Introduction, the Author-Samir Okasha explore various way of looking at science via the prism of life by citing a variety of scientific experiments, and providing examples from history of science.
In exploring what faith really is, we must remove the stigmatism of being purely religiously based. Faith, in its truest form, is the reliance and complete confidence in a set of principles, standards, person, thing, doctrine, theory—anything that cannot be fully proven. While most of faith appears in a religious context, faith can be used in many different ways and in different subjects. The classic example of a chair comes to mind when exploring the meaning of having faith: scientifically, the person must retain the faith that the chair will hold him up when he sits down. This lies in true in science in discussing the forces of the universe throughout the galaxy, scientists cannot yet understand all the knowledge concerning the forces of space, but scientists have faith in the continuation of the forces and account for what is assumed will happen with the forces.
In order to be considered a science, Psychology must consequently adhere to using a scientific method. If this were, as usual, taken to mean the accumulation of knowledge through systematic observation or experimentation, Psychology would likely not have an issue in being recognised, however traditional views of a science mean most areas, with the exception of Behaviourism, would not be considered a science in their own right.
The issue shall discuss the various differences between science and other types of knowledge and discuss the argument whether the science can rely without the separate theories posted by non-scientific educational bodies. ...
Faith has several strengths and weaknesses when used as a basis for knowledge in religion and the natural sciences. In order to fully analyze these strengths and weaknesses and determine which of the two is more prevalent, faith, religion, and the natural sciences should be distinguished from one another. In The New Merriam-Webster Dictionary faith is defined as the “belief and trust in God” or “allegiance to duty or a person” (270), religion as “an organized system of faith and worship” (617), and science as “knowledge covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through the scientific method” (650). Faith may be considered a strong basis for knowledge in religion as religion is usually built around the concept of faith. However, faith may be a weak basis for knowledge in religion as certain teachings in a religion may not have a direct link to the concept of faith. Similarly, in the natural sciences, faith may also be seen as a strong basis for knowledge as a scientist has faith in the hypothesis he may be testing. Likewise, faith may be perceived as a weak basis for knowledge in the natural sciences as faith and the natural sciences tend to offer incongruous solutions to the same problem.
In 1995, he was a graduate student in Michigan State University. He wrote a paper, “What Is Science?” (《科学是什么?》), which discusses the definition of science. In next decades, this essay was published ...
Fools say to themselves: 'there is no God!'" (Ps.14:1) Ever seen a quark or a nano? A scientist proceeds with both faith in the unseen and his data. Science and religion lean on each other.
By the definition, science is the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment (Oxford dictionary). This crude definition is elaborated further by world-famous sociologist Anthony Giddens as ‘the scientific study of human social life, groups, and societies. It is a dazzling and compelling enterprise, as its subject matter is our own behavior as social beings. The scope of sociological study is extremely wide, ranging from the analysis of passing encounters between individuals on the street to the investigation of global social processes such as the rise of Islamic fundamentalism.’ (Giddens: 2006).
First off, it is important to realize that religion and science have to be related in some way, even if it is not the way I mentioned before. If religion and science were completely incompatible, as many people argue, then all combinations between them would be logically excluded. That would mean that no one would be able to take a religious approach to a scientific experiment or vice versa. Not only does that occur, but it occurs rather commonly. Scientists often describe their experiments and writings in religious terms, just as religious believers support combinations of belief and doubt that are “far more reminiscent of what we would generally call a scientific approach to hypotheses and uncertainty.” That just proves that even though they are not the same, religion and science have to be related somehow.
The word science is a broad spectrum that has many fields and encompasses many things in the seven-letter word. What some might now realize is that science can also be political. Two pieces of writing that show different aspects of how science is political are “What is Science” by Gorge Orwell and “Soft Sciences are Often Harder than Hard Sciences” by Jared Diamond. Orwell goes into discussion about the interpretation of science and what scientifically educated means. Diamond, on the other hand uses actual politics to describe the hierarchy between “Hard Sciences” and “Soft Sciences”.
Some feel that scientist are atheists. Some scientists say we still believe in God. St. Thomas answers some questions about faith and science and why faith cannot be tested by the rules of science. In obj.4 he says, “ Because the object of science is something seen, whereas the object of faith is the unseen, as stated above”(258). What he is saying is science is something that has to be seen and proven whereas faith is something as unseen and relies solely on an individual 's beliefs. St. Thomas also says, “ In like manner it may happen that what is an object of vision or scientific knowledge for one man even in the state of wayfarer, is , for another man, an object of faith, because he does not know it by demonstration”(258). Meaning that what one person sees as scientific and fact, can appear to another man as just another sign of faith, faith has no bounds whereas science has boundaries and