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Inequality of pay in gender
How does race affect sentencing
Inequality of pay in gender
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History shows that men have always been the head of our society. There are more woman who are receiving their education now than ever before. They are having the opportunity to become lawyers, doctors, engineers. However, the gender gap in wages are still about the same. Men are still making more money than women performing the same job. In the workplace Non-Hispanic whites still dominate the management positions. African Americans are still at a lower management position. Also in Chapter 13 it explains that men who are white males with a criminal history are able to be employed more than an African American man without a criminal history. In chapter 13 is states that " White children and Black children received different and unequal experiences
in the public school system, creating disparities in attainment and educational outcomes (Orfield, Kucsera, & Siegel-Hawley, 2012). If African American children are not given the oppurtunity for a great education they will probably stay in poverty. This could lead to a revolving door for the next generation. The lower the income and the more poverty the less resources the community may have. Also the schools with lower income had less advancement classes for the children. With the legal system it shows that Black individuals have more run ins with the police than Whites. The law enforcement tend to Racial profile Blacks. "Stop and frisk” is something that a police use when they believe that a person is a suspicious. Studies show that black and latin individuals were stopped more than any other race. Also when the case goes to trial depending on the racial makeup of the jury more blacks were found guilty than whites and more were sentenced to death. Economically, the gap is slowly but surely widening between the richer and the poorer. The economic system favors the wealthy more than ever before.
The Declaration of Independence states that all men are created equal. According to the United States Census Bureau in 2012, women earned approximately 77 cents for every dollar that a man made (Bassett 2013). Since its independence, all of America’s leaders have been male. What do all of these statements have in common? Male superiority. Since its foundation, the United States of America has been a male dominated society. Masculinity and male superiority have been demonstrated in various aspects of this nation’s culture. Such areas include literature and history. Male dominance can be exemplified in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Kate Chopin’s The Awakening, and Tennessee Williams's A Streetcar Named Desire.
When you think of American history, do you think of war, slavery, or segregation? Something that these have in common is gender equality. Gender equality is something that has been an issue in America since the first day it was inhabited. This is a problem in America. A more particular time period would be, World War II. During this time, women were being used to do men’s jobs and duties but, they still had to have a feminine aspect to them. While most men were at war, the women picked up jobs playing baseball, and working in factories to build the necessary items for war and daily living. During World War II, it was necessary for women to work. The government statistics prove this:
“In just about every state in the country, millennial women are more likely than millennial men to have a college degree, yet millennial women also have higher poverty rates and low earnings than millennial men” (Clark “In Every U.S. State, Women, including Millennials, Are More Likely than Men to Live in Poverty, Despite Gains in Higher Education”). Women are more likely to be below the poverty level because of age, race and religion. More so because they are women. “Since the 1980’s, fertility rates have steadily declined around the world. In the United States, the fertility rate is 1.9” (Josh “Gender Inequality and Women in the Workplace”). Women are not having as many babies as they used to. The United States has a lower birth rate because some females are trying to compete for a chance in the workforce. “Companies with three or more women on the Board of Directors average twenty-eight times more money” (Weisul “Women make companies more generous”). Women earn companies more money, but only 24 percent of CEO’s in the United States are women. If more women were hired for “higher up” careers, then most likely that company will make more money overall. As a result, inequality is not a new concept. It has been around for a very long time. It is slowly changing, but women want to change sooner rather than
... history, it is proven that gender changes along with social, political, and cultural change. Despite all, many women continue to face other kinds of discrimination. Women continue to experience sexism, the idea of traditional gender roles. Women are still thought to be more involved in taking care of their children and the household. Women often face unconscious stereotypes in the workplace as well. In some cases, women have a less change of obtaining better, and higher paying jobs. Women often don’t get promoted to higher positions in office, despite their qualifications and experiences. Female candidates running for public office experience forms of sexism as well. The variations and adaptions of society are evidence that reinforce the idea that gender is formed under social construction rather than the essence from biology alone.
Women are faced with extreme pressure and alienation in their career fields, and on average earn less than men. Men, on the other hand, face similar pressure, while underachieving compared to women academically, and facing more dangerous occupations. Clearly, this system benefits no one. Michael Kimmel illustrates this point in “A black woman took my job': Michael Kimmel argues that it is in men's interest to work for gender equality.” The title itself emphasizes how the fight for gender equality will benefit both genders. He discusses how sexism is harming men by narrowing their worldview (2). Slaughter, Ullman, Kaplan, Dorment, Knestaut, and Miller all agree with Kimmel to some extent. They all agree gender equality does not exist. When all these perspectives are brought together, it becomes clear that it is in the best interest of both genders that the fight for equality is still pursued. Hopefully, one day women will earn as much as their male counterparts and be equally represented in both careers and intentional unemployment, and men will be attaining higher education goals and employed in less dangerous occupations, and both genders will be relieved of some of the pressure to dedicate 100% of their time to both a career, and a
Overall, the information gathered by these interviews causes both hope and worry. The view of feminism is improving exponentially and gender roles are slowly becoming neutralized; however, the truth about the economic standing of minorities and women is anything but clear. There is still hope that with the changing views of the America people the reality of economic prosperity will truly be blind to color, gender, creed, and sexuality and the truly exceptional individuals will rise to the highest ranks. This will take time to occur; it takes time to turn a plain into a mountain or a dessert into a sea but it has happened and will happen again. It will take time and work but eventually a racist, sexist, classist, heterosexist society can become egalitarian society.
Critics of feminist studies of men often argue that the politics to change values and behaviour need to come from men themselves, because feminist women’s long efforts against gender discrimination, misogyny, sexual harassment, rape, battering, and male violence have often created backlash and stubborn resistance from men (Lorber, 2012, 274). If men do not fight for what they want they will not see change, it will not be handed to them as many things have already been. Although, the question presumes, why would men want to change something that they feel is just fine? This is where controversy takes place. A change must occur in order for things to be equal. Men do not always have to be the breadwinners; On the other hand, areas that seemed to indicate potential gender equality – fatherhood and men doing “women’s work” – have ironically restored gender inequality. This refers to the racialized glass escalator. Where men who do women’s work have reliable preferences in the working environment, such that even in occupations where men are numerical in minorities they are likely to enjoy higher wages and faster promotions (Lorber, 2012, p.264) In addition, men get daddy bonuses when they become fathers while women workers suffer a motherhood penalty in reduced wages (Lorber, 2012, 274). Limitations such as these reinforce gender
We’d all like to believe that we are equals within our society, but democracy doesn’t necessarily ensure equality. We all must work for a living, and the constitution would have you believe that racial minorities and women would have equal opportunities and equal wages as white men. But this is not the case. For many years people, mainly girls and women, have fought to equalize genders with some success, specifically in the work force. Gender inequality is not only a historic issue but one that still exists today in the form of the gendered pay gap.
Imagine living in a society where an individual’s future and way of life is solely based on their gender. Does that sound preposterous? The United States is one of many nations to possess a Constitution incorporating rights awarded to every citizen; however, several rights are violated daily. The Fourteenth Amendment holds the most commonly used phrase, “equal protection of the laws,” allowing equal rights for every citizen of the United States. One of the most violated rights, under the Fourteenth Amendment, is gender discrimination. Many factors contribute to inequality between men and women in our everyday lives. Some factors include the early history of internal war conflicts, leadership roles, along with the physical build of men and women.
For many years there has been inequality between men and women. Basketball, football, soccer, baseball, golf, sumo wrestling, motocross, mixed martial arts, rugby, hockey, auto racing, boxing, and the list goes on and on. By now most are thinking “Oh, it’s just a list of sports.” This is not just a list of sports. These are sports dominated by men. Then again, there are sports listed such as basketball and soccer that have women’s teams, but the men’s teams get the attention and praise that women do not. Forbes list, parenthood, relationships, politics, social events, etcetera. Forbes list’s richest one percent of the world has seventy-three men, but only seven women (Forbes 400, 2015). Society has praised men, who take care of their children, but expect women to take care of the children.
Gender inequality can be quite different when considering the varying perspectives of all different kinds of women throughout history. For a middle class white woman of the 19th century, gender inequality can be as simple as “men are superior to women” and because of that they have rights and privileges women don’t, but for a black woman of the 20th century, gender inequality isn’t just defined by men being superior to women because the sexism black women face is affected by racism.
70 years after the American Revolution, white males enjoyed freedoms they viewed as their god given rights, but woman were somehow left out, they even seemed to be excluded from the constitution (“All men are created equal.”) “After so much had been done to ensure America’s freedom, it was hypocritical that woman were not allowed to vote, married woman had no property rights, and husbands possessed so much legal power they could beat or imprison their wives on a whim. Even most professions were closed to women, it would be unheard of to see a woman practicing medicine or law. The jobs that were available to women only paid a fraction of what the men were making.” [Eisenberg] This made women completely dependant on men.
If men can learn from them, it could be for everyone’s benefit.” Noah Berlatsky, (The Atlantic, 2013). Gender discrimination is nothing new to our society and it has been an ongoing predicament that goes against both men and women. Women have dealt with the challenges of gender inequality since history which is why women are more prone to be against sex discrimination and have quite not changed for the reason being women are still viewed as inferior to men. The nature of superiority men have been structured in has blindsided the fact that men also face the same challenges of sex oppression as women. Men are known to be more aggressive and more emotionally stable and are known to a cultural strength women tend not to have which is why gender discrimination against men is low compared to
Gender inequality all began because of the patriarchal society back in past centuries. Some people, mostly males, are still having issues and concerns that our society is not so much male dominated anymore. Today females have a lot more freedom and opportunities in the employment fields especially in occupations that people have always stereotyped men to have. Altman and Pannell (2012) state that, “Domestic work, weather paid or unpaid, has long been socially defined as women’s work.” (p. 293). Ever since the 19th and 20th century, women have been stereotyped as household employers and men have always been the financial providers in society. Men used to be viewed as physically and mentally stronger than women, and claim that th...
During my time as a student I have been able to develop the way I learn and interact with others to a degree that has also helped me to mature into a better person. I have come to believe that this maturity will help me to develop into a better thinker as well, one that has the patience to listen and take consideration of what others have to say. I consider the act of learning a two way avenue that has to be taken seriously. It is one that involves the teacher, and the protégé. It has been, and will continue to be, my absolute goal as a student to become a diligent protégé and acquire all of learning my teachers have set in front of me. The way each of them have helped me to think about how my actions, and the way I choose to study my lessons and develop as a student, has made a tremendous impact on my life. This impact is one that I will carry into the future as I myself advance in my professional studies.