DNA: The Foundation Of The DNA Components Of DNA And DNA

DNA is the foundation of all genetic material found in every living organism on earth. Commonly known as its full name Deoxyribonucleic acid it is an electrically neutral group of atoms held together in a chemical bond known as a molecule. In this case a biomolecule produced by a living organism composed of nucleic acid, carbohydrates and proteins. This mixture coiling in two biopolymer strands forming a double helix. Biopolymers being a biomolecule of a polymer, which is a large molecule, composed of monomers (a molecule that binds chemically to other molecules). These biopolymer strands are composed of thirteen nucleotide monomers bonded in a chain, in turn called a polynucleotide. Nucleotides being singular polynucleotides composed of a nucleobase (containing nitrogen). Being split into four bases each nucleobase is as followed:

• Guanine: Pairing in sequence with cytosine, guanine is derived from purine. Purine is an organic compound structured from a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring (called a pyrimidine-imidazole ring). The base is represented as ‘G’.

• Adenine: Similar to that of Guanine, Adenine is derived from purine. In addition it’s an important part of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the nitrogenous base adenine bonded to a five carbon sugar. This molecule has the ability to phosphorylise and add phosphate groups to other molecules. This allocation of phosphates allows energy to be released. It is this energy which is used in the cells of living organisms.

• Thymine: Combining with Adenine this nucleobase is often replaces with uracil in RNA. It is also the common cause of mutations in DNA. When in the presence of ultraviolet light, radiation causes alterations in the DNA molecule that inhibit normal...

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... in corn, soybeans and cereal grains are found in the indigestible compound phytate that passes through the digestive tract of the pig and is enriched in the manure. The carbohydrates and proteins in this food are digested and absorbed. When manure from ordinary pigs is spread throughout land in areas surrounding intense swine production, it has been shown that there is an accumulation of phosphorus in the soil. Upon heavy rain this phosphorus rich soil runs into water ways in turn increasing the phosphorus concentration of the water. Algae grows layering the body of water causing the reduction in oxygen concentration in the liquid which results in the death of fish and other aquatic animals. The ecosystem of the area is effect, removing food for birdlife and killing plant life. Frequently toxins are produced by the algae and the water is no longer safe to drink.