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Ethical decisions that project managers often face
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Continental Computer Corporation (CCC) is a $9 billion a year organization that for years has allow their three division to implement different sets policies. According to Ed White, vice president for engineering, “This poses a problem for us at corporate headquarters because career opportunities and administrative policies are different in each division” (Harold Kerzner, 2004, p. 655). Each division has implemented different organizational structures, administrative policies and their own career opportunities. The three divisions are the Eton Division, the Lampco Division and the Ridge Division. Continental is now trying to implementation of a project management as a profession in hope that it would help them to work together and to use the Continental Computer Corporation experienced challenges while attempting to consolidate projects under a single project manager if the fundamental practices of project management are not in place. “One of the biggest mistake made is developing a different methodology for each type of project” (Harold Kerzner, 2004, p. 95). Proven project management ethics should be used in order to achieve a successful project outcome, therefore the use of different project procedure will just complication and errors. “Project management is accomplished through the appropriate application and integration of the 47 logically grouped project management processes, which are categorized into five Process Groups. These five Process Groups are:” (PMI, 2013, p. Decentralizing R&D will only take way the companies competitive advantage allowing productivity, sale and moral to go down. “The risk is too great that the stream of new innovations within the company becomes too narrow and that the business units use the inadequate supply of innovations from the central innovation department as the perfect excuse for an unsatisfactory business performance” (Wentz, 2012). It is a good idea to continue R&D, however limiting the dispersing of seed money, which is initially used to cover expenses for research or product development. It is also important for the company to stay competitive, they should continue to motivate grass roots projects because of the continuance change in technology. 2.4 Accounting Books The Lampco division of CCC keeps two set of books for cost accounting and reporting. This is not common practice for a company to maintain more than one set of accounting books. According to Connolly, “One set of books is for the financial statements that they present to shareholders when they file their quarterly reports with the U.S. SEC, and that set is prepared according to GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles). The other set is the books they keep to pay their taxes to the IRS” (Timothy P. Connolly, 2012). This is consider to be acceptable as long as it is well documented for company
Gray, C., Larson, E. (2008). Project Management: The managerial Process. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
Atlantic Computer is a large manufacturer of servers and other high-tech products. They are known for providing premium high end servers. Atlantic Computer’s is in the process of introducing Tronn, a new basic server, which includes Performance Enhancing Server Accelerator (PESA) software. This software will allow Tronn to perform up to four times faster than its standard speed. Therefore these two new products were specifically designed to sell as a bundle or “Atlantic Bundle.” Jason Jowers, fresh off of his MBA degree is responsible for developing the pricing strategy for the “Atlantic Bundle. After much research Jowers narrowed down to four different routes on how the bundle can be priced: status quo, competitive, cost-plus, or value-in.
Frame, J.D., Managing Projects in Organizations: How to Make the Best use of Time, Techniques and People, third ed., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass,112-117, 2003.
Large and small businesses, governments, and schools strive to build the next new gadget, manage resources more efficiently, and teach or train in more creative ways. If they set out blindly on a task without proper oversight and thought about the process, then surely the result would be a dismal failure. Project management enables these entities, and various others, to carefully consider the many variables before, during, and after the project actually takes place. Project management refers to the careful planning, organization, and management through a single one-time activity. Projects are non-routine tasks that are set out to be accomplished for a specific amount of time (Trelles-Duckett & Lonergan , n.d.). Projects have an absolute
Gray, Clifford F.; Larson, Erik W., Project Management – The Managerial Process, Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Kezner, H. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling. 6th. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1998. Print.
The projects in today’s world are given a lot of importance and it will continue to grow in the coming years. There are a lot of companies which do not have production, but all of them do have projects. There are a lot of books which have been published on which related to planning and managing the projects. The one of the most important one was published by the author Eli Goldratt in his book ‘Critical chain’. This book basically talks and shows how the application of theory of constraints in the field of project management. The novel is basically based on one of the MBA classes in America where a number of ideas are developed in discussions among the students and the lecturers. The lecturer is basically fighting for a tenure with the president of the university who expects a downturn in the executive MBA. The lecturer who teaches project management has a word with one the senior colleagues and project management was the right topic to teach. There were three students who were placed in the project management team of their company which manufactures electronic products. The students are enrolled in this MBA class along with other students, here they discover a new approach to project management which is known as the
Cisco Systems, Inc. is a leader in networking for the internet, they develop hardware, software, and services to help create internet solutions that make internet networks possible. Cisco was founded in 1984 by a small group of computer scientists from Stanford University. They are a worldwide company with headquarters in: San Jose, California, Amsterdam Netherlands, and Singapore. Currently, they employ approximately 74,000 people throughout the world. Cisco operates on a set of values which include: change the world, intensely focus on customers, make innovation happen, win together, respect and care for each other, and always do the right thing. They show these values through global involvement in education, community, and philanthropic efforts. (Cisco, 2004)
Ferris Healthcare, Inc recognizes that their growth as organization was depending on their rapid implementation of project management. Their line managers have been performing as project managers, which most of the times resulted on delayed and over budget projects. All employees agree that a project management methodology is necessary in the organization.
In its current practice, the roles and functions of cost accounting includes additional functions. More specifically, it can be described as more than an inventory tracking system. This is because cost accounting entails defining the charges of activities and goods (Horngren & Srikant, 2000). Because of its many roles and functions, this accounting method has been of great help to growth and expansion of business planning and management. Again, the reports offer assistance in the planning and growth projections for different business functions and units within the organization. The information cost accountants offer different uses, some of which aid in the controllership function, as well as the industrial
Over the course of my professional life, I have become increasingly involved in project management roles. Doing so has made me aware of the many varied challenges that can face projects and the project managers who are charged with bringing them through to completion. The success or failure of projects, in whatever economic, political or social field, rests not just on the quality of the project’s goals, but also on the abilities of those involved in the project – and above all those who are managing it – to bring it to successful completion. To do this, project managers need to be equipped with a very wide range of skills, many of which are unrelated to the type of project itself. So, for example, a project manager of an engineering project must not only have engineering
“Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to organisational and project activities to achieve the aims of an organisation through projects” (PMI, 2003).
When planning a new project, how the project will be managed is one of the most important factors. The importance of a managers will determine the success of the project. The success of the project will be determined by how well it is managed. Project management is referred to as the discipline that entails the processes of carefully planning, organizing, controlling, and motivating the organization resources so as to foster and facilitate the achievement of specific established and desired goals and meet the specific criteria of success required in the organization (Larson, 2014). Over the course of this paper I will be discussing and analyzing the importance of project management.
Project management involves all activities that encompass scheduling, planning, and controlling projects. A successful project manager ensure that an organization’s resources are being used both efficiently and effectively. Most projects need to be uniquely developed require a sense of customization and the ability to adapt to any posed challenges. The scope of effective project management includes defining what the project is and what is being expected to be accomplished. Projects are imposed to fulfill a certain need and project managers must have the ability to create the proper definition. Goals and the means used to attain those goals have to be clearly stated. Project Managers must also have the ability to plan
Case Study of Dell Computer Corporation Introduction Michael Dell founded Dell Computer Corporation in 1984 with a simple vision and business concept – that personal computers can be built to order and sold directly to consumers. Michael believed his approach had two advantages: (i) by passing distributors and retail dealers eliminated the markups of resellers, and (ii) building to order greatly reduced the costs and risks associated with carrying large stocks of parts, components and finished goods. Its build-to-order and sell-direct approach proved appealing to growing numbers of customers in the mid 1990s as global PC sales rose to record levels. In 1998, it was already the 3rd manufacturer in the United States with a 12% share of PC market and a nearly 6% share worldwide. The company’s fastest growing market for the past several quarters was Europe.