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Cognitive development in adulthood essay
Cognitive development in adulthood essay
Cognitive development in adulthood essay
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Adult development throughout the cognitive changes in adulthood is influence by two kinds of intellectual resources which are fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence. Research shows some abilities begin to decline early, many cognitive capacities seem to show improvements with age and show only small average declines after ages 55 to 60 (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015 pg 489). When discussing the cognitive change, longitudinal method is use to measure because it follows people over time (Broderick & Blewitt 2015; Ghisletta, 2012; Rabbitt, 2012; Lunn, 2012; Lindenberger, 2012).
Fluid intelligence described to process speed and inhibitory mechanism showing the decline. Fluid intelligence decreases because as you age and get older the brain
Further research indicates that a person's intellectual capacity is at its greatest during these years. So much so that it could be compared to that of a full grown adult. The brain acts as a sponge soaking up all the information around it, learning as much as it can. “Adolescents and adults seem to engage different parts of their brain to different extents…” Thought the intellectual ability of a teen can match that of an adult does not mean that they think and interpret things the same. While performing tasks such as solving different problems and test, studies show that, when compared side by side, teens use different parts of the brain to different extents then the adult. This is due to the fact that the brain is still “Under Construction”. Therefore teen must use different parts of the brain for the same task as not all aspects of the brain are ready to handle some tasks, causing different results in different emotional and behavioral responses. This indicates the teen brain is still maturing
Merriam, S.B., Caffarella, R.S. &Baumgartner (2007) Learning in Adulthood: A comprehensive guide, san Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass
In society, it is quite common for people in their golden years or even well before that, to worry about losing their memory. There is scientific evidence to support this notion of degradation of memory with age. It is now well known in neurology that brain cells die off as one ages. Verhaeghen and Marcoen (1993, pp. 172-178) found that the decline associated with age in relation to the ability to perform episodic memory tasks involving deliberate recall appears to be largely a quantitative rather than a qualitative phenomenon. The ability of older adults to recall individual items in lists, or ideas in texts could be predicted based on the performance by younger adults on the same tasks. From their data in a sample of 48 younger and 45 older adults, they postulated a relationship between recall and age with a median correlation of r = .88. The same item characteristics could be used to predict probability of recall by younger or older adults.
Late adulthood should be a time in a person's life where they feel fulfilled. They can look back on their memories and be happy with the way they have lived their life. Now, too many elderly people are not satisfied and look at this stage as depressing. Most fear death of either a loved one or for themselves. This topic is interesting to me because elderly people should make the best of their last stage of life. This topic discusses about getting older, the life changes that they go through physically, emotionally, and mentally. We should know more about it so that we can help our family and friends get through one of the best, yet toughest part of our mortal life.
Courtney I have to agree with your first characteristic, the adult learners have “readiness to learn things that are relevant to their job and personal life”. We are more motivated to learn something when we are sure that we would have a used for it. As we become older, time is more valuable and we are more motivated to use it more wisely.
In this world, there are many different individuals who are not only different in demographics but also different neurologically. Due to an immense amount of people it is important to first understand each individual, in order, to better understand them and to help them when it comes to certain areas such as education, the work force, and etc…. For this reason psychologists have aimed to further understand individuals through the use of psychological assessments. This paper aims to examine a particular assessment tool, the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (Fifth Edition), which measures both intelligence and cognitive abilities (Roid, 2003). This assessment is usually administered by psychologists and the scores are most often used to determine placement in academics and services allotted to children and adolescents (despite their compatibility for adults) (Wilson & Gilmore, 2012). Furthermore before the investigation dives into the particulars of the test, such as its strengths and weakness’, it is best to first learn more about the intelligence scales general characteristics.
Everyone wants to know exactly who they are and why people differ so drastically at times. There are areas and situations that can be similar and memories that can be shared, but every human is their very own individual who is shaped by so many different things; such as the outside environment and society to past, present, and future events, needs, and wants. The social world plays a significant role in how the person will interact, how it influences the person, and how will they perceive their behavior. All of this is a normal part of life and seen as acceptable to build and grow behaviors. An individual consists of three different concepts within their self. These would be self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the self-concept. These concepts interact and develop who someone is and how they are perceived in the social world. As the self becomes more defined through self-esteem, efficacy, and concept, ones insight on them selves can become much clearer.
Horn, J. L., & Cattell, R. B. (1967). ‘Age differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence’. Acta Psychological, 26, 107-129.
Lohman, D. F. (1998). Fluid intelligence, inductive reasoning, and working memory: Where the theory of Multiple Intelligences falls short. Talent development IV: Proceedings from the
The present paper illustrates my reflections regarding the article “Memory and Aging: Selected Research Directions and Application Issues”, the third lecture “Psychosocial Issues”, and our class discussion. All of them brought up important issues regarding the psychological health of older adults, however, one theme was common across them: the role of social interaction on cognition and emotion.
Late Adulthood comes with a great number of things, which typically simply build on what was discovered in Adulthood. The ideal remaining relevant in society is in the forefront; while traditional work may end volunteerism picks up (Berger, 2014). Those that have the ability to work do so in order to maintain social relationships fighting the isolation, and loneliness that is a major problem. Speaking with my grandmother she talked about barriers she has faced throughout the aging process to include; coping in retirement, loss of friends, and the idea of becoming frail.
Childhood and adulthood are two different but equally important times in our lives. Childhood is the period of time when we are still growing up. Adulthood is the time in our life when we are grown up, though we may still be developing as people. Throughout the world, the beginning of adulthood is usually legally deemed to occur at a certain age, for instance, 18 or 21 years old. However, it can also be argued that we become adults as soon as we become independent, responsible for our own actions, and able to participate as a part society.
Some people belief that when they are old, their cognition will decrease, especially in decision-making and learning new things. On the contrary, older people have a wise brain and perfect skill because different skill of Cognition which is the process of knowing and understanding (longman dictionary) will peak at different time, some is soon while some take a longer time. Besides as people are ageing they have more experience as well as more knowledge to increase their ability to learn, that why we have a sayings like” the older, the wiser”. Furthermore, our brain is working as the same as our skin or body if only they take care of their brain in the right way they can keep their brains sharp for a certain extra time.On the other hand, people
There are two different but similar stages in a person’s life: childhood and adulthood. I remember when I was a child, all I ever wanted to do was being an adult. Now that I am an adult or semi adult, I wish to be a child again. Looking back at my childhood everything seemed so easy. Now that I’m out in the “real world” everything seems to be ten times harder. As we continue to grow and develop we go through several stages of life. These characteristics can be distinguished by these similarities and differences: our thoughts in each stage, our actions in each stage, and our experiences.
After hearing what my mother had to say, I feel that when I am at an older age, my physical function may become more what identifies me than my cognitive function. It seems as if once your physical ability stops you from doing what you were once able to do, it identifies you more than your cognitive ability. For my mom, she still has most of her cognitive function, so that has not changed her much throughout the years. For me, my physical ability has stayed the same for many years, so that has not impacted me much. On the other hand, my cognitive ability has increased over the years, making it what identifies me the most. These two functions will change a person throughout their lifetime, but depending on what age the person is at can change the impact these functions have