Classical Therapy And Operant Conditioning

Conditioning is the process that involves the specific stimuli and specific response in order to changes the behaviours of the children. There are two type of conditioning which are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. According to Jeffery, (1965), the classical conditioning or known as Pavlovian conditioning is the changes of behaviour that was elicited by the stimulus and involuntary response, while the operant conditioning is the behaviour changes due to the consequences got. The consequences can be in term of reinforcement and punishment.

The reinforcement and punishment will determine the maintenance of the behaviour whether will be continue in the future or need to be stopped. The operant conditioning involves the voluntary

They need to report how frequent the children with ASD and feeding difficulties received therapy at their clinic and take note their referral reasons before start their therapy or operant conditioning. However, more research need to be developed since wide variability between different locations, facilities and also for service delivery and intervention choice as the study was conducted in

These scores usually measured and calculated by speech therapist or raters by counting each syllable spoken to know the subject or patient’s fluency at the end of Rating Session. Thus, token reinforcement was introduced as the subjects will be rewarded to encourage them zero stuttering and increase SPM rate while penalty was scheduled in this token system to reduce “give up” behavior. This therapy was conducted by hospitalized a group of adult male who are stutter and the treatment lasted about 21 days. In this studies, three stages were applied which in the stage A, subjects were treated by token system. For stage B and stage C, token system was combined with a graded delayed auditory feedback (GDAF) schedule designed