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Women in media gender stereotypes
Women in media gender stereotypes
Women's oppression in literature
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Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni in the collection of her short stories titled Arranged Marriage, portrays a negative image of the Indian cultural practices while discussing marital relationships in the diasporic space. The title gives the impression that Indian marriage system is not only weird but also barbaric. She fails to understand that gender bias is not unique to India, and it is a global problem.
Sarah Elizabeth Webb, a westerner, who works for a rural tribal school along the border of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in her article “Still Under Siege” comments that gendered oppression is an accepted norm in USA. She says:
The point, really, is that the U.S. is certainly not innocent of gender oppression. Sure, the gendered norms are less strict than in the rural parts of India. But is that, perhaps, more dangerous? In India, there is political rhetoric surrounding the issue of gender equality, and laws-made to protect the rights of women, There are often problems with the enforceability of these laws, but the rhetoric is certainly there. In America, on the other hand, most politicians turn a blind eye to the issue, reminding women to be grateful of the rights that they have been given. (Hindu, Magazine 3)
The title of Divakaruni’s book is the result of an aggressive marketing strategy. It is an attempt to carve a market segment in the western societies. Divakaruni looks back at India and its culture from the colonizer’s point of view. Husne Jahan points out “In demonstrating her indebtedness to western feminist notions and in voicing criticism of women’s subjugation in India, Divakaruni repeatedly maligns far too many facets of Indian society and culture” (43).
Here, Edward S...
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−−−.“Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s Arranged marriage: A Perspective.” English Literature: Voices of Indian Diaspora. Ed.Malti Agarwal.New Delhi:Atlantic, 2009. !50-157.Print.
Jahan, Husne. “Colonial Woes in Postcolonial Writing: Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s
Arranged Marriage.” The Atlantic Literary Review. 5.3-4 (2004): 41-60.Print.
−−−. “Colonial Woes in Postcolonial Writing: Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s Arranged Marriage.” The Atlantic Literary Review. 5.3-4 (2004): 41-60.Print.
Parameswaran, Uma. “Home is where your feet are, and may your heart be there too!” Writers of Indian Diaspora: Theory and Practice. Ed. Jasbir Jain. New Delhi: Rawat Publications, 2011. 30-39. Print.
Said, Edward W. Orientalism. New York: Vintage, 1979. Print.
Webb,Sarah Elizabeth. “Still under Seige.” Hindu 2 Dec 2012, Magazine Weekly
Edition .3.Print.
While describing his climb, Krakauer exhibits his ambivalent feelings towards his voyage through the descriptions of a fearsome yet marvelous landscape, fragility versus confidence, and uncertainty about personal relationships.
The factors of arranged marriages are chiefly superficial. The most important factor to consider is the reputation of the family. The marriage needs to be respectable without any scandals attached. The goal seems to be to marry into a more prestigious family than one’s own. People who marry down in class, especially women, often disappoint their parents. Some parents will even disown their children if they do not agree with the child’s choice of a partner. In Mr. Smolinsky’s case, he ridicules his daughters into arranged marriages and even criticizes them after they are married. Even though his daughters’ home situations are terrible because of him, he does not take the blame for his matchmaking but rather turns it around on his children. He brought it upon himself to marry off his children by going to a matchmaker in town. He thought a diamond dealer named Moe Mirsky would be a good choice for a son-in-law. His original intent was for him to marry Fania but his daughter, Mashah who was forever heartbroken, agreed to marry him instead. After she married an...
Jhumpa Lahiri, the author of the story, “The Third and Final Continent,” grew up being aware of conflicting expectations from two different countries. As Jhumpa mentioned, “I was expected to be Indian by Indians and Americans by Americans (Lahiri, pg 50).” The Third and Final Continent leaves the reader with a positive notion of the immigrant experience in America. The narrator recalls his school days in London, rooming with other foreign Bengalis, and trying to settle in this new world. He talks about how when he was 36 years old when his own marriage was arranged and he first flew to Calcutta, to attend his wedding. This statement is unique because it depicts the differences between an American culture and an Indian culture. At the time of marriage he is 36 years old and he didn’t pick who he wanted to get married to. Marriage in India is something that most parents set compared to other countries where they can marry someone of choice. Indians settle down by an arranged marriage ma...
Growing up in a traditional Punjabi family with both of my parents being born and raised in India has been an experience that I can only fully comprehend now at the age of twenty-three. Realizing how backward our culture is when it comes to women’s equality among family and society is an astonishing thought. Even though there is more gender equality here in America than in India within our households the women are still subjected to live and serve the men of the house. This custom has become almost an unconscious thought, to think of Punjabi women living in a traditional family more than a maid or babysitter would be blasphemous and heretical talk.
The first difference between American culture and Indian culture is marriage. A wedding is a great social event in our society, which establish a new bond between two individuals and families. Marriage is a joyful occasion with plenty of music, dance, partying and merrymaking. It also brings together a long-lost friends, relatives and acquaintances. In India, the parents choose the mate for their child, which is called an arranged marriage. In most cases, the bri...
Not only oppression from men, but also from society in general. In countries other than American, women are fighting daily for simple rights such as
In "The White Women's Burden,” Josephine Butler Campaign Against Contagious Disease is dissected throughout this reading as a means of exemplifying the rise of imperial feminism and the attitudes of the early British suffragist who bore its “imaginative, no no less hegemonic feminist world order” (301). In this way, Burton uses Butlers campaign and its intersection with the British Empires agenda for India to show how integral Indian women were for British women’s progress. While, Burton sights that the intensions of Butler’s ideologies and purpose for working “behalf of Indian women” came from genuine misperspections about what women were robbed of in Indian cultures, just as we saw in last weeks reading there were an ulterior benefits to
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. "Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourse." Feminist Review. 30 (Autumn 1988): 65-88.
In the article Arranging a Marriage in India, Serena Nanda, a professor of Anthropology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, writes about what she learned about arranged marriages in India from interviewing informants and participating in arranging a marriage herself. Nanda brought in some American biases about how marriage and love are “supposed” to work. She initially had trouble accepting why someone would want or let another arrange their marriage instead of seeking a partner themselves. Nanda’s difficulty understanding arranged marriages, is a result of having grown up in a culture that leaves such decisions to the individual. Furthermore, if the quotes given in the article are an indication, Nanda let her biases influence her conduct
The subjects of feminist ethnography should be allowed to speak for themselves. Women in primitive societies have more privileges than white women in the states. Status of the oppressed group is a representation of the civilization’s conscious meter. What does this say about American and the recent allegations of powerful men taking advantage and sextual abusing silenced women? If American women are amongst the most liberated why must the men be taught constantly how to respect women?
Postcolonial authors use their literature and poetry to solidify, through criticism and celebration, an emerging national identity, which they have taken on the responsibility of representing. Surely, the reevaluation of national identity is an eventual and essential result of a country gaining independence from a colonial power, or a country emerging from a fledgling settler colony. However, to claim to be representative of that entire identity is a huge undertaking for an author trying to convey a postcolonial message. Each nation, province, island, state, neighborhood and individual is its own unique amalgamation of history, culture, language and tradition. Only by understanding and embracing the idea of cultural hybridity when attempting to explore the concept of national identity can any one individual, or nation, truly hope to understand or communicate the lasting effects of the colonial process.
The story I have chosen for my assignment is `Everything's Arranged' by Siew Yue Killingley. It is about arranged marriages practised by the Indian communities.The story is centered around Rukumani, a young maiden from the Ceylonese Tamil community whose family has settled in Malaya. Probably her father or grandfather was brought to this land by the British those days. Though Rukumani, is sent to study in the university (`MU' as stated in the story ), the thinking of her parents is just like how it was back in their motherland, Sri Lanka. The Ceylonese, however educated, still hold to their tradition, beliefs and family values so adamantly. Education failed to change their thinking. Social life is a taboo for their young sons what more for a daughter.
In Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s story titled “Clothes”, part of the collection titled Arranged Marriage, she tells the story of Sumita, an Indian woman placed into an arranged marriage with Somesh Sen. Young and nervous, Sumita journeys across the world to live with her new husband in California. Sumita’s story does not solely focus on her marriage, but also displays the evolution of her confidence and strength. She takes a lesser traveled path to self-discovery, facing hardships of moving to a new country, leaving her family and joining a new one, to becoming a widow. More than just garments, Sumita’s saris and American clothing are key in helping Sumita transition from girlhood to womanhood, to warrior- helping her gain confidence and strength down the path of self-discovery.
Many of the marriages in India are arranged. While the tradition is becoming less and less popular, parents will often search to find the right partner for their children. It is not just two people getting married,
The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy tells the story of the communist state of Kerala and the forbidden love between two castes, which changes the lives of everyone. In the novel an ‘Untouchable’, Velutha is a carpenter and works at Paradise Pickles and Preserves for much less than he deserves because of his status as an Untouchable in the caste system. Velutha falls into a forbidden love with a divorced woman, Ammu who is associated with an upper caste Syrian Christian Ipe family. Marriage was the only way that Ammu could have escaped this life, but she lost the chance when marrying the wrong man, as he was an alcoholic and this resulted in them getting a divorce. Ammu breaks the laws that state ‘who should be loved, and how and how much’, as their affair threatens the ‘caste system’ in India, which is a hierarchal structure and social practice in India in which your position in society is determined and can’t be changed. Arhundati Roy portrays the theme of forbidden love within the caste systems and shows how they are t...