To help j it’s important to understand his basic child development. A careful assessment of him in his environment is key. Cases involving child care and protection usually requires multidisciplinary input, if necessary the transit home, a clinical psychologist, a mental health counselor, and other social service professionals will be considered. The theory that will be used in relation to this case is the Ecological System Theory, which provides a means to identify and describe the environments in which the child exists. These environmental systems are the: microsystem, mesosystem, ecosystem, macro system and chronosystem. These five systems play an important role and provide insight on the person in the environment. It helps us understand …show more content…
The microsystem theory deals with the direct environment in a person’s life that includes family, teachers, friends and neighbors. The relationship in the Microsystems dictates how one socializes, influencing how people treat others. This influential system affected J the most. The abuse and neglect caused psychological issues for him because in his mind a mother is supposed to show him love by making time and a father should not hit or show aggression to his son but love him and be there for him. He also appears to be socially withdrawn especially after being ridiculed by his peers, attention seeking choosing to slap child because felt ignored, and isolated. R.E. Helfer and R.S. Kemp 1987 argue that many of the child’s basic interpersonal characteristics are affected by child abuse and neglect, and that as a result; these traits are impaired both at the time of the maltreatment and later in life. His mother weakened his self-esteem she neglected him and failed to create a positive atmosphere for …show more content…
C thought his mother was fibbing. This is an example of how his stepfather’s inability to gain security affects the client and rest of the family and this has shaped certain personality traits in J. J added that when his stepfather is away at work, the relationship with his mother is cordial. The macro system, this system is of the beliefs that cultural values and forces within the society affect the individual and their relationships. The client is being abusive; verbally, emotionally and now physically and has no choice but to stay in the environment with his mother who stayed because of Mr. C is the primary breadwinner, according to the client his mother has said she cannot take care of all of them on her own. Thus socioeconomic status caused them to ignore the problem and become accepting even though Mrs. C works hard to try to do her part. The Chronosystem, this system includes major transitions and shifts in one's lifespan; these include environmental and historical events. J’s psychological maltreatment (absence of a positive atmosphere, lack or minimal self-esteem, abuse and neglect), would influence how he would interact with everyone around
Both authors provide a inspiring job of giving an explanation as to why ‘The interaction of biological variables with environment variables results in pro-social or antisocial outcomes.’ (Karr-Morse. Wiley, 1999) There are various examples of this interaction in every chaper of the book relating in very different scenarios. This then makes the reader quickly take that this is the important essential that needs to be made that ‘children will reflect what they have taken biologically and socially.’ Karr-Morse. Wiley, 1998) This book does an amazing job of assessing an amount of issues which are related to child abuse and neglect which include for example drugs being used whilst the child is in the womb, the relationship between the child and parent; whether there is enough interaction, any influence of an primary
The purpose of this paper is to explore and discuss the bioecological and biopsychosocial health in relation to John and Anne’s scenario of domestic violence from CaseWorld. This paper will scope across the effects of domestic violence on Anne’s own bioecological model and will be explored with the use of Bronfenbrenner’s theory. Discovering the effects on Anne’s microsystems, individual effects and lastly the mesosystem of impact on the relationships in Anne’s microsystem. As well as, examining the three models of health biomedical, psychological, and sociological to discover the actual and potential impacts of domestic violence which are effecting Anne, John and their two children Dylan and Jessica.
“Although experience may affect human brain structure and function throughout the entire life span, evidence…..suggests that early experience may be particularly critical” (Rao et al., 2010). During the childhood years, adequate nurturance by parents has a large impact on optimal biological and psychological development. This includes neurological, social, emotional, and cognitive growth. Rao et al. (2010) broadly define nurturance as including “warmth, affection, and acceptance” (p. 1145). Like nurturance, many researchers have looked at the importance of similar issues such as attention, attachment, and bonding. Conversely, issues such as stressful environments and unstable relationships have been shown to have negative consequences on childhood development. The importance of this early childhood nurturance is evident in the story of Michel Oher as described in the movie The Blind Side. Due to his neglectful upbringing, Michael has many academic deficits including language problems as well as having limited social and stress management skills. However, when taken in by the Tuohy family Michael begins to thrive and flourish due to the encouraging attention he receives and the positive environment in which he now lives. Although Michael’s case is atypical, not every impoverished child gets a second chance, it does illustrate the effects that improper, and later adequate, nurturance has on a child and his or her development.
From birth, children are dependent on parents for survival and safety. Infants need this attachment in order to survive. Basic needs like shelter and food are things in that all human beings need; but for infants and children, in particular, they cannot survive independently without parents and guidance. Furthermore, as children grow, the parent-child attachment is not just physical, but it is also psychological. Adults who care for children through unconditional love and acceptance, provide positive living environments and self confidence which helps the child grow independently into an adult. Failure in this child-parent relationship in the form of long term neglect or trauma can have consequences in a child’s development physically and psychologically.
“Recent research consistently reports that persistent poverty has more detrimental effects on IQ, school achievement, and socio-emotional functioning than transitory poverty, with children experiencing both types of poverty doing less well than never-poor children. Higher rates of perinatal complications, reduced access to resources that buffers the negative effects of perinatal complications, increased exposure to lead, and less home-based cognitive stimulation partly account for diminished cognitive functioning in poor children. These factors, along with lower teacher expectancies and poorer academic readiness skills, also appear to contribute to lower levels of school achievement among poor children. The link between socioeconomic
Vaughn, M, and Q. Fu, and K. Beaver, and M. DeLisi, and B. Perron, and M. Howard. (2011). Effects of Childhood Adversity. Journal of Interpersonal Viole, 26 (17), pp. 3509-3525.
Burgess, R. L., & Conger, R. D. "Family interaction in abusive, neglectful, and normal families." Child Development 49 (1998) : 1163-1173.
The following is a critical analysis of a case study on a three year old boy named Jack. Case documents reveal that Jack expresses behaviours and developmental issues that align with a diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and/or Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Case information outlines details of Jacks infantile behaviours, family dynamics and current developmental issues. The purpose of this critical analysis is to identify and examine multiple risk factors that are present across various levels of Jack’s environment simultaneously. This type of analysis is guided by the ecological-transactional model (Bronfenbrenner, 1989). The ecological-transactional model divides environments by levels named the ontogenic environment, microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem. Each environmental level is identified by certain characteristics. The proximal systems are those that individuals are actively participating and socialising within while the distal systems are not in direct contact but still have a direct influence on the individual (Cicchetti et al., 2005). Jack’s case depicts that there are a combination of both ‘vulnerability’ and ‘challenger’ potentiating factors across all levels of his environment. Vulnerabilities and challengers are a type of risk factor which Cicchetti et al. (2005) describe as variables that increase the potential for maladaptive trajectories. Vulnerability factors are those that are enduring risk factors present in the child’s life while challenger factors are transient risk factors (Cicchetti et al., 2005). There is a predominance of risk factors within Jack and his family’s context but there are also protective factors present which are those factors that promote a...
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory will be applied throughout this essay to delve into the reasoning behind particular behavioural issues. According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, an individual has multiple environments known as their ecological systems (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). Bronfenbrenner (1994) suggests that a developing child is influenced by the relationships surrounding them and the best way to understand a child’s behaviour is to look at the numerous aspects of the child’s environment and how they interact with each other. The relationships and environments that the child interacts with have been separated into layers known as the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem and the overarching chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The microsystem is the environment where the child has direct face-to-face relationships such as at home, day care and school (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The relationships formed within the microsystem directly impact the development of a child (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). It is through the processes of repeated interactions with people, objects and symbols that the human develops (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The second layer in the ecological model is the mesosystem, which is the interaction between two of the microsystems such as the relationship between a parent and a teacher (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The exosystem is an external environment, with which the
This paper will explore and investigate the impact in which domestic violence has on Anne’s bio-economical model. It will scope into Urie Bronfenbrenner’s theory and will cover the microsystem, the individual and lastly the mesosystem that leads into the discovery of isolation and depression. The remaining body will finally lead into actual and potential impacts that domestic violence can have on Anne’s, John’s and their children’s bio-psycho-social health, focusing on causes and outcomes of domestic violence within each model. This paper’s purpose being to research and conclude different factors that have influenced the psychosocial status within the case of Anne and her family created from Case World.
Child maltreatment can affect any child, usually aged 0-18, and it occurs across socioeconomic, religious, ethnic or even educational backgrounds. Arguably, child abuse and neglect is a violation of basic human rights of a child resulting from social, familial, psychological and economic factors (Kiran, 2011). Familial factors include lack of support, poverty, single parenthood, and domestic violence among others, (McCoy and Keen, 2009). The common types of child maltreatment include physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, neglect, and sexual abuse among others. Abuse and neglect can lead to a variety of impacts on children and young people such as physical, behavioral as well as psychological consequences which will affect the development and growth of the child either positively or negatively based on the environment and agency. More so, emotional, cognitive and physical developmental impacts from child neglect in the early stages of childhood can be carried on into adulthood. Research findings reveal that the experience of maltreatment can cause major long-term consequences on all aspects of a child’s health, growth as well as intellectual development and mental wellbeing, and these effects can impair their functioning as adults. Commonly, the act of abuse/ or neglect toward a child affects the child’s physical, behavioral development and growth, which can be positive or negative, depending on the child’s environment and agency. Another way to understand how the act has affected the child is to look at the child for who they are, and interviewing and observing their behaviors of their everyday life.
The first system, microsystem, is the immediate environment around a child, such as their family and carers, as this is where most of a child’s nurture will come from. From these interactions, they are going to develop the social skills and their morals. This is supported by https://www.psychologynoteshq.com,
Having faced either physical and/or sexual maltreatment, young people who are maltreated tend to have impaired physical and emotional social functions.
Does environment really play a significant role in child development? Environment plays one of the most important roles in the development of a child. There are many ways that environment can play a role in developing in a child. What does it mean when we say “environment”? In this case, environment can be any place that children live in or spend time interacting in. The environment that a child is placed in while growing up will affect their physical, social, language, emotional, and cognitive development. The toll that certain environments place on a child can be damaging or beneficial depending on the atmosphere of the environment. Different environments such as the home environment,
Perry, B. D. (2002). Bonding and Attachment in Maltreated Children: Consequences of Emotional Neglect in Childhood. Retrieved December 4, 2011, from teacher.scholastic.com: http://teacher.scholastic.com/professional/bruceperry/bonding.htm