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Multiculturalism essays
Multiculturalism essays
Multiculturalism essays
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Will Kymlicka is a Canadian political philosopher and well known for his work on multiculturalism. Chandran Kukathas is a Malaysian-born Australian political theorist, and is and known for his work in the same area. While both are major poltical thinkers and experts in their fields, they have vastly different opinions on the nature of liberalism in modern society.
Kymlicka states liberalism is related to the enactment of justice within a community in regards to the systemic disadvantages certain groups of people experience. These disadvantages which occur as a result of flaws within a system of government or society make it difficult for certain groups of people to be “equal” to others in society. His account declares liberal principles of
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By Kukathas’ definition, liberalism is the freedom from oppression, or the freedom to do as one pleases, and has nothing to do with the active promotion of one or any group. He states the best liberal government, in essence, does nothing at all. As soon as the government gets involved in the interests of different groups and the promotion of certain qualities, the ideals of the government no longer align with the ideals of true …show more content…
An example of this assimilation is seen in the UK’s government-funded program to teach people from other cultures English so they are able to communicate more easily in the host society-a society that speaks English. Someone who doesn’t speak English is immediately put at a systemic disadvantage compared to someone who does simply because they do not speak the primary language of the society they live in. Kymlicka’s solutions based on special needs makes it easier for individuals coming from different cultures to join in the host society, allowing them to participate and instigate economic and cultural growth. Kymlicka’s definition of liberalism advances society through the improvement of the individual, by giving people extra help so they can function as equals in
Liberal freedom is the absence of subjective legal or institutional restraints on the individual, containing the idea that all citizens are to be treated equally. Freedom as self-government involves an assumed individual state of independence, self-determination, superiority, and self-confidence. Participatory freedom includes the right to the individual to partake fully in the political process. Collective deliverance is agreed as the liberation of a group from outside control-from imprisonment, bondage, or domination. (Walton Jr & Smith,
Today, the definition of the term “liberal” is relatively uncontested, and its content is relatively well defined. A liberal today is someone who advocates for governmental solutions to various problems, not for unaided individual freedom. Liberals today trust and call for governmental action, not for the type of self-determination supported by Hoover. Contemporary liberals believe in individual freedom, but they typically advocate f...
Liberalism is an ideology which advocates equality of opportunity for all within the framework of a system of laws. It includes a belief in government as an institution whose primary function is to define and enforce the laws. Furthermore, a Constitution, must be developed not solely by one ruler but by representatives of the elite groups. Therefore, liberalism invariably involves a belief in the need for legislative bodies which represent the influential groups. The Constitution then defines ...
Abstract liberalism is “ideas associated with political liberalism and economic liberalism” (28). Abstract liberalism is used for a wide range of issue therefore Bonilla-Silva gives a few different examples of when this frame is used. Rationalizing Racial Unfairness in the Name of Equal Opportunity was used when asking white students “if minorities should be provided unique opportunities to be admitted into universities” (31). Most whites will state that everyone should have an equal opportunity. Those whites, “ignored the effects of past and contemporary discrimination on...
The fundamental contradiction of liberalism is that it produces inequality. In order to guarantee individual rights, in fact, a liberal government cannot force its citizens to promote equality. Furthermore, in a capitalist economy there is an incentive to produce on a mass scale, and the best way to increase productivity is to reduce the cost of labor; by reducing the cost of labor, the owners of the factories become richer, while the actual workers earn less money than they ought to. According to Karl Marx, this is the main problem of Liberalism: it somehow legalized inequality among people. So, in The Communist Manifesto, Marx explains why a total revolution of the society is inevitably going to happen.
Turning now to Will Kymlicka’s article, I agreed with much of what Kymlicka says, however I find his ideas of multiculturalism over glorifying the Liberal accomplishments and success, as attributed to only Liberal success in making multiculturalism more popular. However, I find that the issue of multicultural...
- Liberalism is a form of political structure where the powers of the government are limited against the people and their property
Liberalism is an ideology and due to the changing views of historical persons, who have each viewed themselves to be Liberals, is difficult to define precisely. There are five agreed defining tenants of Liberalism. The most important of these, percolating through the ideology, is the ‘Importance of the Individual’, and closely interlinked with this is ‘Freedom’, which leads on to the concept of ‘Individual Freedom or liberty’. Liberals believe that humankind is a rational species, and thus ‘Reason’ is a third tenant. Furthermore Liberalism advocates that the principle of ‘Justice’ and Toleration’ are fundamental in the well being of society and each of these aspects relates directly back to the quintessential first tenant. Liberalism, according to Habermas “emphasizes individual freedom from restraint and is usually based on free competition, the self-regulating market, and the gold standard; c: a political philosophy based on belief in progress, the essential goodness of the human race, and the autonomy of the individual and standing for the protection of political and civil liberties.” As an individualist, rather than a collectivist ideology the individual is placed as the building block of society. J. S. Mill says ...
On the other hand, liberalism’s main principles emphasise, human rights, individuality, equality before the law...
Liberalism-derived from the Latin word ‘liber’ which means “free and not enslaved”- is seen as the dominant ideology of the western civilisation. During the European history before the modern society, it was characterised by absolutism and feudalism. That time was also called ‘the age of absolutism’.... ... middle of paper ... ...
...aditions of certain cultural practices, but not to the extent of making it a political theory. In todays world, we need a solid foundation to each individual in order to have a working, non-oppressive, self-respecting society. The liberal approach respects the ideals of certain cultures, but not to the extent of the communitarian. Overall, the liberal theory of justice is a more relevant political theory in our globalized world.
Liberalism is universalistic and tolerant. It believes that all persons share fundamental interest in self preservation and material well being. Each individual must be allowed to follow hi s or her own preferences as long as they do not d...
Liberalism in the sense of a political philosophy was created on the ideas of equality and liberty for everyone. Basically liberalism is concerned with the notion of how individuals in political communities are able to maximize their freedom without violating the rights of other individuals. The liberalistic view on politics is that a legitimate government is necessary to protect the rights of individuals from being harmed by others. Liberalism also ensures that there is a higher authority which protects the freedoms and rights of individuals while also ensuring legitimacy of government. Liberalism is the founding base for much of the Western world’s government policies and constitution. Liberalism ensures tolerance and promotes acceptance between humans and their differences.
Modern American Liberalism combines social liberalism with support for social justice and a mixed economy and value institutions that defend against economic inequality It is a form of social liberalism developed from progressive ideals. It enhances social liberalism and social progressivism while also supporting the important social issues of todays society. These include addressing inequality, voting rights for minorities, reproductive and other women's rights, support for same-sex marriage, and immigration reform. John F. Kennedy defined a liberal as follows:
Liberalism is a political or social philosophy that advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary system of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutes to assure unrestricted development in all sphere of the human endeavor, and governmental guarantees of individual rights and civil liberties.