Case Study Osteoporosis

1.Osteoporosis is a disease when the density of the bones is decreased, thus making the bones fragile and easily fractural. The disease can be characterized by the imbalance of osteoclasts ('bone breakers') and osteoblasts ('bone makers'), this imbalance causes loss of bone tissue and lower bone mass which can result in fragile bones. The main cause of osteoporosis is the lack of hormones that stimulate the bone formation (estrogen for women and androgen for men). That is why a lot of women suffer from osteoporosis after menopause. Another common cause of osteoporosis is the lack of Calcium in the body. Osteoporosis is often diagnosed only after a fracture and once the disease has developed it can't be cured, but it can be controlled.

2.

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• As usually older people suffer from osteoporosis and older people have loss of coordination and balance there is a higher risk for them to fall over which can result is bone fractures

• In case of jumping, running or other weight bearing exercises with sudden changes there is a higher risk of the fracture of the pelvis, which can lead to the inability to walk and might have a slow healing process.

3.

• Resistance exercises build and maintain the bone density and bone mass.

• Exercising builds muscular endurance which improved the posture and that way the pressure from the spine is taken away and it is protected from compression fractures.

• Exercising improves balance and coordination that prevents falling, thus the risk of bone fractures.

4.

• Avoid exercises that require bending, twisting, hyper flexion of the spine, for example, sit-ups, because it increases the risk of spine fractures.

• Make sure that the workout environment is safe and there is no increased risk of falling