Essay On Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a systemic, debilitating disease of the skeleton, characterized by significantly decreased bone mass in combination with the deterioration of bone microarchitecture. Osteoporosis has three types of categories the first category is type 1 which occurs in women after menopause and results from declining levels of estrogen and other sex hormones in the body, this could also occur in men due to low levels of the sex hormone testosterone. Type 2 is called Senile Osteoporosis, which occurs in elderly men as well as elderly women because of decreased bone formation due to aging. Type 3 is caused by long term use of medication usually with steroids and drugs to treat elipsy. Osteoporosis which literally means “Porous Bone”,

Other common symptoms are gum diseases, tooth decay, premature graying of hair, arthritis low back pain, leg cramps, nail growth. Fragility fracture occurs when a person falls from a standing position or a low height and breaks a bone that would not break in a person with a healthy bone. Heritability of bone mass estimated to account for 60-90% of its variance (Kaczkowsi, 2013). Osteoporosis risk factors can change, and others cannot be altered the factors that cannot change are sex, race and ethnicity for example Asian and Caucasian have a higher risk of Osteoporosis than African American and Hispanic women, age, and genetic factors. Risk factors that can change are low sex hormone levels, eating disorders, depression, low intake in calcium and vitamin D, getting the right amount of exercise, and

80% of 10 million are women 10,000 women age 65 and older found bone mass fell by approximately 5% every five years in women after age 65 (Pena, 2012). According to the National Osteoporosis foundation, two million American men have Osteoporosis and about 12 million more are at risk. Every year about 80,000 men break a hip when they do they are at a greater risk of dying of complications from their injuries as women are (Pena, 2012). Caucasian and Asian women have a higher risk then Black and Hispanic woman they have a lower risk of having Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis could appear during pregnancy during the mothers third trimester or postpartum period of a first pregnancy, but this is a rare and temporary condition. Women around the ages of 40 to 60 years old would need a systematic review to determine risk of BMD this would help them determine if the women would need a screening to decrease unnecessary testing (Fitzpatrick, 2011). Although this could happen to men this is more likely to occur with women due to menopause women should have their bone density measured before and after menopause depending on their condition. Men around the age 65 should be tested men and women with other factors such as taking certain medication should be tested earlier. Women who are obese are less likely to have