Carl Rogers is known as the “leading figure” in the development for the theory of personality development. He believed that patients had a personal awareness which allowed the clients to determine their own treatment. Rogers was a Humanistic psychologist who believed that what a person needed to grow was an environment to provide them with “genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.” Humanistic psychology is the thought that all people are good, but behaviors are affected by mortality, ethical values, and good intentions.
Born January of 1902, Carl Rogers was the fourth out of six kids to be born to Walter Rogers and Julia Cushing. Rogers grew up in a suburb in Chicago, where he went to a private school. His father was very conservative so the
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Rogers acted as more of a friend, rather than a therapist. He felt that the approach would be easier and the clients would feel much more comfortable talking to someone who made things easier. Showing care, support, and acceptance was a huge must in his techniques. He called this Unconditional Positive Regard, meaning support the client whether they’re having good behavior or bad behavior and caring but not being possessive of the client. Development of the self and congruence are also a part in Rogers’ theory. He knew that the formation of a healthy self mind was shaped by past experiences. Rogers suggests that people are in a state of incongruence, meaning self image does not add up with ideal …show more content…
His biggest inspirations were Sigmund Freud, B. F. Skinner, Alfred Adler, Charles Darwin, and of course, Abraham Maslow. Every psychologist was focused on the thoughts in their clients and wondered why they had the thoughts they did. Rogers’ theory was based off of Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. The highest point on the hierarchy is self-actualization. Rogers took focus on figuring out what steps were taken to reach self-actualization. Rogers said a person is to achieve the goals, wishes, and desires in order to reach self-actualization. Opening to experience is the first characteristic in realizing all the potential. In this step, the patient is accepting both positive and negative emotions and the negative emotions are then worked through. The second step is called existential living. This means avoiding rough experiences and being able to enjoy the present and not resent the past. Trust feelings is the next step. Trusting should not only be in your friends, but in yourself, too. Rogers’ step was said to trust and acknowledge your feelings, instincts, and gut-reactions to make the best choices. Being creative is the fourth step. Be creative, outgoing, and take the risks. The step says that a person can not “play it safe all the time,” this is the way to find and enjoy new experiences. Last but not least, a fulfilled life. You have reached the moment of pure happiness and satisfaction and will continue to find new
You limit yourself from experiencing life in all of its wonderful complexity’’. In other words, this text is trying to say that positive thinking gets in the way of seeing the full truth or the whole part of life and it takes away the experience of realizing the bad things, the mistakes you make. However, these people are wrong because by dreaming about a life we want or imagine to have is setting goals for ourselves.
Carl Roger (1951) established the Person-centred therapy originally known as the client-centred therapy which is founded on the humanistic psychology that states human should be seen as dignified individuals that have the ultimate power to achieve change in their lives.
This segment was well received largely because this can be viewed as a universal concept. A highlight of the counseling session was seen in Gloria 's persistent attitude and her reluctancy to make her own decisions. Oftentimes in our human nature our decisions are derived from a combination of our values, morals, and standards. But sometimes we face situations when our values and the decisions that we are making are contradictory to one another (this is the dilemma that Gloria faced). What Dr. Rogers identified was the fact that we know what decision we want to make however we seek validation/acceptance from others. This what is known as prizing: seeking quality acceptance from others. As a result, we begin to contemplate and debate over every little decision in our lives therefore decreasing our confidence to make decisions on our own. Rogers practices enables his clients the ability to empower and uplift themselves in order to increase their self awareness. This is the type of influence that teachers, mentors, and parents can have over individuals by positive reassurance and not just telling people what to do. Gloria expressed to Dr. Rogers on several occasions that what she wanted was for him to tell her exactly what she should do; but instead he implemented counseling behaviors such as influencing her to be confident in her own
In its most basic form, personality is what defines a person through their “…expression of emotions, relationship building, and their individual patterns of behavior…” (CITE). Two of the most prolific theories on the formation of personality were developed by neurologist Sigmund Freud and psychologist Carl Rogers. Both Freud and Rogers worked in psychotherapy, the area of therapy, which “…focuses on fostering a positive mental well-being…” (CITE). These men based their general theories of personality on their experiences with patients, however their conclusions are worlds apart. Rogers is recognized for his approach to therapy where the “…client…” has a more direct role in the process (CITE). Whereas Freud is best known for his work on the unconscious mind.
Famous psychological theorists Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers were both the greatest researchers in our modern time. They both made a lot of advancement in psychological fields, clinical evidence and expertise. They both developed a theory of 'hidden' personality’, in which the psychologists theorized that people have a ‘hidden' personality within them, one which they are not aware of. This concept indicated that the human nature and the role play in rationale behind the human motivation. Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers do have same common in their theories. They were both influenced by working within their patients and shared the familiarity through the many years of clinical performance. Based on their experimental studies, Sigmund Freud believed that the human nature is inherently aggressive, and Carl Rogers sustained that the people are innately are good. Indeed, Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers have diverse opinions and different assumptions on the personality of a human. During the contemporary scientific research, I prefer to agree with Roger’s theory over the Freudian model because it is more in tune with findings of my experiences.
Humanistic psychology relies on client centred therapy and the idea that each individual has the potential to achieve a position in their psyche named self actualisation. Humanistic psychology differs from psychodynamic theory in that it is optimistic about the human psyche and does not view conflict as inevitable. Humanistic psychology assumes people attach meaning to their unique perspectives on the world and that behaviour is strongly influenced by this. Carl Rogers defined the healthy personality as being one that had congruence between the perceived self and the experienced self and that the individual in question experienced unconditional positive regard from their parent or guardian. He defined an unhealthy personality as being one which lacked these components. Abraham Maslow alternatively suggested a hierarchy for which a person’s healthy personality could be measured by stages of psychological and physical needs (see diagram 2). He suggested that, for a person to achieve self actualisation and become a fully functioning person, they must first satisfy all the needs of each level in the pyramid before moving onto the next
It is inevitable that in psychotherapy there are numerous theories. Theories arise out of scholarly investigations of ideas on human behavior. Human behavior is an extraordinarily interesting subject and therefore produces a plethora of ideas from a variety of theorists. These theorists are influenced by their education, culture, and time period. One influential theorist is Carl Rogers. His contributions to human behavior have changed many of the theories that preceded him, and his theory contributed to many theories that followed.
The Rogerian school of thought was developed by Carl Rogers and deviated from Freud’s psychoanalytic and the behavioral theories that were popular at the time. The Rogerian or client-centered approach was seen as an alternative to the then-dominant models in American psychology of behaviorism and psychoanalysis and as such became aligned with the emerging third force of humanistic psychology (Joseph & Murphy, 2012). The Rogerian approach does not rely on stages of development or conditioned responses to create a behavior change in the client. The Rogerian approach is primarily focused on the individual personal experience of the client. Behavior change is accomplished through the process of self-actualization. Self-actualization motivates an individual to seek the full potential of their abilities. Rogers views human beings as inherently good and they desire to self-actualize (Peltier, 2009). Rogerian thought is also commonly referred to as person-centered, client based, or the emphatic approach.
The person centred approach been developed by Carl Rogers (1902-1087) - American psychologist and psychotherapist representing the humanist trend, representative of the holistic approach to human psychology, he dealt with the psychology of personality. Rogers is a creator of the 'person-centered' non-selective psychotherapy system. He presented his theory in the book "Client-centered Therapy" (Client-Centered Therapy, 1951); author of several books on psychotherapy and personality. Rogers created therapies focused on the client.
Two proponents most noted for humanistic approaches to personality are Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Both the Person-Centered Theory (Rogers) and the Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow) considered that humans ' true nature was good and that each has the potential for growth. A comparison of the two approaches demonstrates a compatibility between theory and practice. Furthermore, each approach focuses on individual choices and rejects the theory that biology will determine human potential.
In the second part of the book Rogers speaks of his ideas of his theory of the person-centered approach to therapy. This is the part of the book that I felt really spoke to me. Person-centered theory is a lot of what I would like to do. I enjoy the ideas and concepts that Rogers presents in his theory. I think that it is extremely important to be able to take into consideration not only the diagnosis of the patient/client with whom you are working, but that it is more important to be able to take the time to sit back and to listen to them. I have realized in the year that I have been working in the psychiatric hospital how important it is for the patient/client to just sit back and listen to what it is they're saying to you. This however does not mean I am only hearing their words, but that I am listening at a much deeper level and actually he...
The humanistic perspective on personality deals exclusively with human behavior. Humanistic psychologists believe that human nature includes a natural drive towards personal growth, that humans have the freedom to choose what they do regardless of environmental factors, and humans are mostly conscious beings and are not controlled by unconscious needs and conflicts. They also believe that a person's subjective view of the world is more important than objective reality. Two of the humanistic theorists that have made an impact of humanism are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Rogers believed in his theory and stated that the organism has one basic goal self-actualization. He expressed his optimistic approach when he explained that all of us have the tendency to grow until we reach self-actualization. Also, he mentions that we exist because we need to gratify this need that we all have buried deep down inside of us. In relation to personality, he says individuals are open-minded and trusting to their own feelings and their environment around them. Rogers’ theory does emphasize when a person will finally reach self-actualization and that is from the experiences of his or her childhood. He says every child needs to obtain acceptance and unconditional love from others and a child will only be taken good care of and loved if he or she suits the expectancies of the others. Therefore, because of these, Rogers theorized that these conditions give an increasing level of influence to the person’s behavior. When his or her behavior and actions are continually reinforced by such conditions, the individual develops the personality type that corresponds to the generality of their
Some of the reason I find Rogers’ theory interesting is because of the “humanistic psychology emphasizes the active role of the individual in shaping their internal and external worlds, the person is also active, creative, and experiencing being who lives in the present and responds to current perceptions, relationships and encounters, the basic instinct to succeed, and the potential for goodness.” I believe that no matter where you come from or who your family is you can succeed and we should always strive to be the best person we can be and a positive self-concept can help us accomplish this goal. “One theory as to why having a positive outlook enables you to cope better with stressful
In the centre of the humanistic approach stands the subjective experience of individuals, the emphasis is that humans rather choose how to behave based on their free will (Derobertis, 2013). The approach rejects that behaviour is bound by past or current circumstances or ruled by uncontrollable forces, but rather believes that humans make decisions regarding their actions based on their own choices and that people are generally good (Glassman & Hadad, 2009). The main dominator of personality development is the self-actualization (Rogers, 1959). The pioneers of the humanistic approach are Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow and George Kelly. Carl Rogers named the person seeking treatment a client and not a patient, he established the client-centred