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Effects of buildings on the environment
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The development of multi-story buildings has followed the growth of the countries. These countries have a highly increasing population and migration, so they need a high rise building for different function such as; residential and commercial. Nowadays, the high rise buildings demonstrate the strength of the economy of the country, so modern buildings have become taller, stronger and more attractive than that were in the past. This is depends on mechanical equipment likes elevators and water pumps .Also, the programs that made an easy to design a high rise buildings. Moreover, the construction material that use in built such as; steel or reinforced concrete frameworks and glass curtain walls.
An example of modern building in the UAE, with multi
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Aggregates which are mixed of fine to coarse that help to increase the strength of concrete. Hydration process occurs when cement mixed with water and that caused hardness for the cement. Moreover, there are an advantages and disadvantages of concrete. On one hand, some of the advantages of concrete are economical, high durability
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and resistant to wind, water, rodents and insect. On the other hand, the concrete has some disadvantages which are low tensile strength, low ductility and susceptible to cracking.
2.3.2 Steel:
Steel is used in many forms of construction and it is present in nearly every form of reinforced concrete. Structural steel is composed mainly of iron with a small amount of carbon (>2%). Carbon has a very marked effect on the properties of steel that increased the hardness. Moreover, steel has many properties that is needed to be considered by designers such as strength, toughness, ductility and durability. Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing while ductility is a measure of the degree to which a material can strain or elongate without fracture. Whereas, durability is long lasting material that resists wear. In contrast, steel has disadvantages which are
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Nowadays most of people work in the center of the city and also there is another problem, city attractions for tourists are in the center of city. Therefore, the multi-story buildings decrease the energy of transportation to reach several terminuses in the center of the city and this can be very helpful to the environmental. However, concentration of population in one area causes problems in traffic or in availability of parking lots, which considered a big problem in our country, especially in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The parking problems can be solved by constructing basement level for parking lots which should be sufficient to provide adequate space for all vehicles of residents who lives in those multi-story building.
2.6.2 Potential Ethical Issues:
After what we have discussed in last paragraph there are some disadvantages that caused by increasing the number of multi-story buildings. The important reason is that it might affect the identity of the country. For example, there are some old houses and archeological
The extraordinary power of the steel industry to shape the life of its communities and the people in them remain...
Andrew Carnegie for instance, was astounded by Henry Bessemer's convenient way of altering iron ore into steel by means of incredibly hot air; which triggered Carnegie to consider opening a steel plant in the United States. The steel plants benefits included being able to build skyscrapers, and bridges at a reasonable cost due to his low priced and economical fees. In addition, "Steel meant more jobs, national prestige, and a
These include, high strength, low weight, high chemical resistance and high cut resistance. This material does not corrode or rust and is also unaffected when placed in or under water.
One of the major effects of the Technological Revolution was the increased production of steel among the four European powers(Russia, France, Germany, and Britain). In 1911, for example, Russia was outputting nearly 600 times the amount of steel than they had in 1871. This surge in production was mainly caused by British metallurgist Henry Bessemer's method for obtaining the desired amount of carbon in the steel. The use of these Bessemer blast furnaces was widely adopted by industrial countries that needed to construct railroads, heavy artillery, and warships. Steel eventually replaced iron as the main metal used in housing, because it was stronger,cheaper to produce, and less corrosive. This allowed for more durable buildings, giving architects more freedom to design. (Hause, Maltby 756)
How does the development of steel affect the development of civilizations?Steel is one of the biggest thing why this world is unequal because it was going to make doing jobs easy for everyone. In new guinea, they really couldn't make steel because it was too rainy and they spending all their time getting and making sago.So they didnt have time to have any specialist
By adding up to 2%,of carbon it makes the steel tough and strong. Although it’s tough and strong, it is able to bend. To make sure that the metal doesn’t rust, it has a zinc coating on it. Iron is 26 on the periodic table,and considered an “transition metal,” meaning that it is ductile and malleable, and conduct electricity and heat. ... “Some other elements that are similar to iron are cobalt and nickel. They are the only elements known to produce a magnetic field.” Zinc is 30 on the periodic table and it is also a transition metal like iron. “The first iron used by humans is likely to have come from meteorites.” A meteorite is a meteor that survives its passage through the earth's atmosphere such that part of it strikes the ground. More than 90 percent of meteorites are of rock, while the remainder consist wholly or partly of iron and nickel. Meteors are believed to have been from the asteroid belt of Mars and
Stainless steel is a type of alloy that has a very strong lattice structure (an arrangement/ shape of the crystals or other objects) which in some case can be more beneficial than others depending on the type of application it may be used for. In many cases this structure will make the material more suited to being used in engineering applications such as tools for instance a hammer (stainless steel alloys) , also they can be used for gears, engines, electrical motors and hydraulic systems because the structure makes the material so strong. So when the arrangement of the structure is as above it makes the overall material even stronger which makes it a good for all the applications stated above. I believe its strength and durability are its main properties as these are commonly needed in the engineering industry, although it is also very well known to be used for its corrosion resistance as it is resistant to many types of corrosion. It is used for these properties because the components such as gears need to be strong in order to keep transferring and altering the rotary motion and torque exhibited in the machine that it may be used in, durable to withstand any loads or pressure put onto it and also corrosion resistance to give the components a bigger life span and increase its rate of work throughout its required use.
At the Rio Grande campus, a bigger parking garage has been built which helps in controlling the parking problem. Considering the situation that was present at Rio, no one ever thought that the problem of parking will ever be solved. When students expressed their feelings about the situation, the campus management decided to build a larger parking garage that has since helped the bigger population at the Rio Grande campus. The population at some ACC campuses are not as big as that of the Rio Grande campus but there is still hope that building a larger parking garage will help the students to park
un ejemplo de material con buena resistencia a la compresión. Cualquier cosa que deba soportar un peso encima, debe poseer buena resistencia a la compresión. También está la resistencia a la flexión. Un polímero tiene resistencia a la flexión si soporta una flexión como ésta: Existen otras clases de resistencia de las que podríamos hablar. Un polímero tiene resistencia a la torsión si es resistente cuando es puesto bajo torsión.
Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material in the world. The reason for this is because concrete is strong, easy to make and can be molded into various shapes and sizes. Besides that, concrete is cheap, affordable and is readily mix.
A steel is usually defined as an alloy of iron and carbon with the content between a few hundreds of a percent up to about 2 wt%. Other alloying elements can amount in total to about 5 wt% in low-alloy steels and higher in more highly alloyed steels such as tool steels and stainless steels. Steels can exhibit a wide variety of properties depending on composition as well as the phases and microconstituents present, which in turn depend on the heat treatment.
The advantages and disadvantages are outlined throughout the discussion;
It is made from different materials by skill carpenters. Formwork is commonly made of Steel and Timber.
There are many areas on campus that present terrible traffic conditions due to narrow roads. Majority of these streets have added congestion from the parallel parking that lines at least one side of the road. Two examples of roads that illustrate these issues are 5th Avenue and 11th Street. 5th Avenue is one of the main ways
This is due to the fact that in urban cities everything is so congested and in