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Essay on bomb calorimeter
Science chapter calorimeter
Science chapter calorimeter
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Chemistry Proposal: Bomb Calorimeter
Introduction:
A calorimeter is an object used to measure the heat of chemical reactions. The calorimeter is very accurate because it prevents heat loss. There are many types of calorimeters such as Simple calorimeter which consist of thermometer attached to a container (cup or plastic container), or Bomb calorimeter which is a more advanced and can measure under higher temperature.
What is Bomb Calorimeter?
Bomb Calorimeter is an equipment used in calorimetry. It’s used to measure the heat changes of a system, the physical property changes, and the thermal capacity. It is discovered by Antoine Lavoisier in 1780.
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What are the differences between simple calorimeter and bomb calorimeter?
A coffee cup calorimeter (simple calorimeter) is great for measuring heat flow in a solution, but it can't be used for reactions which involve gasses, since they would escape from the cup. ... A bomb calorimeter, on the other hand, is used to measure heat flows for gases and high-temperature reactions.
What are the uses of Bomb calorimeter?
Even though it is mostly served in thermodynamics studies but that isn’t the only purpose. It has many other functions as well such as:
-Educational training: Calorimetry is one of the high-level subjects, it is taught in university. So, if a student is interested in this subject, studying of bomb calorimeter will make the student more familiar with the topic.
-Fuel Testing: To test how much heat a type of fuel can give off when it undergoes a reaction.
-Waste and refuse Disposal: To test if the wastes product (hazardous waste) could be re-used.
-Propellant and Explosive Testing: most propellants and explosives are tested by a bomb calorimeter.
Basic Bomb Calorimeter and its
Experimental Summary: First, my partner and I put the marshmallow and cheese puff on T-pins and used the Electronic Balance to measure the mass of each of them. Next, we put 100 mL of water in the 100 mL Graduated Cylinder and poured it into the 12 oz. soda can. We measured the temperature of the water with the thermometer. After
Thermodynamics is essentially how heat energy transfers from one substance to another. In “Joe Science vs. the Water Heater,” the temperature of water in a water heater must be found without measuring the water directly from the water heater. This problem was translated to the lab by providing heated water, fish bowl thermometers, styrofoam cups, and all other instruments found in the lab. The thermometer only reaches 45 degrees celsius; therefore, thermodynamic equations need to be applied in order to find the original temperature of the hot water. We also had access to deionized water that was approximately room temperature.
Lab 4: Energy Conservation: Hot Stuff!! The purpose of this experiment is to try to find the original temperature of the hot water in the heater using the 60 degrees C thermometer. Use your 60°C thermometer, and any materials available in your laboratory, to determine the temperature of the water in the coffee pot. During this experiment we calculated the original temperature of a heater after it had been cooled down, and we did this by measuring hot, cold, and warm water, with a thermometer that had tape covering 60 degrees and up.
The purpose of this lab was to calculate the specific heat of a metal cylinder
This study observed the standard and routine metabolic rates and swimming activities of nurse sharks. Nurse sharks use buccal pumping to rest on the sea floor. This sedentary behavior had not yet been studied in relation to metabolic rates before this study. This study also is one of few that observed the effcts of temperature on metabolism in sharks. By assessing the relationship between routine metabolism and ecology, a more precise understanding of the nurse sharks daily energy requirements could be obtained.
This is expressed as Δ +ve (delta positive). If the total energy put in is less than the energy created, then the substance warms up (it is exothermic). This is expressed as Δ -ve (delta negative). I will investigate eight different alcohols using an alcohol or spirit burner, to measure the energy change during burning by measuring the change in temperature of some water held in a container.
In this lab, I determined the amount of heat exchanged in four different chemical reactions only using two different compounds and water. The two compounds used were Magnesium Hydroxide and Citric Acid. Both compounds were in there solid states in powder form. Magnesium Hydroxide was mixed with water and the change in heat was measured using a thermometer. The next reaction combined citric acid and magnesium hydroxide in water. The change in heat was measured as well. For the third reaction citric acid was placed in water to measure the change in heat. In the last reaction, citric acid was combined with water. The heat exchanged was again measured. It is obvious we were studying the calorimetry of each reaction. We used a calorimeter
To gain reliable results we needed a temperature rise of 50 degrees centigrade in the quickest time. possible. Then we can do it. Using the Propanol burner with different volumes of water we. tested the flame at varying distances under the calorimeter measured.
If the pot is close to the heat source, more heat is directed to the water so it will be heated faster. Alcohols: Different alcohols have different bond structures, some bonds need more energy to break them than others, and some release more energy when they are broken. Temperature increase: I could change the amount the temperature has to rise before I record my results. This will only affect the amount of fuel used, so hasn’t got much relevance to the experiment. If I did a calculation from the results I have for the temperature rising to 10 c then I would be able to work out how much fuel would be used, if I heated the water to 50 c. X 10 x 50" By dividing the amount of fuel used by the temperature raised you will be given the amount of fuel used per c. If you multiply the amount of fuel used per c, by the amount you want to find results for, you will be given an exact amount for how much fuel would be used if you heated the water to that specific temperature.
Take the cardboard cover and place it on top of the two Styrofoam cups, place a thermometer through the small hole in the cardboard cover. This creates a calorimeter. Take the calorimeter and place it into a small beaker to prevent it from falling over.
To detonate one of these bombs, enough mass of plutonium or uranium must be provided to reach what is known as "critical mass." Critical mass is the mass at which the nuclear reactions going on inside the material can make up for the neutrons that are leaving the material through its outside surface. These materials are usually separated within the bomb so that critical mass cannot be reached until the bomb is ready to explode. Once the chemical reactions within the bomb begin, the neutrons released by each reaction hit other atoms and create more fission reactions until all the material is scattered, or completely exhausted. This process releases enormous amounts of energy in the form of extreme heat and a massive shock wave. These nuclear explosions, in addition to their pressure waves, high winds, and flash burns, produce deadly radiation that contaminates soil and water, and destroyed living matter.
When the lab began, we went outside and collected our oven mitts. Then, we were handed our bag of supplies. Students were allowed to take the twist tie off without our oven mitts on, but as soon as we finished, we had to put them on. I then took out my paper and bamboo sticks. I attempted to stick them into the dirt, but the soil was too hard. I tried to tie the sticks together with a twist tie at the top, but the oven mitts prevented me from doing that.
The nuclear bomb was the most devastating weapon ever created by man. It was developed between 1942 and 1945 during the second World War. The project to build the worlds first atomic weapon was called The Manhattan Project. The nuclear bomb was based on the idea of splitting an atom to create energy, this is called fission. Three bombs were created, “Trinity”, “Little Boy”, and “Fat Man”. “Trinity” was dropped on a test site in New Mexico on July 16, 1945, proving the theories, engineering and mathematics of the bomb to be correct. Shortly after that, not more than 2 months, the U.S. performed the first actual nuclear attack in the history of war. The bomb “Little Boy” was dropped on the town of Hiroshima, instantly killing thousands. “Fat Man” was dropped shortly after on the town of Nagasaki. After the bombing almost all scientist involved with the creation of the bomb regretted its construction and spoke out against the abolishment of nuclear weapons.
If you watch the news you’ve probably heard all of the tension between us and North Korea with the nuclear arms. Well I have some knowledge to share with you. The first H bomb test and its predecessors, The components of the first H bomb and how it explodes. The science behind the H bomb is long and confusing, but I've simplified it enough to the point to make it understandable and interesting I hope.
Knowledges of nuclear energy grew fast to the 1900s. Francis Perrin, a French physicist first claimed the concept of using uranium to process nuclear fission to make a bomb. Atomic bomb is a really strong atomic weapon that release strong mass of energy during nuclear fission and destroy its surroundings when it activates. During World War Two, Germans start inventing atomic bombs. In 1939, due to the inventing process of the Germans, American president Franklin Roosevelt permitted The Manhattan project because of the Einstein’s warn of the threat of Germany to continue the invention of atomic bombs.