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The history of bollywood an essay
The history of bollywood an essay
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Bollywood – With a number peculiar feature
Bollywood is one of the largest film producers in India and one of the largest centers of film production in the world. The early 1920s saw the rise of several new production companies, and most films made during this era were either mythological or historical in nature. Raja Harishchandra (1913), by Dadasaheb Phalke, is known as the first silent feature film made in India. Imports from Hollywood, primarily action films, were well received by Indian audiences, and producers quickly began following suit. By the 1930s, the industry was producing over 200 films per annum. 1931 saw the release of first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Irani's Alam Ara, and the film that paved the way for the future of Indian cinema. The number of
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Well Film budgeting refers to the process by which a line producer, unit production manager, or filmmaker prepares a budget for a film production. A budget is typically divided into four sections: above the line (creative talent), below the line (direct production costs), post-production (editing, visual effects, etc.), and other (insurance, completion bond, etc.) Film financing can be acquired from a private investor, sponsor, product placement, film studio, Entertainment Company or out-of-pocket funds. Elements playing important role in budgeting sequentially includes story rights, screenplay, producers, directors, cast, production cost, visual effects and music. Firstly The right to produce a film based on a play, novel, musical or video game, or as a remake or sequel can cost anything from a couple of thousand to over $10 million. Then an A-list screenwriter may be paid in between $100,000 to $2 million to write a script. After that film producers and executive producers are often well-paid, with a top producer earning a seven-figure salary upfront as well as bonuses and a share of the profits. Then the director is paid about $16,800 per week, for a minimum
The reason why movies are so expensive to produce, market and distribute is that there is a long list of people involved in the process of filmmaking. Producers, writers, directors, actors, technical crews, film crews, set designers, costume designers, hair stylists and makeup artists, are some of the people who need to be paid whose names are seen as the credits roll at the end of any film. Not to mention the overhead costs of a myriad of equipment, props and the costumes themselves required in the production of a film. There are travel, food and shelter expenses if a movie is filmed on location and not in a Hollywood studio (there is a fee to use studio space as well). Once the actual filming of a movie is completed, more people are involved in editing, special effects and sound. These expenses are dependent on the sophistication of the technology and expertise. Additionally, and most costly is the marketing and distribution of a film.
n President Andrew Jackson “ He’s made his decision, now let’s see him enforce it”
Film-making is both an art and an industry. Many people were credited for the invention of motion picture. Some major names associated with motion picture include, Thomas Edison, Eadweard Muybridge, and the Lumiere brothers. There were several stages in the making of motion picture.
In the early years of narrative cinema there was little pressure on filmmakers for the ‘evolution of film forms before nickelodeons’ (Salt, 1990, pp31) as cinema neither became a mass nor high cultural product and was still a novelty but ‘Production companies’ profits were based principally on the sales of longer fiction films’ in the later years (Musser, 1990, pp256) so focus was made for the production of popular narratives so I will show how the early development of narrative evolved from trick films to complex narrative. I will analyse the short film Mary Jane’s Mishap (1903, Smith) and an extract from the seminal The Birth of a Nation (1915, D.W.Griffith).
My grandfather has always talked about how much movies have changed in such a short amount of time. His favorite movie, E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial, is an example of how editing and special effects have changed drastically since only 1982 and even from the early 1900s. Watching a movie from this year compared to a movie from the 1930s, the viewer would notice many differences ranging from effects, transitions and especially quality. When film started in the late 1800s, there was no digital technology to edit films. There have been many contributors in the film industry that have helped evolve film to its digital age of today. Edwin Porter was the first person in film history to create a narrative film. Lev Kuleshov created a technique gives films certain moods to it and can affect a person’s emotions just by the way images are juxtaposed and edited together. Danny Boyle is an example of a modern day director that developed a set of guidelines that a director should reciprocate while filming. Film editing has revolutionized and developed so much since the early 1900s to now because of important contributors throughout its history that developed new technology and techniques.
A crew includes a screenwriter, whose job it is to provide the written blueprint version of the entire film. This is basically the starting point for any movie. Next there is the producer. There are many types of producers; executive producers, co-producers, assistant producers and line producers. They all do very different things. Some are the producers are responsible for raising the funds for the movie while others are responsible for the production that goes on during the filming of the movie and still other producers are in charge of what physically goes on the set. Then it is time for the director. The director is in charge of the actors. The director works with the actors to visually bring to life what was written on the screenplay (Fortunato, Who Does What on a Film). Now the idea needs to come together. The idea of writing, “what you know” is not always true and writing, “what you come to know” is in fact a more accurate way to write. Other good ways to formulate ideas are to use existing plays, novels, short stories, life stories, new articles, or even past TV shows and film. When using existing work a person needs to make sure that one secures the copyrights before starting write. Securing the copyrights does not mean one is finished yet. Now a person needs...
Firstly, talking about film budgets can be a tricky thing due to the fact that studios often try to keep this information secret or spread wrong information by using accounting tricks to inflate or reduce the announced budgets. Furthermore, when calculating a film budget one needs to take into account all the costs that may arise during pre-production, filming, post-production and promotion, such as: story rights, screenplay, producer’s and director’s salaries, actor's salaries and production staff salaries, production costs, visual effects,...
The very first movie produced with sound was Alam Ara which was released in 1931 and was directed by Ardeshir Irani. The first color Hindi movie was released in 1937 which is known to be the start of the “golden age “of the Indian film industry. It was referred as the golden age due to the release of many classical Indian music and popular films being released. In the 1970s, Indian film industry beat United States as the largest producer of movies in the world. Since then, it has become its own identity and is now termed as “Bollywood” which is a mere combination of two words, Bombay (now known as Mumbai) and Hollywood.
Don is an Indian action thriller movie, which was released in India on April 20th 1978. The movie is directed by Chandra Barot, produced by Nariman A. Irani and written by Salim-Javed. The lead roles in this film are Amitabh Bachchan (Don/Vijay), Zeenat Aman (Roma), Pran (Jasjit/J.J), Helen (Kamini) and Iftekhar (DSP). The music composer of this film is Kalyanji Anandji. The film included five songs that were sung by various playback singers, such as, Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle. Overall, the film was one of Bollywood’s popular films.
budget a film because the cost of living is forever changing and this can affect how much is spent
This essay explains the journey of Bollywood (Indian Film Industry) and how it has changed itself and its audience’s perspective on Hindi Cinema. Applying the key features from Dennis McQuail’s “Normative Theory”, the relationship between Bollywood and the audience, controlled by the censorship board will be explained; and how both, the Bollywood industry and Censor Board are responsible for bringing changes to each other in the terms of rules, regulations, audience’s attitudes and their demands, in every period of time. According to McQuail (2010), a normative theory is adopted to clear the confusion prevailing in the information industry, that has become self-centred in modern days; and also to examine if the information created is to serve own self or the government. There have been endless debates by the contrasting individual ideas on how the media should be controlled from displaying unethical contents, and normative theory helps in guiding the individuals (theorists, writers, society and general public) to produce suggestions and ideas that media should follow, for the benefit of society and media (McQuail, 2010). The Indian Film Industry was established in 1913 but began to be known in 1920 (Indian Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, 2010). Bollywood, since then, was and is still controlled by the censor board, however the censor board went through a few transformations, from being independently owned by police heads of every region, to Bombay Board of Film Censors, and finally to the Central Board of Film Censors in 1952 (Indian Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, 2010). Cinema rules were reedited in 1983 and the censor board was re-named to the Central board of Film Certification (Indian Ministr...
It all involved actors doing dramatic and overly animated movements to attract the eyes of the audience. Live music was provided by musicians in the theaters; and to narrate the story of the film, words and titles were written to pop up in the film. Charlie Chaplin was an English actor who was one most famous and known in silent films. This era was very big for a while, but they then began to diminish around the late 1920’s. In 1920, Warner Bros. was just a small company looking for ways to expand. So they took a chance on the idea of talking films when they heard of a device called the Vitaphone going for sale. It was a sound-on-disc system that had no interest from the bigger film industries. In 1926, Warner Bros. deputed their first release of film with sound of Don Juan. This became a major breakthrough, earning Warner Bros. millions of dollars and spreading to theaters all over the country. By next year, they came out with their second sound film, The Jazz Singer. This era was the birth of the “talkie”, causing an increase of audience members coming back into the cinema. By 1930, silent film was a thing of the past (The history of movies). Because of the introduction of sound into film, this created new genres such as action, documentaries, musicals, westerns, comedies, horror movies, etc. Now as time goes on, not only is sound added on, but color begins to as well. Around the
That director then assembles a team of highly-skilled individuals (cinematographer, actors, hair and makeup people) who work together only as long as is needed to make that film. The group then disbands and eventually each individual is attached to a different project in the future.
The film industry has always been somewhat of a dichotomy. Grounded firmly in both the worlds of art and business the balance of artistic expression and commercialization has been an issue throughout the history of filmmaking. The distinction of these two differing goals and the fact that neither has truly won out over the other in the span of the industry's existence, demonstrates a lot of information about the nature of capitalism.
Offering the unique ability to visually and audibly convey a story, films remain a cornerstone in modern society. Combined with a viewer’s desire to escape the everyday parameters of life, and the excitement of enthralling themselves deep into another world, many people enjoy what films stand to offer. With the rising popularity of films across the world, the amount of film makers increases every day. Many technological innovations mark the advancement of film making, but the essential process remains the same. Pre-production accounts for everything taken place before any shooting occurs, followed by the actual production of the film, post-production will then consist of piecing the film together, and finally the film must reach an audience. Each step of this process contributes to the final product, and does so in a unique right. The process of film making will now start chronologically, stemming from the idea of the story, producing that story into a film, editing that footage together, and finally delivering that story to its viewers.