AUTISM
Autism is a life-long developmental disability that usually
appears in the first three years of a child’s life. It
interferes with normal development of the brain, preventing
individuals with this rare disorder from understanding what they
hear, sense, and observe. Although this severe disability is
considered a child’s disability, autism is found in adults,
interfering with normal social and emotional development. Anyone
can acquire autism; it is put in place at birth. Boys, however,
are more prone to it, as they are four times more affected. In
describing the characteristics of autism, what causes autism and
how it’s being diagnosed, and treatment to help people with
autism we will discover that the life of an autistic individual
is a much more challenging one. An autistic individual lacks the
socialization skills needed to succeed in society.
Much like a normal individual’s characteristics, an
autistic individual’s characteristics can greatly vary.
Characteristics of autism could include any of the following.
Abnormal or severe delays in language. People suffering from
autism commonly have problems speaking. Many of those who have
this symptom never speak at all. Some mumble, utter small words,
but they usually cannot have civilized conversation. Some may
repeat words they have heard on the television or on the radio
this is known as echolalia. Whatever the case may be, this
characteristic is found in most autistics. Another
characteristic is unusual movements. Many people with autism
tend to repeat the same movements, for example, rocking back and
fourth, twiddle their thumbs, twirl in circles and so on. Most
beings with this symptom tend to be hyperactive and they are
constantly on the go. They move from one place to another for
what seems to be no reason at all. Many typically insist on
sameness. People with autism have a low tolerance for change in
their environment. Changes to their surroundings, their daily
routines could set an autistic into tantrums, or fear.
Unfortunately a common trait in autism is retardation. More than
eighty percent of all individuals with autism are mentally
handicapped. Some do display special skills however, leading to
the next sign of autism. Special skills such as memorization of
long lists of numbers or names, the skill of being able to te...
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...ly can relate a little better to them and their world. These
forms of treatment are sometimes unsatisfying because some people
unfortunately cannot relate to the therapy. The medical
attention that one needs if they have autism shows us that these
beings have little to no social skills. Proper socialization is
needed in order to succeed in the world, in order to communicate
to the world, and in order to survive in the world. These
unlucky persons who handle autism everyday sometimes don’t know
where they are, what they’re doing, can’t talk, and feel
completely withdrawn from the world. Successful treatment
hopefully will lead to the demise of these serious problems that
autistics face.
An autistic individual lacks the socialization skills
needed to succeed in society. Because of the scarcity of
knowledge that medical experts have on the topic of autism it is
very difficult for the people who have it to develop regularly.
Some are so withdrawn from society that even educational
treatment can’t reach them. There is yet to be a cure, yet to be
a medical test to diagnose it, and yet to be an autistic who is
truly social with the rest of the world.
First, each ruler embodied an aspect of his religion, which stemmed from their respective cultures. Einhard has many references to the way the Frankish king portrayed himself as a Christian ruler, for example, he affords the reader with a detailed account of Charlemagne’s worship habits. On pages 54 and 55, he writes, “He (Charlemagne) was a constant worshipper at this church. . . going morning and evening, even after nightfall…”. In addition to his personal participation in worship, he was also extremely charitable in his own country, and even beyond his own realm. Upon hearing of the impoverished Christians living in Syria, Egypt, and Africa, he immediately became sympathetic and attempted to send money to them. In accordance with the charity within his country, he once donated such a vast number of clerical robes that even those in the least important positions of the Church were obligated to wear them. He undertook maintenance and building projects for the Churches, such as the basilica at Aix-la-Chapelle. Charlemagne also had spec...
A negative short term effect charlemagne contributed to was the intellectual activity of Western Europe beginning a slow recovery since the fall of the Roman Empire. Short term, Charlemagne established a substantial empire in France and Germany, and in the long term, when Charlemagne died, his empire did not last long after his death. The empire was then divided for each of his three grandsons. In the short term, Charlemagne helped expand Christianity in Western Europe after a brutal war, as a positive long term effect Christianity eventually expanded across Europe. In the short term he was also able to unify Western Europe after the time of Rome’s fall, as well as his contribution to the Roman Empire that had expanded due to his power. In the Long term, the Roman Empire helped many citizens to convert to
Question 1. Both Thomas Mathiesen and Stanley Cohen argue that alternative criminal justice responses that were presented after the 1970s were not real alternatives (Tabibi, 2015a). The ‘alternatives’ which are being questioned are community justice alternatives generally, and Restorative Justice specifically. The argument here is that Restorative Justice cannot be a real alternative because it is itself finished and is based on the premises of the old system (Mathiesen, 1974). Moreover, Restorative Justice is not an alternative, as it has not solved the issues surrounding the penal system (Tabibi, 2015a). Cohen (1985) supports this sentiment, and suggests that community based punishment alternatives have actually led to a widening and expansion
Throughout Medieval history, there were many people who were a significant part of the Medieval age. They are well known and important because they all made a huge impact in the world that they lived in. Nevertheless, Charlemagne did the same and should be acknowledged for that. Charlemagne (Charles I) was the king of the Franks who started the Holy Roman Empire and was born around 742 A.D. His exact place of birth is unspecified, yet historians predicted that he was probably born in Aachen in modern-day Germany or Liege in present-day Belgium. Charlemagne has had many successful achievements during his life including when he revolutionized most parts of Western Europe and was crowned king in the year 800 by Pope Leo III. However he did have
A growing number of probation officers, judges, prosecutors as well as other juvenile professionals are advocating for a juvenile justice system which is greatly based on restorative justice. These groups of people have been frustrated by the policy uncertainty between retribution and treatment as well as unrealistic and unclear public expectations. As a primary mission, the balanced approach or policy allows juvenile justice systems together with its agencies to improve in their capacity of protecting the community and ensuring accountability of the system and the offenders . It enables the youths to become productive and competent citizens. This guiding philosophical framework for this policy is restorative justice as it promotes the maximum involvement of the community, victim, and the offender in the justice process. Restorative justice also presents a viable alternative to sanctions as well as interventions that are based on traditional or retributive treatment assumptions. In the policy proposal for restorative justice, the balanced approach mission assists juvenile justice system in becoming more responsive to the needs of the community, victims, and the offenders . Therefore, this paper considers how restorative justice reduces referrals of juveniles to criminal and juvenile justice systems and gives a proposal on the implementation of restorative justice in the community together with a number of recommendations. For instance, preliminary research reveals that application of restorative justice in schools significantly reduces school expulsions, suspensions, and referrals to the criminal justice systems. Restorative justice programs are an alternative for zero-tolerance policies for juveniles or youths .
So, Charlemagne gathered his men which lived in his kingdom and formed an army that would make history. Charlemagne rewarded his men and as well as their families with the land in which they conquered. Charlemagne felt that if he brought his people together and went to battle with them and then rewarded them with something as valuable as land, that he would gain the trust and the respect of his people. The thing that made Charlemagne’s life easier was with the people that they invaded with war and ended up conquering, were already Christians and believed the same as Charlemagne, so he would not have to use his army to persuade them so that everyone in his kingdom was the same
Instead of focusing on crime prevention, restoration focuses on repairing the harm done to the victim and the community. Along with restoring property and personal injuries, restoration is meant to bring back some kind of security. Legislators and victims want to know that justice has been done. Van Ness and Strong (1997: 8-9) suggested three core principles for the nature of restorative justice. First, Justice requires the healing of victims, offenders, and communities injured by the crime. Also, they should be permitted to stay involved in the justice process in a timely manner. Lastly, the government should be responsible for preserving a just order and the community should be responsible for establishing peace. The victims family in a murder case can have a since of relief when the offender is sentenced to the death penalty. They can know that justice has been done and will have a sense of security knowing the offender cannot harm anyone else again. The family can now mourn over there loss more
Although it is now illegal to discriminate anyone based on one’s race or gender it is still a practice that many take part in, whether it is in the work place or prejudice that take place as part of who someone is. As the momentum started to pick up behind the equal rights movement of the mid-century an even a greater number of people began to be aware of the fact that there really is no difference between people and that all should be treated the same. As time has progressed so have the beliefs of people, things that were once a part of everyday life like children not being able to go to school together are a thing of the past. We now live in a time of acceptance and less judgment we now live in a nation where we are not judged by the color of skin, but the content of our character (Martin Luther King
The first is that certain qualifications must be met in order to become a school nurse. For an RN to become a school nurse she must hold the minimum following qualifications. Number one, the nurse must hold an active nursing license. Number two, they need to have a minimum of two years of experience. Number three, they must have a current CPR license. Finally number four, they must have a current certification in hearing, vision, scoliosis, and growth screening. The qualifications for an LPN are the same, but if you are applying for nurse supervisor or are an APN the qualifications vary slightly on how much experience is necessary (cite). While these are the minimum requirements to become a school nurse, it is preferred that those applying for the job have more
Einhard, in his The Life of Charlemagne, makes clear the fundamental integration of politics and religion during the reign of his king. Throughout his life, Charles the Great endeavored to acquire and use religious power to his desired ends. But, if Charlemagne was the premiere monarch of the western world, why was religious sanction and influence necessary to achieve his goals? In an age when military power was the primary means of expanding one's empire, why did the most powerful military force in Europe go to such great lengths to ensure a benevolent relationship with the church? One possibility may be found in the tremendous social and political influence of Rome and her papacy upon the whole of the continent. Rather than a force to be opposed, Charlemagne viewed the church as a potential source of political power to be gained through negotiation and alliance. The relationship was one of great symbiosis, and both componants not only survived but prospered to eventually dominate western Europe. For the King of the Franks, the church provided the means to accomplish the expansion and reformation of his empire. For the Holy Roman Church, Charles provided protection from invaders and new possibilities for missionary work.
The program is modeled after similar programs that begun in the 1970s and 1980s in New Zealand and Australia (Lawson 2004). It is used in schools, juvenile courts, and youth centers. However, for this discussion I will use the facts from Catherine Lawson’s restorative justice study in Missouri. In Lawson’s writings she references Derek R. Brookes, who came up with the conclusion that restorative justice attempts to produce these three outcomes: reconciliation, reparation, and transformation. Reconciliation is stage where all the apologies happen. Reparation is the stage at which the offender takes responsibility for his or actions, by providing fair restitution to the victim and lastly transformation is the stage where the offender is re-guided back into society as a productive member and is out of the cycle of
In conclusion, “Is restorative justice effective?” The answer again, is multifaceted and complex. The implementation of restorative justice on a large-scale is not likely (Cullen & Jonson, 2017). Additionally, restorative justice does not address those offenders who are sent to prison. Lastly, the fact that it places faith in non-experts and community corrections impedes is effectiveness in reducing recidivism. Therefore, on the whole, evidence suggests that it is not effective. However, there is a silver lining. Restorative justice has illuminated the problem of a purely “punitive” system of corrections.
Autism has been misjudged for many years and some people have gone without treatment and were locked up in mental hospitals for the rest of their lives due to the ignorance of the public... The main problem is that there has not been any productive treatment available to help them in the past. The typical case of autism can be frightening to those who are not educated in the characteristics on how one can be affected by autism and its symptoms. It would be easy to be intimidated and overwhelmed by the reactions of people that have autism. There are several ways to diagnose autism, however it is in many cases not being recognized, and especially in children who have debilitating handicaps such as schizophrenia. There are also the children that may seem very normal and may only have a few symptoms, such as rocking or not being able to
What is Autism? People are quick to label people as Autistic but very rarely understand what it means though they may nod their head and say "ohh makes sense". Autism - also know as ASD, Autism Spectrum Disorder- is a complex developmental disorder affecting primarily ones communication and social interaction skills. Meaning they have difficulties communicating effectively or even at all. They struggle in social setting and don 't typically excel in social games or activities.
Autism is a disorder characterized by significant problems in communication and social functioning. Autism is actually called Autism Spectrum Disorder and encompasses a broad range disabilities such as Asperger syndrome, Rett’s Syndrome, and Pervavasive Development Disorder (Dunlap & Fox, n.d.). There are also varying degrees of the disorder from low-functioning (no communication and no social interaction) to high-functioning (some communication and inappropriate but existent social skills.)