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Essays on certainty and doubts
Essays on certainty
Concepts of certainty
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Introduction Certainty, or lack of it, completely shapes our behavior. It is the catalyst that transforms attitudes into action thus, the greater certainty we have in a belief, regardless of its accuracy, the greater its influence will be on what we do (Bondy Consulting, 2015). However, from the perspective of the salesperson it is strongly based on influence strategy in the corporate market. This report deals with the essential concepts and the practice of certainty and persuasion based on the various arguments that are presented in these two academic articles. Key Terms Certainty: The Certainty is defined as the state of being without doubt of one’s belief which can shape people thoughts, decisions, attitudes, and behaviors. …show more content…
Certainty being such a powerful tool of persuasion can be organized into categories based on how people make evaluations or appraisals (formulated based on relevancy, completeness, legitimacy and accuracy). The writer argues that’s there are four levers of certainty and they are as follows: • Consensus: When a person is not sure how to act or what to do, they tend to look at other people to see how they respond. It is well known fact that people tends to follow the majority. This is known as consensus. It can be applied in the organizational and interpersonal settings for instance when rallying a team around an idea. • Repetition: People feel more confident about their opinion when it is repeatedly expressed by someone else. This repetition helps people to be more certain about their opinion and thus, they are willing to promote, defend and act on it. • Ease: People become more certain of things when an idea easily comes in mind. In a study done by Zak with Carlos Falces, Pablo Brinol and Richard Petty it is found that people were more confident when facing an easy task compared to the hard …show more content…
This article is valid for small retail shops specifically from India. Validity Recommendations The author from article 1 points out very strong point regarding how certainty transforms persuasion. However, there are some limitations to these strategies when implementing them in real life. Also when repetition is used too much it can have an adverse impact and can even lead strong disagreement. Similarly, the defense can go either way if they felt the slightest of doubt. Likewise, in article 2 the author is very specific about the target. He has tried to fill the gap that had been created due to lack of research on the small retail shop which shares a very large portion of Indian market. I assume there are more to research in this area and the article could have conducted some practical test to enhance the report. Conclusion This assignment has given me the opportunity to study two powerful articles and each article stands strong when conveying their message on their perspective target. Both articles have given a new insight to certainty and persuasion. The first article highlights the four lever of certainty to enhance the persuasion and the other highlights the influence strategies that help salesperson in small retail
...an is capable of persuading his audience into accepting his simplistic views of the world. He makes it easier to rationalize with his stance by his strategic use of sentence structure and word choice. When analyzing a past speech or interpreting a speech as it is given, upmost priority should be given to analytical tools for analyzing persuasive symbols and language. Whether the topic at hand is motivated by great emotions as it is here or not, the audience can easily be swayed in one direction surprisingly based only on universal comprehension.
Kerbel, Matthew R. (1993). An Empirical Test of the Role of Persuasion in the Exercise of
Andres Martin takes full advantage of the three modes of persuasion outlined by Aristotle and in the following few paragraphs, I will outline each
As this paper is an exposition of the presence of persuasion in the New Age (contrary to its assumed freedom), it is also necessary, in the interest of fairness, to make some fundamental distinctions, with respect to the possibility of illusory correlations being formed from the conclusions of this paper:
This discussion brings about an interesting view on similarity in relation to persuasion as expressed by O’Keefe (200), “The belief that greater similarity means greater effectiveness is an attractive one and is commonly reflected in recommendations that persuaders emphasize commonalities between themselves and the audience.” O’Keefe concludes
When someone tries to persuade others to join in thinking or believing something, a process takes place. Those receivers of the information are to process what the source is saying and in turn decide whether or not to go along with the idea. But what if people do not always process information, and what if they merely go with the crowd? The Elaboration Likelihood Theory (ELM) developed by Social psychologists Petty and Cacioppo, illustrates how persuasion, or the presentation of facts in order to move someone or thing a certain way, takes place. This model “analyzes the likelihood that receivers will cognitively elaborate,” in other words break down the information gathered and determine whether or not the message is enough to persuade the receiver (Enfante, Rancer & Avtgis, 2010, p. 172).
The power of persuasion today is often relied on to control or influence someone. The power of persuasion can be both vigorous and inferior. As someone gains influences they draw others to follow them. Persuasion is enacted in our society through our economy, Sports, politics and social media. People persuade others to get what they want, or people persuade other people to influence or give someone different benefits for example, someone with charism doesn’t try to persuade someone but by their actions and the way they interact with someone allows others to follow them. In 1954 the civil rights movement was a persuasion for African Americans to be treated equal around the world.
Conger, J. A. (1998). The necessary art of persuasion. Harvard Business Review, 76 (3), p. 88.
Confidence is a crucial when it comes to your own beliefs. Being confident with your knowledge will lead to new ideas that relate to those of your peers. In addition, confidence will take away any doubt or hesitance. Doubt inhibits learning and often limits people with great ideas. I believe one must be willing to delve into any situation with an open mind and the humility to be able to make mistakes.
In closing, Persuasion is a powerful tool, both in trying to persuade others and being
Another aspect of this principle is applied to the persuasion which is developed through companies who develop relationships with customers. This is certainly something which is developed over a long period of time. This could, for example, be used to develop a
Introduction India is the world’s second most populated country with over 1.2 billion people. Since its independence from British rule in 1947, the country has been more or less a stable democracy. Until 1991, Indian governments imposed economic austerity and its markets were comparatively closed to the world. Economic reforms in 1991 brought about a change which made India an attractive and huge market for multinational corporations from all over the world (Joshi 8). Retail industry within a globalized world is one of the most thriving and profitable sectors.
Wu, C., & Shaffer, D. (1987). Susceptibility to persuasive appeals as a function of source credibility and prior experience with the attitude object. Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.52, 677-688.
Certainty gives you confidence and it gives you the drive to reach new goals. When you are certain of yourself, you can also start to have doubt. Doubt leads to questions which can lead to a new understanding of the world around you. A new understanding can lead to personal success and the ability to see things from other people’s perspectives. Both doubt and certainty are necessary for growth and understanding. Once you grow and understand your surroundings you are able to move forward to the next chapter of your life.
In the human mind there are many things that go into decision-making every single day. The strong impetus that drive one’s decision in a situation: certainty and doubt. These feelings that people often have are connected very closely. It would be extremely beneficial for each and every person to be certain in all situations. Both certainty and doubt can be, and have been, the deciding factor in reaching a goal or failing in reaching it. Doubt in oneself oftentimes leads to lack of certainty, and a lack of certainty brings about doubt, and this relationship is key to success or failure in all walks of life. Both certainty and doubt are extremely forceful elements that often alter decision-making and play a huge role in people’s lives and history,