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Aristotle theory of a good life
Aristotle notion of happiness
Aristotle theory of a good life
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Is Aristotle right- Highest good Happiness? Happiness is a challenging emotion or state of mind that is hard to define. It is remarkably difficult because every person on earth has a dissimilar view on happiness. Happiness should be understood as something that fulfills the person’s abilities. If he or she achieves happiness, then that equates to a balance of pleasure, honor, and self-sufficiency. Aristotle believes the greatest good is happiness. He describes happiness as, “an activity that is guided by and exercises the human virtues” (60). Is the highest good happiness? What are the characteristics of good? Do we all require habituation to become good? Such questions as these stirs up emotional reactions among debates of the topic. First of all, good in eudemonia, which is Greek for happiness, is a virtuously activity of the soul. It's described as thriving, flourishing, or well-being, and it's something that we can gain through contemplating. Aristotle initiates with this claim “every activity aims at some end” (80) . This claim is straightforward, in hope that every action (activity) we are undertaking, is for a reason and has a purpose (end). An example of this would be high school students trying to graduate. After students graduate (activity) they are able to land a job (end). We work hard to get a promotion (activity) to acquire more cash (end). We earn cash (activity) to purchase jewelry materials (end). This continues on to infinity, there's no endpoint, and it's for the sake of itself, and not for the sake for further activity to reach an end. Once we have a grasp on that concept some wonder, is there anything in the world that doesn't fit this description? To resume, happiness does not. Aristotle’s theory on happiness states, “happiness would be an "end in itself” (66). In the end we all want to feel that sense of accomplishment when we
Simply defined, happiness is the state of being happy. But, what exactly does it mean to “be happy?” Repeatedly, many philosophers and ideologists have proposed ideas about what happiness means and how one attains happiness. In this paper, I will argue that Aristotle’s conception of happiness is driven more in the eye of ethics than John Stuart Mill. First, looking at Mill’s unprincipled version of happiness, I will criticize the imperfections of his definition in relation to ethics. Next, I plan to identify Aristotle’s core values for happiness. According to Aristotle, happiness comes from virtue, whereas Mill believes happiness comes from pleasure and the absence of pain. Ethics are the moral principles that govern a person’s behavior which are driven by virtues - good traits of character. Thus, Aristotle focuses on three things, which I will outline in order to answer the question, “what does it mean to live a good life?” The first of which is the number one good in life is happiness. Secondly, there is a difference between moral virtues and intellectual virtues and lastly, leading a good life is a state of character. Personally and widely accepted, happiness is believed to be a true defining factor on leading a well intentioned, rational, and satisfactory life. However, it is important to note the ways in which one achieves their happiness, through the people and experiences to reach that state of being. In consequence, Aristotle’s focus on happiness presents a more arguable notion of “good character” and “rational.”
From pursuing pleasure to avoiding pain, life seems to ultimately be about achieving happiness. However, how to define and obtain happiness has and continues to be a widely debated issue. In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle gives his view on happiness. Aristotle focuses particularly on how reason, our rational capacity, should help us recognize and pursue what will lead to happiness and the good life.';(Cooley and Powell, 459) He refers to the soul as a part of the human body and what its role is in pursuing true happiness and reaching a desirable end. Aristotle defines good'; as that which everything aims.(Aristotle, 459) Humans have an insatiable need to achieve goodness and eventual happiness. Sometimes the end that people aim for is the activity they perform, and other times the end is something we attempt to achieve by means of that activity. Aristotle claims that there must be some end since everything cannot be means to something else.(Aristotle, 460) In this case, there would be nothing we would try to ultimately achieve and everything would be pointless. An ultimate end exists so that what we aim to achieve is attainable. Some people believe that the highest end is material and obvious (when a person is sick they seek health, and a poor person searches for wealth).
Research Paper: Aristotle Aristotle (b. 384 - d. 322 BC), was a Greek philosopher, logician, and scientist. Along with his teacher Plato, Aristotle is generally regarded as one of the most influential ancient thinkers in a number of philosophical fields, including political theory. Aristotle’s’ writing reflects his time, background and beliefs. Aristotle was born at Stagira, in Macedonia. His father, Nichomacus, was the personal physician to the King of Macedonia, Amyntas.
In The Metaphysics, Aristotle states, “All men by nature desire to know.” Although, this is a generalization, of this insightful statement about the nature of humans and human understanding this statement truly captures what Aristotle was trying to figure out about humans and their thinking. Everyone has a desire to know or to understand. As rational beings we tend to contemplate very simple ideas to the most complicated, like our existence, or parts of the universe, or the universe as a whole. Aristotle is known as the father of modern day psychology and biology, even though many of his ideas of these two sciences was proven incorrect. The most important concepts of Aristotle’s theory of human understanding are the notion of cause, the infinite, and the soul.
According to Aristotle, a tragedy is “an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not of narrative; with incidents arousing pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish its catharsis of such emotions”(Nahm 7). Aristotle categorizes the six basic parts of any tragedy as plot, characters, thought, diction, spectacle and melody. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet follow this definition of a tragedy and adhere to Aristotle’s six elements of a tragedy: plot, character, diction, thought, spectacle, and song. The Plot, the first principle, refers to the combination of incidents in the story. Aristotle thinks this to be the most important feature of the tragedy. William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet contain a plot that complies with the first line of Aristotle’s definition of a tragedy, which states “the imitation of an action is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself”(Nahm 7). This refers to the first element of a tragedy, the plot, implying that Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet deal with one issue that is very serious in magnitude such as the conflict between the two families which lead to innocent deaths. Shakespeare also follows Aristotle’s idea of the tragedy being of a certain magnitude. This is because the characters are realistic therefore the audience is capable of relating to them easily. Romeo and Juliet are upset, while grieving over their impending separation and angered about the circumstances surrounding their families. They are also unsure of themselves how they should handle the situation. The audience can relate to this uncertain feeling and they are able to empathize with Romeo and Juliet.
When you envision happiness, what do you see? To many, it may include an achievement, a relationship, or an abundance of wealth! However, to philosophers, the question is not as simple. When it comes to happiness, philosophers have to consider every aspect, including its compatibility with other concepts. This paper will discuss Greek Philosopher Socrates, Modern John Stuart Mill, and their different views on happiness and virtue.
Now when we ask the question, “What is good?” it proves, yet again, problematic arriving to one consensus. The good in life is happiness, but happiness may differ from one man to another. Furthermore, within a lifetime, what makes a person happy may change because life experience or his current circumstance. The lowly majority often find that pleasure is what fulfills happiness, while men of high caliber find that happiness is brought about by honor. Ultimately, happiness is fulfilled by action. “Happiness then, the end to which all our conscious acts are directed, is found to be something final and self-sufficient.”(Aristotle, 24) Once we come to the end of an action, there is desire for something more. “There is
To the modern reader, Aristotle's views on astronomy, as presented in Metaphysics, Physics, De Caelo (On the Heavens) and Simplicius' Commentary, will most likely seem very bizarre, as they are based more on a priori philosophical speculation than empirical observation. Although Aristotle acknowledged the importance of "scientific" astronomy - the study of the positions, distances and motions of the stars - he nevertheless treated astronomy in the abstract, linking it to his overall philosophical world picture. As a result, the modern distinction between physics and metaphysics is not present in Aristotle, and in order to fully appreciate him we must try to abandon this pre-conception. Aristotle argued that the universe is spherical and finite. Spherical, because that is the most perfect shape; finite, because it has a center, viz. the center of the earth, and a body with a center cannot be infinite. He believed that the earth, too, is a sphere. It is relatively small compared to the stars, and in contrast to the celestial bodies, always at rest. For one of his proofs of this latter point, he referred to an empirically testable fact: if the earth were in motion, an observer on it would see the fixed stars as moving, just as he now observes the planets as moving, that is from a stationary earth. However, since this is not the case, the earth must be at rest. To prove that the earth is a sphere, he produced the argument that all earthly substances move towards the center, and thus would eventually have to form a sphere.
Humans have a function, according to Aristotle, and so it would follow that fulfilling that function makes us happy. Before we can establish that fulfilment of purpose results in happiness, we must first establish what the human function actually is, and also what constitutes good and happiness for humans. Aristotle’s arguments for happiness and human purpose help to provide answers to these questions, though as with all philosophical topics there are those who disagree.
Only 1 in 3 Americans are truly happy, and as of March 2017, The world happiness record has put America at number 14. The guiding principle of happiness is to take care of yourself along with the others around you and then Happiness will find its way to you. However, Critics believe the greatest weakness of happiness is the avoidance of sadness. Although I try to remain optimistic I still experience regularly both happiness and sadness. The argument for and against Happiness is that there are ways to make it a possible thing to achieve and once you get it, it makes you feel good inside. On another hand, being too happy all the time can be a detrimental concept. In the following Essay, I will be further explaining how happiness is a "good" and
We are all trying to find our own ways of navigating through life and discovering the importance of what lies at the end. Happiness, or living well, is the ultimate end because most of us can agree that the conception of happiness organizes our various paths. We must first understand that happiness is the action of living well, and without virtue we are not able to achieve happiness. “If any action is well performed when it is performed in accordance with the appropriate excellence: if this is the case, human good turns out to be activity of soul in accordance with virtue, and if there are more than one virtue, in accordance with the best and most complete” (Aristotle, Book I, Chapter 7). My interpretation of this is that it is in our nature to possess these virtues that allow us to act in the right manner. These virtues aren’t necessarily actions in themselves but they lead us to activities that are good for ourselves and for others. Our activities stem from our rationality, which is why the idea of a happy person includes them being virtuous and r...
The word “happiness” may seem for a moment easy to understand or interpret. However, after thinking deeply, one may change his/her thought about it. It is complicated to explain what happiness is; thus, it is difficult to identify what leads to happiness, which a reason for the disagreements of philosophers on this topic. There are steps before reaching the state of happiness and this paper is trying to reveal some of them according to two sources: “The Well-Ordered Soul: Happiness and Harmony” lecture by professor Gendler at Yale University, and the “Flow” TED talk by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. The ways of approaching happiness, if applied by people, can be used to enhance the society’s production in different fields, for example: technology,
Aristotle was born in Stagira, located in northern Greece, in 384 B.C. He died in Chalcis, on the Aegean island of Euboea, in 322 B.C. Aristotle's father had been court physician to the Macedonian king Amyntas II. Aristotle lost both of his parents when he was child, and was brought up by a friend of the family.
Many Philosophers consider happiness as the highest purpose of an individual. Happiness is an activity of the soul expressing complete virtue. Aristotle believes that happiness is the central purpose of life and a goal within itself. To obtain this happiness goals need to be met and as a result happiness is an end to this goal. To reach a goal something good has to occur and when deciding what good is we come to find that happiness is the chief good. Therefore happiness is always an end in itself. Happiness also is dependent on the cultivation of virtue. It is the value of your life up to this point. Here Aristotle uses deontology to look at what one ought to do and why. Overall, happiness is the end goal that encompasses your life as a whole and the reason we live.
According to Aristotle, the good life is the happy life, as he believes happiness is an end in itself. In the Nichomachean Ethics, Aristotle develops a theory of the good life, also known as eudaimonia, for humans. Eudaimonia is perhaps best translated as flourishing or living well and doing well. Therefore, when Aristotle addresses the good life as the happy life, he does not mean that the good life is simply one of feeling happy or amused. Rather, the good life for a person is the active life of functioning well in those ways that are essential and unique to humans. Aristotle invites the fact that if we have happiness, we do not need any other things making it an intrinsic value. In contrast, things such as money or power are extrinsic valuables as they are all means to an end. Usually, opinions vary as to the nature and conditions of happiness. Aristotle argues that although ‘pleasurable amusements’ satisfy his formal criteria for the good, since they are chosen for their own sake and are complete in themselves, nonetheless, they do not make up the good life since, “it would be absurd if our end were amusement, and we laboured and suffered all our lives for the sake of amusing ourselves.”