American Airlines 191 Crash

The cause for the American Airlines 191 crash was the stall with its roll to the left. The stall was created by the left wing outboard leading edge slat retraction. This caused the loss of stall warning alarms and the failure of the slat indication systems that were supposed to indicate changes between the left and right wings and inboard-outboard slats. The maintenance group caused damage to the left wing and engine number one separation. The improper maintenance procedures led to the separation of the engine and pylon assembly. All these factors combined lead to the crash of the aircraft.

Structural and Mechanical Factors

Small parts of the aircraft's number one engine pylon began to fall away shortly after takeoff. As the aircraft started its rotation, the entire number one engine separated from the wing. The engine flew up and over the left wing, falling to the runway below. In the process, it destroyed all of the hydraulic lines to the leading edge slats. As a result, pressure slowly started to leak out and the leading edge slats slowly started to retract. When the engine separated, the captain's control panel stopped working, which contained both of the slat disagreement systems. The destroyed hydraulic lines allowed the slats on the left wing to gradually retract, and the stall speed on the left wing rose considerably.

Deficiencies in the Federal Aviation Administration surveillance, poor communication methods used by the airline maintenance teams, the manufacturer, and the FAA. Another factor was the industry lack of consideration to this emergency in operational maintenance and flight