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Plato and human nature
Plato and human nature
Plato's view on human life
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A philosophical search consists of four major components: a significance, an acknowledgement of something missing, hope of finding it and actually executing the search. To consider some-thing to be significant, it must relate to the person searching in an emotional stance; without emo-tions there would not be a reason to search. Emotions require meaning behind something in order to flare up. After finding significance, a person must then acknowledge the existence of what they are missing. In the Allegory of the Cave introduced by Plato, he claims that people are lost in a pseudo-reality may not realize they are indeed absorbing false information; therefore, making them unaware of the truth. Plato also claims that if a person does not know what something is, …show more content…
In his book, he constantly emphasizes on his study of logothera-py, which translates into the psychotherapy that emphasizes on meaning. He explains how expla-nations and specific meaning supports a person’s dedication towards overcoming difficult bur-dens. “One of the basic tenets of logotherapy includes that men's main concern is neither to gain pleasure, nor to avoid pain but rather to see a meaning in their lives. That is the reason why men are willing to suffer with the condition, to be sure, that their suffering has a meaning”( Frankl, 113). The problem that unravels itself from that statement is what occurs when no meaning gets introduced after experiencing this act of suffering. A person may undergo the most unbearable type of suffering and still come out empty ended; lost in his own thoughts, wondering why that occurred to them specifically. In the case that help is needed from a second person, that idea con-tradicts Frankl’s statement about the search for meaning having to be a solo
Man's Search for Meaning is a book written in 1946 by Viktor Frankl. Frankl is a holocaust survivor who elaborates on his experiences of being an Auschwitz concentration camp inmate during World War II. Being that Frankl is also a trained psychologist, he goes into detail about his psychotherapeutic method, which involved analyzing a purpose in life to feel positively about, and then imagining it being reality. According to Frankl, longevity was explained by the way a prisoner imagined how the future affected his durability of life. The book proposes to answer the question "How was everyday life in a concentration camp reflected in the mind of the average prisoner?" Part One establishes Frankl's dissection of his experiences in the concentration camps, while part two touches on his theory of logotherapy.
The Allegory of the Cave by Plato, shows the contrast between sense experience and rationalism. The story explains that in the cave where some people have known nothing of the outside world and can only comprehend what they see based on what little they do know of their cave. The people have come to the conclusion what the shapes represent and what causes them and believe it to be correct and thus believe it as the reality of the world. However what they don’t know is that this is not the world and what they will soon find out is that the things they once saw with their eyes what they smelt, what they heard, what they felt were just shadows of real images and objects cast on the wall by fire. What this does is show that sense experience can be at fault because the one perceiving is at times is ignorant of the fact that they know nothing of the true reality of the world and its workings. One must be showed how things are in order to learn and thus no longer be ignorant but have now begun taking steps towards wisdom.
The "Allegory of the cave "is broken down into four levels. The cave itself representing the tunnel we as humans have dug for ourselves away from the world of learning and knowledge to a world of safe answers where nothing is ever questioned . The cave represents the human's subconscious struggle to be safe and hide from the unknown. Beginning with Level one . The shadow watchers(the mystified )Illusion the figures and shadows reflection on the cave wall.This level is best described as such because the prisoners are not seeing what is real .They are seeing a copy or illusion of what is the real.They are seeing what they want to see.Level two The shadow casters .I believe the shadow casters area people who realize that the world is not as it
American’s education system has been entering crisis mode for a long time. Throughout the past few years, the overwhelming question “Is college needed or worth it?” While it is an opinion, there are facts that back up each answer. Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” mentions that the enlightened must help the unenlightened and further their knowledge. The problem with America today is that high school students are given the option of college and that makes for less enlightened people. While it is possible to learn in the work force or Army, college is a better option. Mary Daly wrote the article “Is It Still Worth Going to College?” which talks about the statistical value of attending. Michelle Adam wrote the article “Is College Worth It?” which mentions the struggle young people are going through to even get into college. Caroline Bird wrote the chapter “Where College Fails Us” in her book The Case Against College where she
Most times, the lasting result becomes increasingly sweet with realization, metamorphosis, and helpful action. As each individual experiences despair, resulting action varies. Yet no matter how minuscule or substantial the problem at large is, the presence of acting accordingly to cease the problem remains perpetual. With collaboration of ideas and seeking guidance from groups, one comes to find assurance and advice that of which unveil the truth and the knowing it takes to remove any problem all together. An immediate chain like response occurs, almost like a wake up call, sounding loudly and abruptly, even after snooze was set, to clearly dictate that action needs to be taken. When proper action is taken, then miraculous life will
Frankl learned from his own observations and developed the theory of Logotherapy. He observed that one particular prisoner to see how he reacts to others being punished. This helps others because it shows that anyone can understand the human mind through observation. Even though Frankl was a psychiatrist, he mainly used his observations to develop his theory. Frankl’s theory counteracts other mainstream theories such as Psychoanalytic theory. It is merely based on “meaning.” It focuses on the meaning of human existence. Frankl believes that “this striving to find a meaning in one’s life is the primary motivational force in man” (Frankl P.
The Allegory of the Cave is a hypothetical scenario, described by Plato, in the form of a conversation between Socrates and Glaucon. Socrates describes the picture of prisoners living in a cave where they have no source of light except for the one provided by the fire. There since birth, the prisoners live in a fixed position, staring at the shadows that are projected onto the walls. The puppeteers walk along a path behind the chained prisoners, each holding different objects. They live in a state of constant prediction, waiting for future shadows to be cast. As the objects reflect into shadows, the prisoners guess what the projections are and what they represent. The conversation reveals Socrates thoughts of human ignorance and the imprisonment of humans, trapped in society. It covers the search for truth and the desire to share it with others and free them from the bondage of ignorance. Socrates metaphor can represent education, religion, and our interaction with society. The prisoners in the cave lack education and you can
In general, when people are learning, they achieve a state of understanding by learning something they consider they do not know. However, this common-sense contains a very irrational factor, that is, if a person have no idea about something exists, then for this person, that kind of things does not exist, hence the person will not emerges a desire to acquire that kind of things, then this person cannot behave like discovering or learning. If a person emerges a desire for something, that person must already know it sometime in the past in some way. Only in this way, it will make sense.
As seen in Hesiod’s Works and Days, he uses mythology in order to explain a fundamental life question: the origin of human misery. In using mythology, Hesiod taps into human emotion into order to explain how human misery came to existence. Hesiod explores the notion of nostalgia through referencing the god-like first generation and implies returning to the “good old days” would erase human misery, but offers no rational solution to the problem. On the other hand, Plato uses philosophy in order to explain why human misery exist. Through using philosophy, Plato appeals to intellect. Plato parallels objects in the story of they cave to real world instances in order to rationally explain the origin of human misery. Through rational explanations, Plato points out that democracy is based off of persuasion rather than truthful knowledge. Due the bases of democracy in relativism, humans fail to make a decision based off of the truth, and rather make decisions based off of persuasion. Although these problems exist, through using philosophy, Plato offers intellectual insight on how to gain truth. Because of the distinction between mythology and philosophy, mankind can use both when exploring fundamental life questions. An essential to fully understanding fundamental life questions is to know both how and why a situation occurs, which can be discovered through combining mythology and
Some of the content of this book really makes your stomach turn. The picture of shared suffering is very vivid and Frankl describes three stages that he watches every prisoner experiences one way or another. These stages are 1) the shocked stage as they arrive 2) some type of mental protection where they took on natural survival and learned how to react to camp life and 3) freedom, where they’ve gotten so used to camp life that being released seems a bit unreal. After Frankl mentions being let out of the camps, he then uses this to emphasize the second part of the book; logotherapy. Logotherapy is explained as a practice used to find meaning within ones’ life and taking responsibility for it. According to Frankl it’s hard for many to find their true meaning because too many variables come in to play. Some people don’t have the will to have meaning, as were others make up their meaning based off personal desire (usually materialistic; money, for fun, etc.). He says that there are 3 main ways to find meaning. 1 is by giving back to the community, or world by expressing yourself. 2 is pretty much experiencing something or someone (loving them) and 3 is our mindset when we experience inevitable hardships. Frankl’s overall perspective is that everyone has a meaning. It may not jump
Frankl believes that there exists “potential meaning inherent and dormant in all the single situations one has to face throughout his or her life” (143). Frankl finds meaning even in terrible suffering. While he in no way purports suffering as a necessary means to finding meaning, he acknowledges that the way a man responds to suffering allows him “to add a deeper meaning to his life” (67). Does this man maintain his morality? Does he become compromised by the atrocities surrounding him? Perhaps even a desire to maintain one’s morals and prove his inner strength and humanity can be seen as a meaning to
The allegory of the cave is an enlightening philosophical work made by Greek Philosopher, Plato. The allegory portrays people as sponges and that they only know as much as they are told, whether it is true or not and it compares the effect of education and the lack of it in human nature. Plato’s allegory of the cave is highly comparable to the movie called “The Truman Show”, which some may argue is a modern adaptation that is more relatable today. It shares some of the main themes of the allegory, for example the seven symbols of the cave: the light/fire, the shadows, the breaking of the chains, the prisoners, the free prisoner, the cave, and the real objects. The allegory of the cave is a very disputable idea which many do not understand.
Throughout Viktor Frankl’s life and struggles he discovered and developed his theory of logotherapy. Frankl has helped many patients find meaning in their lives by having them create a work, finding the meaning in love, or by finding the meaning behind hopeless suffering. He has helped people discover these by using different techniques like paradoxical intention, dereflexion, or Socratic dialogue. Thus, to choose one’s attitude in any circumstance allows one to choose one’s way. This saying if a man cannot find meaning in his suffering, then it is easy for him to lose hope or faith. According to Viktor Frankl, man’s deepest desire is to search for meaning and purpose in one’s life.
In book seven of ‘The Republic’, Plato presents possibly one of the most prominent metaphors in Western philosophy to date titled ‘Allegory of the Cave’.
In Victor Frankl's novel Man's Search for Meaning, Frankl discusses finding this magic in life in what he calls will-to-meaning. Frankl, a twentieth century psychiatrist, states that "life ultimately means taking responsibility to find the right answer to its problems and to fulfill the tasks which it constantly sets for each individual" (122). This concept is what he called will-to-meaning. Some forms of will-to-meaning are hunger, humiliation, fear, and deep anger at injustice (8). Some importance of will-to-meaning is that he had to find a sense of responsibility in his existence (9).