Advantages and Problems for a city being a transport hub: from urban planning and governance perspective.
Introduction
Transportation hub is an agglomeration of different transport modes, such as maritime, road, rail and air transport. The role of transport hub brings a lot of benefits and adverse effect to the city, which will be discussed in the later part of this essay. There are common features of transport hub. Transport hubs are usually the growth poles of the nation and region where the flow of goods, people, capital and information are facilitated. There are usually some favourable condition for developing transport hubs. However, these cities also suffered from congestion and environmental impacts.
Shanghai and Tokyo, both are regional and national transport hub, will be investigated. Both share some common characteristics, for example, they have a huge number of population, they have more than one airport. But due to different government reactions, they have different results. They pay different costs of transport hub, which they have unlike level of congestion and environmental impacts. In this report, Shanghai is transport hub in a developing country while the Tokyo is a hub in a developed country.
Brief introduction of Shanghai
Shanghai is a developing city and a transportation hub in one of the fast-growing country in the world. In 1978, the nation adopted open-door policies and the establishment of Pudong new district in 1993, which have promoted growth of the city. The role of transport hub was enhanced. The city situated in a developing country, which GDP per capita falling on developing country’s standard though the city is very much developed (World Bank, 2010). This city is a gather place of different m...
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Hub airports also contribute significantly to economies of scale. Hubs are extremely costly operations, and the costs that they generate, such as multiple labor shifts, terminal leases, and ground equipment, are fixed in the short term. Therefore, in order to spread the costs over more units of output (air seat miles (ASM)), airlines have a strong incentive to use these assets as intensively as possible. While most airlines operate banked hubs to provide shorter connection times for their passengers, airlines such as American and Delta have experimented with rolling hubs in order to better utilize hub assets. With banked hubs, assets sometimes remain unused for extended...
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London Heathrow Airport is one of the major airports owned and operated by privatized company formerly known as British Airport Authority (BAA plc), now Heathrow Airport Holdings. Heathrow Airport Holdings owns and operates four major airports in the UK, including London Heathrow, Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton. However, in this case study, London Heathrow would be the writer’s main interest as to look at the effect of its privatization and find the possible impacts that it might have on the economy and society in general.
The competitive advantage of an airport depends on five core factors, namely the Spatial, Facility, Demand, Service and Managerial factor. The Spatial factor refers to the level of regional development surrounding and around the airport, for example, an international trade zones, convention centres, and other facilities. Facility factors are the level of facilities and the airport’s ability to expand and increased its facilities. Demand factor refers to the level of origin-destination demand and that of transit and transfer traffic volumes for hub-and-spoke network. Service factor refers to the...
As Sassen (40) defined, networks and circus are elementary of global cities, having a well–connected airport is thus critical for linkage of a city with the world as it allows intensive flows of information, people and products. Hong Kong has developed itself into an international aviation hub the holds leading position in both passenger and cargo terms. According to the Airports Council International (), HKIA ranked as number 10 and 1 as the world’s busiest airport by passenger and cargo traffic respectively. We should, of course, be proud of having such an outstanding airport as foundation of our economic success. However, other Asian cities have caught up in challenging Hong Kong’s leadership for their increasing passengers and cargo flows and expansion plan to increase capacity. To what extent the third runway, as suggested by the Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK), can help Hong Kong withstand such a fierce competition?
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Shatkin, G. (January 01, 2014). Reinterpreting the Meaning of the ‘Singapore Model’: State Capitalism and Urban Planning. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38, 1, 116-137.
Indian government is facing the problem of traffic congestion in its four metro cities namely Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai. Delhi is the worst affected. Reports say that on an average 1,200 vehicles are added to delhi roads daily. In September 2010, Mail Today carried a report quoting CRRI scientists. It said, "Six years of Delhites’, careers are spent in snarls as 7 million man hours and Rs. 100 crore in productivity are lost to gridlocks, making the capital the worst congested city in India."What has the ministry worried is that though the Master Plan projection for public transport usage is an impressive 80 per cent by 2020, it has actually slipped to under 40 per cent at current rates. For the purpose of managing the traffic and to meet the goals of the Master Plan, the government of Delhi has shortlisted your company in providing advice to conquer this problem.
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