AD Mouse Model

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Previous studies have demonstrated benefits of exercise in humans and animals, as well as in AD mouse models. Specifically, prior studies have confirmed the positive effects of exercise on Tg2576 mouse model. However, a long-term exercise intervention in older Tg2576 has not been done before to our knowledge. Additionally, the duration and intensity of exercise have also not been systematically explored. Most studies in the past did not assign different doses of exercise that could be comparable to a clinical scenario. For those studies that did use doses did not utilize multiple doses or used a forced exercise regimen, and thereby introducing stress as a confound (Leasure & Jones, 2008). This was a voluntary exercise study as it was previously …show more content…

Past studies in both animals and humans have proposed that length of exercise is associated with better cognitive function (Colcombe & Kramer, 2003; Holmes, Galea, Mistlberger, & Kempermann, 2004). However, other studies have proposed that only small doses of exercise are needed to see significant health benefits (Beddhu, Wei, Marcus, Chonchol, & Greene, 2015; Hupin et al., 2015). Past studies have also found that shorter duration high-intensity regimens are also beneficial in regard to cardiovascular and metabolic function, musculoskeletal benefits and cognitive performance. (Gibala et al., 2006; Gillen, 2012; May et al., …show more content…

Insoluble Aβ 40 levels remained unchanged and exercising animals showed similar levels to non-exercising animals. Insoluble Aβ 42 levels were only lowered only for 3h and 12h mice and 1h showed similar levels to non-exercising animals. When running parameters and Aβ species were assessed, it was found that clearing of insoluble Aβ 42 was associated with intensity measures (higher running density, higher speed and lower breaks). Insoluble Aβ 42 did not show significant correlation with volume (length of exercise). No other Aβ species were associated with any of the running parameters. Different studies have suggested different roles of soluble and insoluble species of Aβ. It has been suggested that insoluble Aβ plaques can be a mechanism for soluble Aβ removal (Baglioni et al., 2006). Other studies have suggested that a progressive shift from soluble to insoluble Aβ plays role in the progression of AD (Wang et al., 1999). Therefore, why we saw specific effects with insoluble Aβ 42 is unclear. Consistent with ELISA results seen with the relationship of intensity and insoluble Aβ 42 clearance, thioflavin-S staining results also showed beneficial effects with intensity measures in the hippocampus and cortex. Percent area coverage of Aβ plaques were lower in mice who exhibited higher intensity. Overall, both

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