The stages of tooth development There are several stages of tooth development which are initiation, bud stage, cap stage, bell stage, apposition, maturation and root formation and eruption. Prior to initiation, after about 7 weeks in the utero, the band of thickened epithelium develops into the upper and lower jaw and gives rise to the vestibular and dental lamina. These bands grow thicker as it is condensed with cells which is the origin of the forming tooth. These bands then develop blood vessels
presence of one or more decayed, missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth. This condition is usually seen between birth and almost six years of age. Baby bottle caries is often referred to as early childhood caries. Early childhood caries is a significant public health problem and is found throughout the general population. It is extremely important to recognize the susceptibility of decay on any child’s tooth as soon as they erupt. There are many aspects of early childhood
children. The whole reason behind pediatric dentistry is so children learn to have good oral hygiene at a young age, and that they learn how to take care of their teeth. Infants start getting their baby teeth around 18 months of age. However, their first tooth starts showing around 6 months the teeth that will appear first are the central incisors. Between the ages of 6 and 12 a child will start loosing their deciduous teeth and growing their adult teeth. By the time a child is of the age is 13 they will
white spots present, this may also indicate a tooth decay or cavity formation has started. What are the causes of white spots on teeth? There are a number of factors why white spots occur and some of these factors are as follows: • Fluorosis. This is a condition which damages the enamel of the tooth primarily because of excessive intake of fluoride by little children before their teeth are even fully developed. • Process of a growing tooth. Once a tooth is growing, your body releases excessive calcium
The purpose of this research is to critically analyze the various components of forensic anthropology and odontology in order to obtain an accurate understanding of the overall reliability of these disciplines. Research obtained from various sources including, textbook, peer reviewed articles and the National Academy of Sciences Report are examined in an attempt to explain how the field of forensic odontology, more specifically the discipline of bite mark analysis is not considered to be a reliable
correctly and quickly. Dental erosion is also commonly referred to as tooth enamel erosion or decay. There are multiple characteristics of humans that can cause dental erosion or speed up the time that it takes for tooth enamel to wear away. Erosion of the enamel is a result of mainly biological factors, chemicals, and behavioral actions (Lussi & Jaeggi, 2008). Many clinicians and researchers have been concerned about the condition of tooth enamel erosion for many years, which led them to discover that
choice. Each of the layer on a tooth has different components. Teeth are “...made up of four different types of tissue: pulp, dentin, enamel, and cementum...” (CITATION). Each of the four tissues does its own thing and they all work together to form a tooth. The layer of “Dentin surrounds the pulp. A hard yellow substance, it makes up most of the tooth and is as hard as bone. It's the dentin that gives teeth their yellowish tint” (CITATION). The layers of the tooth consist of the pupil in the center
chemical dissolution of the tooth surface caused by metabolic events taking place in the biofilm (dental plaque) covering the affected area (Fejerskov, Kidd, Nyvad & Baelum, 2012). Carious lesion develops over time due to a complex interaction of bacteria acid and carbohydrate with saliva and teeth (Manton, Drummond & Kilpatrick, 2012). The host factors- teeth, microbes and diet are all interrelated in the oral cavity. The caries process is determined by the quality of tooth and saliva (important role
leaving no gap between the tooth structure and the restoration.2 According to a study by Stockton et al., “Imperfect bonding leaves a microscopic gap that allows the infiltration of bacteria, fluids, molecules and ions between the restoration and the tooth structure, commonly referred to as micro-leakage.”2 This gap is created by way of composite shrinkage during the process of polymerization, or “from mismatches between either the coefficients of thermal expansion of the tooth and the composite or between
HISTORY Before the development of the first actual toothpaste in 1780 which was made from burnt bread formula, people were already in the practice of oral hygiene such as drinking a goat’s milk, using ashes from wolf heads, burnt mouse heads, and wolf heels, and using wine and preserved urine as mouthwash. The earliest records date back to the infamous religious figure Buddha, who supposedly used a “tooth stick” from the God Sakka as part of his own hygiene procedure. “Tooth powder” or toothpaste
darkness on the scale on zero to ten, zero being white and ten being black. Chroma describes the saturation or vividness of a color. The appearance of teeth is affected in three ways by whitening. First, whitening reduces the amount of chroma in the tooth—the pigment or intensity of color is reduced. Second, whitening changes the hue, or color, or the teeth. Thirdly, whitening changed the value of the teeth. It is important to understand the natural color of teeth. Individual teeth vary in color in
I believe that lying to a child about fictional characters, such as: Santa, Easter Bunny, tooth fairy, etc., makes the child enjoy the holiday/event more than if there wasn’t something to believe in. The lies produced by the parents of these children can be confusing and hurtful to the children, but it may also bring out the magic in the holidays. So, how do we know what can happen when we tell these “Little White Lies” to the children we raise? Knowing the “Santa” story can maintain a child’s innocence
whether fresh or salt, have varying levels of fluoride (Awofeso, 2012). Around 1945 it was discovered that communities with higher rates of naturally occurring fluoride had lower rates of tooth decay (Dean, 1938) which resulted in the addition of artificial fluoride to public water supplies. The incidence of tooth decay fell drastically in fluoridated communities as a result, leading to widespread adoption of public water fluoridation as a public health strategy. However this intervention is highly
off any unwanted particles and light stains. Examples of abrasives include calcium carbonate, dehydrated silica gels, hydrated aluminum oxides, magnesium carbonate, phosphate salts and silicates. Fluoride to strengthen tooth enamel and remineralize enamel in the early stages of tooth decay. Humectants to prevent water loss in the toothpaste. Examples include glycerol, propylene, glycol and sorbitol. Flavoring agents, such as saccharin and other sweeteners improve taste Thickening agents or binders
Dental Higenetist 27. Stain at the tooth gingival margin is cause by? Chromogenic bacteria 1. What age is dental fluorosis likely to occur? It can occur at any age. overexposure of fluorid in common found in younger people 2. What is dental fluorosis also known as mottling? Teeth with permanent discoloration with white or brown streaks cause by overexposure to Fluoride. 3. What are the two types of Dental restorations ? Direct and indirect restorations 4. What is direct restorations?
used in many households’ commodities with or without the knowledge of the user. In the 1940’s fluoride was added to the water supply in order to lower tooth decay. Before the 1940’s not one common household item contained fluoride. In the past 60 years, the use of fluoride has drastically increased. Today fluoride is found in mouth wash, tooth paste, water and bottled tea to name a few. Studies have shown that fluoride in large doses are not only damaging to human health, but also to the environment
compound. Fluoride is effective in preventing and reversing the early signs of tooth decay. Researchers have shown that there are several ways through which fluoride achieves its decay-preventive effects. It makes the tooth structure stronger, so teeth are more resistant to acid attacks. Acid is formed when the bacteria in plaque break down sugars and carbohydrates from the diet. Repeated acid attacks break down the tooth, which causes cavities. Fluoride also acts to repair areas in which acid attacks
fluoride levels that are effective in preventing cavities. Fluoridated water creates low levels of fluoride in saliva that reduces tooth
of informed consent. On the other hand, in public health practice the principle of beneficence has more weight than the principle of autonomy. There were two objections because the fluoridation of water has some undesirable side effects such as development of Down syndrome and Cancer in the areas where fluoridated water is supplied. Apart from this, the second objection was allied to it being a compulsory medication. Opponents insist compulsory community water fluoridation violates the ethical principle
Inferring Dentition and Diet in Extinct Great Apes by Looking at Extant Great Apes INTRODUCTION Knowing the diet of extant primate taxon opens up the possibility of predicting a good deal about its morphology and natural history. Morphology and natural history of extant primates is also important in making accurate inferences regarding their dentition and diet. However, when it comes to extinct primate taxon making dentition and dietary inferences are challenging and the evidence available