History of Streptococcus Pyogenes Abstract: With the earliest recordings coming from the Fifth Century B.C., streptococcus pyogenes, and more frequently, its symptoms have been prevalent among doctors and historians for hundreds of years. The first mentioning of streptococcus pyogenes is to be credited to Hippocrates, in which he describes the relative symptoms of the flesh-eating bacteria in its early stages. Then depicted by Billroth in 1874, patients carrying erysipelas were determined to
Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A streptococcus (GAS), is a β-hemolytic, Gram-positive bacterium that most commonly causes respiratory disease, including pharyngitis or tonsillitis, as well as skin infections such as impetigo and cellulitis. The organism is transmitted via respiratory droplets or by contact with fomites, and commonly infects young children. In addition to the common clinical presentations associated with S. pyogenes, some individuals develop the postinfectious sequelae
Streptococcus pneumoniae Life History Streptococcus pneumoniae is found worldwide. The common host is the human body, in which it often does not cause disease but at other times it can cause diseses in particular, pneumonia. It also causes otitis media, bacteremia, meningitis, peritonitis, and sinusitis. The route by which this organism is spread is from human to human in the form of aerosol droplets. When inside the host the organism’s primary site of pneumococcal colonization is the nasopharynx
most common are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Pneumocystis jiroveci. However, significant proportion of all pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. In fact, the diseases caused by S. pneumoniae also include sinusitis, meningitis, otitis and some other problems, including septic arthritis, endocarditis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (WHO Pneumonia factsheet, 2013). The main aim of this paper is to familiarize the reader with Streptococcus pneumoniae and
Contraction and Spread of Streptococcus pyogenes Abstract: Streptococcus pyogenes is a very common bacteria found in humans. It is very transmissible and can be caught through the air via coughing or sneezing. This form of Strep. illness is referred to as Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as Strep. throat, which can complicate into Scarlet Fever. It is also possible to be infected through abrasions of the skin, which can result in cellulitis, impetigo, or even necrotizing fasciitis. Aside from
Acute Morphology of Streptococcus pyogenes Abstract: Streptococcus pyogenes is a gram positive coccus bacterium that is extremely common bacteria. This bacterium is part of group A streptococci, which meant that it has a certain type of polysaccharide antigen on its cell surface. It is commonly known as pharyngitis, or strep throat and produces over twenty exotoxins. Even though this bacterium has been around for thousands of years it still has a susceptibility to penicillin and there have only
What microorganism causes this disease? The microorganism most likely responsible for Sarah's condition is Streptococcus. Specifically Group A Streptococcus, S pyogenes, otherwise known as scarlet fever. “Streptococci are Gram-positive, nonmotile, nonsporeforming, catalase-negative cocci that occur in pairs or chains.” (Patterson, 1996) What is your diagnosis, and what features of the case were critical to your diagnosis? What she has is scarlet fever, characterized by the sandpaper-like rash from
considered under control with antibiotics, have invaded our hospitals and headlines with a vengeance. The vengeance used against us is caused by an existing organism called necrotizing fasciitis, the so-called flesh-eating bacteria, caused by Group A streptococcus. What this organism does is progressively destroy the human body tissue all the way to the bone. This organism has amazingly outsmarted us of even our most potent drugs. In our community right now, medical researchers are testing antibiotics that
Introduction: Bacteria play a large role in our health, the environment, and most aspects of life. They can be used in beneficial ways, such as decomposing wastes, enhancing fertilizer for crops, and breaking down of substances that our bodies cannot. However, many bacteria can also be very harmful by causing disease. Understanding how to identify bacteria has numerous applications and is incredibly important for anyone planning to enter the medical field or begin a career in research. Having the
Social models of health have become more relevant and continue to do so when compared to the old biomedical model for health over the last 150 years. World Health Organisation (WHO) (2014) depicts as the health problems in this age have shifted towards cardiovascular diseases, cancers, obesity from infectious diseases in the early 1900s such as pneumonia and tuberculosis models only focusing on the biological solutions have become less important than the social determinants of these diseases. A
. middle of paper ... ...whatsoever. Although healthy people can get invasive GAS disease, people with chronic illnesses like cancer, diabetes and kidney dialysis, and those who use medications such as steroids, are at higher risk. Group A streptococcus bacteria can be treated with common, inexpensive antibiotics. Penicillin is the drug of choice for both mild and severe disease. In addition to antibiotics, supportive care in an intensive care unit and sometimes surgery are necessary with these
Koch-week bacillus. This type of bacterium is gram-negative and rod shaped. Haemophilus means “blood loving”and therefore grow in chocolate agar which contains disrupted blood cells. Other bacterium which may cause Bacterial Conjunctivitis include Streptococcus and Staphlyococcus. The incidence of Bacterial Conjunctivitis caused by gram positive bacterium are more predominate. The different types of bacterium which cause Conjunctivitis are highly contagious and transmitted by face to face contact and
Introduction According to an online lab manual, Kirby-Bauer test is a highly standard test used in many labs for antibiotic susceptibility for many years. The use of this test is to determine the sensitivity or resistance of bacteria to antibiotics. It is a highly standardized procedure that makes use of Mueller-Hinton agar. For basic a bacterium is swabbed on the agar surface, and then antibiotic disc containing certain concentrations are placed on the center of a plate, pressed firmly so they don’t
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive and fast-growing bacteria which inhabit upper respiratory tract in humans. Moreover, it is an aerotolerant anaerobe and usually causes respiratory diseases including pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, peritonitis, paranasal sinusitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis (Todar, 2003). According to Tettelin et al., more than 3 million of children die from meningitis or pneumonia worldwide (2001). S.pneumoniae has an enzyme known as autolysin that is responsible
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacteria which on microscopic examination that appears in pairs, short chain, or as bunch grapes like clusters. (CDC. S. aureus) The symptoms of this bacteria is usually sometimes rapid or acute which is due to the induvial susceptibility amount of toxin, amount of contaminated food eaten, amount of toxin that is in the food digested, and also the general wellbeing of the human. On the other hand, Methicillin – resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA is
Staphylococcus aureus, usually known as the ‘golden staph,’ is a very common pathogenic bacterium that is most commonly found on skin. [1] It is a Gram and catalase positive organism. It’s usually habitant is on the skin and a majority of individual’s noses and respiratory tract. S. aureus is one of the most important pathogen in today’s society as it can cause mild to severe infections amongst humans. S. aureus can enter the human body by a cut or severe scratch into the skin. According to Better
necrotizing fasciitis. When first seen two hours prior, the discoloration was only present at the ankle. A larger picture with detail is available by clicking this thumbnail print. Necrotizing fasciitis is caused most commonly by Streptococcus pyogenes, group A streptococcus, which is the same bacteria that causes common strep throat 8.
Rheumatic fever is a disease that can occur following bacterial infection with Group A Streptococcus. Predisposing infections also include strep throat tonsillitis and skin infections, such as impetigo, caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Overall, rheumatic fever is rare in Australia; however, the rate of rheumatic fever amongst Indigenous Australians is much higher. Rheumatic fever is a serious condition that can lead to long-term complications, such as rheumatic heart disease. Causes & Pathophysiology
Streptococcus equi equi Introduction Streptococcus equi equi is small non-motile, translucent cocci found in chains or pairs bacterium. It is commonly known as strangles. Strangles is one of the most common worldwide and highly contagious infectious respiratory diseases affecting horses, mules, and donkeys. Aside from inside of carrier horses, Streptococcus equi equi have the ability to live in the environment for four weeks. The survival of Streptococcus equi equi depends on the humidity and
When a sudden, inexplicable illness affects a child’s health, getting an accurate diagnosis, proper treatment and support can make all the difference. This has proven to be especially true in the case of two complex, related syndromes known as Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS). Since 2012, pediatric rheumatologist Jennifer Frankovich, MD, and child psychiatrists Kiki Chang, MD