2.4. Rectangular patch antenna Microstrip antenna is also called as a patch antenna. Microstrip patch antenna contains of a two sides. One side is a radiating patch of a dielectric substrate and the other side is the ground plane side as shown in Fig 2.2. Generally, patch antenna consists of materials that have good conducting properties such as Gold and Copper and it can be made any possible shape. Figure 2.2: The simple design of rectangular patch antenna However, in order to simplify analysis
carry out my research work more efficiently in a group, require an exposure, and a nice microstrip antenna fabrication and characterization facility. I got excited looking at the research areas, faculty and lab at the Ohio state university, the research experience I have gained and the techniques and skills I have learned so far will be of immense help in carrying out work in Electromagnetic and Antennas in this university. It would be a great opportunity to be a part of this university as a PhD student
Wearable antennas are meant to be worn on human body so that it must be light weight, low profile, flexible, un-obstructive and rugged. To fulfill this requirements, textile materials are used to make wearable antennas. Electrical and dielectric properties of these textile materials are not readily available. Unlike, antennas embedded in portable devices, wearable antennas are designed to work in the complicated body-centric environment. Antenna performance near to human body is different than antenna
Radio frequency energy is the energy transmitted by sources that can generate electromagnetic fields like TV signals, radio signal, wireless networks and cell phone towers, by using specially designed circuits connected to a an antenna this electromagnetic energy can be harvested and converted into a usable DC voltage. One of the applications of this technology is in radio frequency identification tags in which harvesting device can receives an RF signal from a sensing device; this RF signal can
Analysis of an Aperture Coupled Microstrip Stacked Patch Antenna For WLAN Applications Abstarct- In this paper microstrip stacked patch antenna with 10mm air gap using aperture coupling technique at frequency of 5.8 GHz has been discussed. Microstrip antennas suffer from a biggest drawback of narrow bandwidth and this can be improved by a technique called aperture coupling and further by stacking of antennas without increase in surface area of antenna. Without stacking bandwidth comes out to be 310
demand of development of compact antenna to support multiple applications that can be easily integrated within the small space that is available inside the device. In the case of, portable antenna technology has grown along with mobile and cellular technologies. Proper antenna for a device is the most important factor. This will improve transmission and reception of signals, reduce power consumption, long lasting and improve marketability of the device. Antennas used for early portable wireless
If voltage is applied to terminals of an antenna A and the current is measured at another antenna B, then an equal current (bot amplitude and phase) will appear at terminals of antenna A if same voltage is applied to antenna B. Application of reciprocity theorem Equality of Directional Patterns Statement: 'The directional pattern of an antenna as a receiving antenna is identical to that when used as a transmitting antenna." Proof: The above mentioned antenna theorem is the outcome of the application
Beamforming Networks and Multibeam Antenna Arrays for Low-Cost Satellite and Mobile Systems,” Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 18-30, 2011. [7] S. Sugawara, Y. Maita, K. Adachi and K. mizuno, “Characteristics of a mm-wave tapered slot antenna with corrugated edges,” in Proceedings IEEE MTT-S Microwave Symposium Digest, 1998, pp. 533-536. [8] T. Djerafi and K. Wu, “Corrugated Substrate Integrated Waveguide Antipodal Linearly Tapered Slot Antenna Array Fed by Quasi-Triangular
they not stop a beer-barrel? Imperious Caesar, dead and turn'd to clay, Might stop a hole to keep the wind away" ( V. i. 206-209)? Hamlet saw examples of lives crumbling to dust. Twenty thousand men and twenty thousand ducats are spent on "A little patch of ground that hath in it no profit but the name. To pay five ducats, five, I would not farm it." ( IV. iiii. 19-21). These lives are expended for nothing and even Hamlet's father, a good and wise king, was murdered with only Hamlet mourning for an
was blinding my eyes as the strong rays of sunlight beamed down upon the fairway. There was a little gully about fifteen feet from me where there was tall grass that looked like pieces of green and brown string sticking out of the ground. A little patch of grass was missing by the gully to reveal a small sparkling creek that flowed rapidly. There was no wind to blow the strings, so they sat there motionless. I saw the bright green leaves of the trees that were almost completely surrounding me.
fit in. They are pressured to have what is popular, such as the newest toy to bring to show and tell. When I was seven years old, Cabbage Patch Dolls were the popular, new item on the market for kids my age. I had never liked to play with dolls and did not want to start now, but in order to have something in common with the other children, I added Cabbage Patch Dolls to my Christmas list. I was determined to have the most and the best dolls of all the kids, and with the help of Santa Claus I succeeded
sensation" (Russell 113). These are what Russell calls sense-data. Examples of sense data are things like "brown colour, oblong shape, smoothness, etc." all of which are associated with external objects (Russell 12). The immediate perception of a patch of blue is, therefore, intuitively certain according to Russell. Despite all this certain knowledge, Russell still admits that the possibility "that [the] outer world is nothing but a dream and that [I] alone exist…cannot be strictly proved to be false"
and/or early 20th centuries. The ellipsis in the titular quote refers to an important omission: “it [the blank space] had got filled since my boyhood with rivers and lakes and names. It had ceased to be a blank space of delightful mystery – a white patch for a boy to dream gloriously over.”1 Conrad’s Marlow highlights the major significance of the ‘blank space’ at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries here - that of ignorance, but a challenging ignorance; a temptation to the empirical enthusiasts
between Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea and the sailor in “Shipwrecked Sailor” is their knowledge of the sea. Santiago is expressed well as a fecund and resourceful old fisherman of the sea. This is prodigiously expressed when Santiago, ”Hooked a patch of yellow Gulf weed with the gaff as they passed and shook it so that the small shrimps that were in it fell onto the planking of the skiff” (Hemmingway p.98). This is the act of a very intellectual and experienced fisherman. Unlike Santiago, the sailor
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also spends his time playing with his five year old sister. This also occurs very early in the novel: "Early one morning as we were beginning our day's play in the back yard, Jem and I heard something next door in Miss Rachel Haverford's collard patch." (11). As the novel progresses, Jem no longer plays with his sister Scout, but he is doing so at this point and he would appear to anyone as one child playing with his sister. Lastly, Jem has childhood fears like most any child does. All children
Some people claim that everyone has his or her own ethics, in other words, ethics is individual. The amazing thing about ethical theory, however, is not that there are so many theories, but that there are really very few. Most of contemporary ethical theory is governed by two basic theories, with an additional five or six theories taking up the vast majority of the rest of the discussion. Over the course of the next few pages I will explain to you the basics of eight different ethical theories: utilitarianism
In the book, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, all the characters are pulled into a well of black despair. Conrad uses the darkness of the situation contrasted to the light of society to show man’s dependence on western morals, and how when these morals are challenged by the darkness, the light crumbles under its newly weakened foundation. The contrast between light and dark is most stark in the themes of setting, the changes in Europeans as they drive farther into the Congo, and the white man’s
warrantless search of an open field. Oliver v. United States is a case in which police officers, acting on reports from neighbors that a patch of marijuana was being cultivated on the Oliver farm, entered on to private property ignoring “No Trespassing” signs, and on to a secluded open portion of the Oliver property without a warrant, discovered the marijuana patch and then arrested Oliver without an arrest warrant. The Maine Judicial Court held that “No Trespassing” signs posted around the Oliver
two separate people. The appreciation of natures beauty has an effect on the mower, leading him away from cutting the flowers. The man that follows the mower feels a special kinship to him because he also likes the flowers. The beauty of a simple patch of flowers brings the narrator to realize that although he may work by himself, he is part of something bigger; the human race. Frost also demonstrates how men never exist alone when surrounded by nature. In ̶...