to Marcia J. Bates information behaviour “is the currently preferred term used to describe the many ways in which human beings interact with information, in particular, the ways in which people seek and utilize information. The broad history of research on information seeking behaviour over the last 50-60 years is reviewed, major landmarks are identified, and current directions in research are discussed” (Bates, 2010, 2381). Two of the most well known theorists of information behaviour are Thomas
An abundance of information security and risk management theories are prevalent; however, it can be difficult to identify valid and applicable theories. In the reading to follow, several information security and risk management theories are evaluated. These theories are presented and employed via various frameworks, models, and best practice guidelines. An assessment of sufficient research pertaining to these theories is addressed, along with a consideration of the challenges that arise from a
Nowadays, information can be classified as valuable than gold because of the effectiveness evidence rather than nonsense word. According to the authors, security is to combine systems, operations and internal controls to ensure the integrity and confidentially of data and operation procedures in an organizations. To ensure the information is under control, IT specialist was created. Many people can access internet without any specific requirement, so plagiarism and steal other information happened
been considered as an auspicious information network paradigm for augmenting the throughput of multiple unicast networks [5]. The pioneering researches of network coding were undertaken by R. Ahlswede, N. Cai, S.-Y.R. Li and R.W. Yeung. Their discovery, which was first introduced in [1][2], are considered to be the crucial breakthrough in modern information theory and the time of its appearance, is recognized as the beginning of a new theory-Network Coding theory. In these elegant, succinct articles
approaching Claude Shannon’s contribution to Cryptography, one must look at his prior work in particular in the field of information theory, a field he theorized in his 1948 paper A Mathematical Theory of Information. Shannon introduced a lot of the ideas that were mentioned and developed in this revolutionary paper to the scientific community in his 1945 paper entitled A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography. Indeed, during the Second World War, Shannon decided to join the Bell Labs, a research facility concentrating
California, Berkley, has the best and the most comprehensive graduate programs for MS and PhD in Electrical Engineering. Berkeley’s EECS Department stands distinctively apart from other universities. My research interest of working with coding theory, information theory, multiple access methods, and adaptive equalization, all match considerably with the research focuses of EECS Berkeley’s faculty. EECS Berkeley has the finest faculty and the most developed research facilities in the World of Electrical
identifies two important terms: information gain, and entropy. Entropy is derived from Information Theory and is described as the average of the information embedded in each message at the receiver. Informally, entropy is intuitively understood as impurity and the information content is directly proportional to entropy. This means that, higher the entropy, the information content is higher. The change in information entropy from one distinct state to another is termed as information gain. The aim of constructing
answers. It seems like most people seem to know how to code now. People and organizations code their data so that it is not easily accessible to any external party. There are different coding languages for different kinds of information. Another purpose of coding data or information is to make it compact. There are many large files in organizations. Organizations code them so that they can manage them in a smaller capacity. Even children learn it in school at a very young age. But even if you cannot
Information Processing Theory The Information Processing Theory can be described as how the memory processes or absorbs information. The theory correlates with learning because is known as our memory process; processing and storing data. This theory is broken down into three groups: working memory, short term memory and long term memory. Short term memory is known as sensory store. Information is usually stored for one to two seconds. When attend to, the information in sensory store moves to the
The Development of Strategic Information Systems Theory During the last 15 years, an area has developed within the Information Systems discipline which is generally referred to as 'strategic information systems'. It concerns itself with systems whose importance to the organisation extend beyond merely assisting it to perform its existing functions efficiently, or even just effectively. A strategic information system is instrumental in the organisation's achievement of its competitive or other
Introduction People need information for various purposes. To accomplish this, information is organized in way that it can be easily recalled and retrieving the information fulfills a user’s information need. An information need evolves from awareness something is missing. In order to create better systems to facilitate the user interaction, the reasons and methods users employ to seek out their information needs must be understood. This briefing enables the reader to understand the definition
The Mathematical Theory of Communication by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver For my research report, I read The Mathematical Theory of Communication by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver. This book is an in-depth description of their theory. While I will focus mostly on Weaver's translation and application of information, I will also touch on the theory's core ideas as explained by Shannon. The information theory is the extentsion of Nyquist's and Hartley's origingal ideas on the subject. However
Relevant Theory/Background Information (Heading, Level 2) Experiment 2 : Diodes are basic semiconductor devices that will only allow current to flow through them in one direction only, Forward bias. Diodes are made from two differently doped layers of semiconductor material that form a PN junction. When the diode is reverse biased, the positive holes are attracted towards the negative voltage and away from the junction. Likewise the negative electrons are attracted away from the junction towards
Information and digital literacy both play vital roles in our society and are necessary tools for citizens to have in this growing information age. Information literacy is “the ability to recognize the extent and nature of an information need, then to locate, evaluate, and effectively use the needed information.” Digital literacy is “the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the Internet.” The purpose of this essay is to show the contrasting
offers has made modern society unaware of the invasion of private information and data. The Internet, particularly social media, has complicated the notion of private territory in the digital world due to its “non-existent” physical space. Most digital users don’t acknowledge Google and any other search engine as a proprietary environment. As a private-owned company Google has ability to store and utilize users’ personal information for their personal interest. Due to the vast growth of the Internet
There is a difference between data, information and knowledge. Data is defined as raw facts. The information is organized in a data processing result data for the purpose but without any interpretation. Knowledge involves the use of cognitive process information to make it useful. Conclusions can be drawn from the data. Findings include understanding. One of the central issues that have emerged from the workshops was that information than knowledge. The information did not seem to be assessed at the
Problems & Strategies of Information Keeping & Management Keeping Every human keeps or stores information. Some keep their information organized, others not. People encounter huge amounts of information daily, too much to store it all. There are various costs that prevent us from storing all the information we receive. The more information we keep, the more management is required to keep all the information organised. Information needs to be organised so that people can obtain value from it. As
Competency for Information Professionals There are many types of competency that very important to be practiced by information professionals in order to manage information efficiently and effectively in any organizations. In this paper, we will discuss eleven of them that are crucial competency for information professionals in this information age. i. Effective Communication Effective communication is essential in any organizations especially in information service organizations such as
"if one were to take the traditional archival approach of waiting for whatever recorded information came out of the system, then the archivist in the electronic age will undoubtedly die of information starvation."23 Over the past decade archivists have tried to redefine their role in the modern information age, 24 but many seem to have been merely paying lip service to society's major shift to an "information" era. At present one can count on one hand the number of major programs established to deal
To begin with, the Internet plays a significant role in the world of communication. Communication is fundamental to individuals on numerous purposes, whether to express viewpoints or distribution of information subjective to intents of individual. In this modern era, the practices of traditional means of communication are extinctive and, are replaced by telecommunication or digital means such as Internet. Brey(2004) states that,” The Internet facilitates one-to-one, one-to-many and many- to-many