Heat Transfer Through Extended Surface 1. Objective To determine the temperature distribution and heat flow along the extended surface and comparing the data with theoretical analysis 2. Equipment Required Heat transfer service unit Extended surface heat transfer accessory Data logging accessory 3. Theory The term extended surface is commonly used to depict an important special case involving heat transfer by conduction within a solid and heat transfer by convection (and/or radiation) from the
Heat Transfer Heat Transfer describes the process of heat energy being transported when a system moves from one equilibrium state to another. Heat Transfer is divided into three modes: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Conduction Heat Transfer Conduction is a mode of heat transfer where heat energy is transported from more energetic particles to less energetic particles. The basic equation that describes heat transfer through conduction is Fourier’s law, as shown below. Convection Heat Transfer
Heat Exchangers 5.1 Introduction Heat exchangers are devices used to transfer heat between two or more fluid streams at different temperatures. Heat exchangers find widespread use in power generation, chemical processing, electronics cooling, air-conditioning, refrigeration, and automotive applications. In this chapter we will examine the basic theory of heat exchangers and consider many applications. In addition, we will examine various aspects of heat exchanger design and analysis. 5.2 Heat Exchanger
1.1 GENERAL As in any application there is fluctuation in heat load, this fluctuation affects optimal values of efficiency which causes decrement in system's overall efficiency. 1.2 HISTORY AND BACKGROUND Heat exchangers are equipments that ease the exchange heat between two fluids which are at different temperatures while keeping them apart from mixing with each other. Heat exchangers in their purest sense have been around for as long as man has been cooking in pots and ovens. To understand this
The thermal performance of a heat exchanger depends upon various parameters like inlet temperature of a hot fluid, type of hot fluid, type of cold fluid, shape of baffles, material of baffles, baffles angle and property of ribs. Basically fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are largely depends upon the Reynolds number (Re). Reynolds number is basically the ratio of inertia force to viscous force. Re is only the factor by which we can decide whether the fluid is laminar or turbulent in shell
ABSTRACT A Heat Exchanger is a device use for the heat transfer from one fluid to another, whether the fluids are separated by a solid wall so that they never mix or the fluids are directly in contact. The heat exchanger is widely used in different industries such as process, petroleum refining, chemicals and paper, power generation, chemical processing, A.C, refrigeration, and a food processing applications. Etc. Various Enhancement methods are used to increase performance of heat exchanger such
experiment show the thermal conductivity for material and its comparison with provided values. In this project we show how heat transfer from on body to another body. We do this project according to Fourier’s Law of heat conduction. In this experiment we use 3 apparatus to complete this procedure in Lab HT 10X heat transfer service unit HT 10XC Heat Transfer Service Unit HT11 Linear Heat Conduction Accessory When we have all material related to this task we are ready to do experiment first of all we
sphere surface and saturated nitrogen to the heat flux from the sphere. The curves were then compared to Rohsenow’s material dependent equation for nucleate boiling and other models to predict the minimum and maximum heat fluxes, independent of surface material. The relationship between heat flux and temperature change is different than the relationship found by Rohsenow, and is size and material dependent. We also found that maximum and minimum heat flux depends on material and radius. There is
Introduction: 2.1. Heat transfer: Heat transfer is the science that pursues to foresee the energy transfer that may take place among material bodies as an outcome of a temperature difference. Thermodynamics explains that this energy transfer is described as heat. The science of heat transfer pursues not only to explain how heat energy may be transfer, but also to foresee the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain quantified conditions. The fact that a heat-transfer rate is the desired
Works Cited Although heat and temperature are correlated terms in daily speech, there is a crucial difference in their definitions in the study of physics. In specific, heat is a form of thermal energy that can be transformed from one object to another; whereas temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter (“Methods of Heat Transfer”, n.d.). Heat transfer indicates the movement of heat energy from one place to another caused by the difference in
considering the heat input to the fuel cell and the work output from the fuel cell. In the exergy analysis the fuel cell and the surrounding environment are considered together. The efficiency is defined based on the maximum or available energy which is calculated by considering the entropy lost to the environment. Thus the exergy analysis takes into account the second law of thermodynamics in addition to the first law. In this chapter a theoretical analysis
metallurgical process of continuous steel slab casting in terms of fluid flow, heat and mass transfers in the manufacture production. Finally, this paper reviews the physical and mathematical modelling in physical experiment and mathematical models, which has been used to study in the process. Keywords: Continuous Casting, Steel, Slab, Physical Modelling, Tundish, Mathematical Modelling, Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer, Instruction, Report 1. Introduction Continuous casting is a casting process
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION In thermodynamics Refrigeration is the major application area, in which the heat is transferred from a lower temperature region to a higher temperature region. The devices which produce refrigeration are known as Refrigerators and the cycle on which it operates are called refrigeration cycles. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle is the most regularly used refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant is alternately vaporized and condensed and in the vapor
Heat indulgence techniques are the prime concern to remove the waste heat produced by Electronic Devices, to keep them within permitted operating temperature limits. Heat indulgence techniques include heat sinks, fans for air cooling, and other forms of cooling such as liquid cooling. Heat produced by electronic devices and circuitry must be self-indulgent to improve reliability and prevent premature failure. Integrated circuits such as CPUs, chipset, graphic cards, and hard disk drives are susceptible
in-depth descriptions of what makes a window more efficient. So here is a little primer on industry jargon to help you understand ratings and why they matter. Understanding U-Factor and Why it Matters All windows gain and lose heat. Controlling how much solar and “non-solar heat” a window loses or gains through glass and/or glazing has a big influence on heating and cooling costs for homeowners. U-factor doesn’t just consider the panes and glazing though. Other considerations like frame material, overall
or type of heat transport in which the fluid motion is not generated by any external source (like a pump, fan, suction device, etc.) but only by density differences in the fluid occurring due to temperature gradients. In natural convection, fluid surrounding a heat source receives heat, becomes less dense and rises. The surrounding, cooler fluid then moves to replace it. This cooler fluid is then heated and the process continues, forming convection current; this process transfers heat energy from
CHAPTER: 1 INTRODUCTION General What is Refrigeration? Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from a closed body or space enclosed so that its temperature is first lowered and then maintained at a required level which is below the temperature of surroundings. What is Refrigerant? “It is heat carrying medium which absorb heat from space and reject heat to outside the refrigerator.” A simple vapor compression refrigeration system consists of the following equipments:
The design is simple and advantages of being silent compare to with Mechanical Dehumidifier. It is less Coefficient of Performance and this is used for small dehumidifier. Ice making is difficulty with refrigeration dehumidifiers. Fig 2.2.4 Thermoelectric dehumidifier 2.2.5 Desiccant Dehumidification A process uses a Moisture absorb material is also called
Three types of heat transfers help solar cookers use the sun’s energy to cook food. Heat is always transferred from the warmer object to the cooler object. Heat is also transferred to and through some materials better than others. The three types of heat transfers are radiation, conduction, and convection. Convection is the heat transfer by movement through materials such as air or a liquid. Materials like these are called mediums. Convection is the primary way heat can be transferred through liquids
over the basic principles of refrigeration, how the refrigeration cycle works, and types of heat transfer. First, I will discuss exactly what happens on the low pressure, low temperature side of the refrigeration system. The refrigerant runs through the expansion valve which regulates the flow of the refrigerant between the high and low side. The low pressure, cool liquid then goes to the evaporator where heat from the inside air is absorbed and changes the liquid to a gas. The hot, low pressure gas