world. However, corruption is prevalent in the Niger delta region of Nigeria; public officers in this oil producing state of Nigeria are corrupt. Consequently, it has defied the Niger delta from developing politically and economically which has left the states reputation in a mess. Radicalization of youths, abject poverty and -political instability are the three leading effects of corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria. Corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria has led to abject poverty
Amnesty International International Non Governmental Organization Amnesty International is a non-governmental organization focused on human rights with millions of members and supporters around the world. The objective of the organization is "to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave abuses of human rights, and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated. Amnesty International was founded in London in 1961, following the publication of the article "The Forgotten
in the Niger Delta in the 1950s and it will be for as long as oil extraction continues. Since the 1950s because of the increasing demand for crude oil and the existence of large oil reserves, the Niger Delta has experienced what can be called an environmental disaster from oil pollution, which resulted in major consequences for the environment and for the indigenous people who depended on the region for their livelihood. A study on Ogoniland, located in the Rivers State of the Niger Delta, revealed
Oil Conflict in Nigeria Introduction This paper will discuss the Oil conflict that is occurring in Nigeria. Discussed will be the types of power that the two feuding parties are using and whether their strategies have been effective as well as the influence they have had on the conflict. The contrasting cultural differences and similarities will be discussed as well. The conflict in Nigeria has turned deadly and a successful communication environment must be developed in order to restore peace
lays emphasis on the idea that personal or group’s ability has a role to play in exercising influence and control over others in producing social order. Therefore, conflict theorists are of the belief that there is a continual struggle between all different elements of a particular society. Wallace and Wolf (2006) revealed that conflict theory developed as a major alternative to the functionalist approach to analyzing a society’s general structure. Similarly, Ritzer (2003) also noted that apart from
import and export company, began in the oil business in 1907 when it merged with Royal Dutch Petroleum. In the 1930’s Shell started exploring for oil in Africa. It was not until 1956 that they found oil, one of the largest reserves in the world, in the delta region of Nigeria. While Nigeria was still under British rule, in 1958, Shell started oil production, setting up drilling facilities, pipelines and refineries. Nigeria gained freedom from British rule in 1960 and have struggled for identity. Like most
regime change in Nigeria will be observed in this paper. The resource curse has greatly weakened Nigeria as it has led to the numerous regime changes, the hindering of the nation’s democratization, corruption in the government, as well as, civil conflict. According to Samuels in Case Studies in Comparative Politics, Nigeria began as a group of states and empires, which were conquered by the British Empire who ruled Nigeria through indirect rule with varying degrees of rule in North and South Nigeria
countries in Africa. In the middle of 2001 its crude oil production was averaging around 2.2 million barrels per day. Though, there is a very prominent market for offshore rigs, nearly all of Nigeria’s primary reserves are in and around the delta of the Niger river. Ever since Nigeria became independent, it is one of the few oil producing countries that can increase its oil output drastically. The g... ... middle of paper ... ...rd but in the sense of Nigeria the corruption is amongst the elites
Beginning in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, modern imperialism included not just the colonization of an area of land but also the domination of the society, economy, and military. European countries, especially Britain, France, and Germany, as well as Japan, the United States, and Russia, all eagerly snatched up pieces of land. Africa was one area of imperialist interest. After the Berlin West Africa Conference from 1884-1885, the claiming of land intensified in the scramble
problem-solving.” (p.66) The counter measures where formed within the context of these frames. Additionally, the 9/11 attack was also in discordant with the “invincibility” notions American have of the country and this also affected the strategic plans for terrorism. The frame of reference hypothesis is very true of the Nigerian situation. The country is a multiethnic and heterogeneous entity. It is made of people from diverse ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious background (Alozieuwa, 2012)
Shell Nigeria was founded in 1938 and obtained a licence to search for oil throughout Nigeria. In 1956 Shell found commercial oil and then the first export of this oil occurred in 1958. The Niger Delta area is a poor area where the majorities of Shell’s operations were, and still are being carried out. Niger Delta is rich in natural resources with 85% of Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product coming from the area. Before 1995 when Shell’s CSR strategy hadn’t became scrutinized, Shell’s strategy focused on
Conference, it is necessary to consider that the European powers were concerned with taking forward the colonial enterprise without entering any armed conflict among them. This process will be analyzed in the light of the concept of "armed peace". On the other hand, the main provisions of the Conference, which regard the free commerce in the basins of the Niger and the Congo, define the "effective occupation" as the criteria for the colonization of new areas and confirm the prohibition of slave trade, are
Post-colonial politics in Nigeria are born out of civil strife, and military dictatorships. A major impetus for political schism in Nigeria was the Biafran war. Following a military coup led by an Igbo man named Chukwuma Nzeogwu in 1966, there was an anti-Igbo riot in which 30,000 Igbos were killed and up to a million Igbos fled as refugees. As a reaction to the prejudice and violence that the Hausas and the Yoruba inflicted upon the Igbos, the Igbos seceded under the leadership of General Ujokwu
occupation” (World History: Patterns of Interaction, 2009, p.10). When Africa was being colonized, African colonies had been separated or combined which is bad for certain groups may have rivalries with other group. Consequently causing conflict of the people and possible conflict for the U.S. There are still many benefits of colonizing South America, such as decreasing the amount of local warfare and fighting. In “World History: Patterns of Interaction” it is described that, through this colonization, local
Public relations is acknowledged to be very vital to the survival of organizations, institutions and individuals, through its multifaceted functions, as identified above, includes the following: Counseling: Public relations provides advice to management concerning policies, relationships, and communication with its various publics. Research: Through research, public relations determines attitudes and behaviors of publics through research in order to plan public relations strategies. Such research
It’s spoken by over 18 million people in Nigeria. This language was said to originate from the Niger Congo language family in around 9th century close to niger benue river and it spread over to a large south eastern Nigeria. Igbo language is spoken in a large part of eastern Nigeria which include, Anambra, Ebonyi, Imo, Enugu, North east of delta, and river state. Within this mention states, they also use language a way of communicating in verbal forms. However, the speakers
Humans have greatly impacted the global environment. Throughout the course of history, human populations have rapidly increased. Especially in Africa, these numbers have reached extraordinary proportions. Out of all the continents in the world, Africa’s population is increasing the most. The type of growth here is exponential. “Overpopulation is a condition when an organisms numbers exceeds the carrying of its ecological niche.” The growth rate of a population is equal to the birth rate minus the
Social conflict is as old as human history (Ho-Won Jeong, 2008), it’s dynamics, process and solution has been a subject of inquiry among early thinkers—Machiavelli, Hobbes, Hume, Rousseau etc. Concived by Coser (1968) as “struggle over values or claims to status, power, and scarce resources, in which the aim of the conflicting parties are not only to gain the desired values, but also to neutralize, injure, or eliminate their rivals” (cited in Onyia 2005, p. 17). Efforts at understanding causes and
THE BRITISH EMPIRE The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for a time was the foremost global power. It was a product of the European age of discovery, which began with the maritime explorations of the 15th century, that sparked the era of the European colonial empires. By 1921, the British Empire held sway over a population of about 458 million people, approximately one-quarter of the world's population. It covered about 36.6 million km² (14.2 million square miles), about a quarter
diversity. Conflict between the different ethnic groups was not uncommon and the complications it caused in the past, has lead to social unrest that still exists today. The official language of Nigeria is English, which is taught early in primary schools throughout most developed regions. English as a common language was taught to help a... ... middle of paper ... ...h aims to reduce violent conflict in Nigeria. The program provides support to Nigerian stakeholders to better manage conflict resulting