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Corruption impact on the development of nigeria essay
An Comprehensive Essay On The Effect Of Corruption In Nigeria
Corruption impact on the development of nigeria essay
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Oil Conflict in Nigeria
Introduction
This paper will discuss the Oil conflict that is occurring in Nigeria. Discussed will be the types of power that the two feuding parties are using and whether their strategies have been effective as well as the influence they have had on the conflict. The contrasting cultural differences and similarities will be discussed as well. The conflict in Nigeria has turned deadly and a successful communication environment must be developed in order to restore peace to the region.
The oil conflict in Nigeria consists primarily of two parties the oil companies and the local interests. The conflict has turned deadly as individuals have protested through violence their frustration for what they believe to be an injustice. The locals believe that the oil companies owe them rent for land use. The oil companies have been avoiding land use fees by using government resources to their advantage.
The oil companies are using a structured power approach while addressing the land use issues with the locals. The oil companies use formal authority, legal prerogative, and association to strengthen their side of the conflict. The Nigerian government has a history of being influenced by foreign money and influence, which gives big business a huge advantage over monetary decisions. The Nigerian government has gone as far as creating laws and legislation to benefit the oil companies because of the significant economic contributions the companies bring to the country. Omeje (2005) states “Oil is the mainstay of Nigeria’s economy and the state is largely dependent on oil rents, taxes and royalties paid by transnational oil companies (TNOCs) and on profits from its equity stakes in the TNOCs’ investments.”
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Bloodshed has erupted in countries such as Yemen and Iraq over the distribution and domination of petroleum. Yemen recently acquired airstrikes from Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is currently vexing Yemen into imparting complete authority to their country. Similarly, Iraq is receiving national strife due to the petroleum market. Inhabitants are arduously rejecting ISIS’ appeal to regulating the petroleum circulation in the state. Due to this appeal citizens and ISIS are heavily disputing over this instrumental control of the substance. The United States recently bickered about the Keystone Pipeline; this pipeline bridges Western Canada gravitating down to Southern Texas. This pipeline would grant the United States to become self-sufficient in petroleum manufacturing. Yet, environmentalists’ jilted the bill do to the numerous environmental and social dilemmas would persist from the eradication of the southern section of the United States. Basically, as petroleum dwindles, hostility and warfare will ultimately ensue across the
Oil-Led Development: Social, Political, and Economic Consequences. CDDRL Working Paper 80. Robinson, J. A., Torvik, R. & Verdier, T. (2006). Political Foundations of the Resource Curse. Journal of Development Economics, 79, 447-468.
The Nigerian Civil War lasted from July 6, 1967 until January 15, 1970. The belligerents were the Federal Republic of Nigeria, led by the military governor Yakubu Gowon, and the Republic of Biafra, led by the military governor C. Odumegwu Ojukwu. After an abortive counter-coup d'etat in favor of Northern independence, General Ojukwu declared the independence of southeastern Nigeria. Each of these regions were dominated by one particular tribe, and the Hausa of the north long felt oppressed by the southerners underneath colonial rule, while during the short-lived military government from 1966 to 1967 the Igbo had been the victims of several pogroms within the army itself.1 2 To further complicate the tribal tensions already fueling the conflict, British Petroleum, and several other oil companies, had vested interests in vast fossil fuel reserves in the secessionist state, which they feared would be unfriendly to their business.3 The ultimate result was a 3 year civil war, during which 150, 000 troops and as many as 3 million civilians died.
Oghre, Ben. “Nigeria’s Population Is A Silent Killer .” Nigerians of America. N.p., 30 Sept. 2007. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. .
Inequality in Nigeria is a thoroughly contentious problem. The difference between the ‘haves’ and the ‘have-nots’ can be seen all too clearly, with the luxurious lifestyles of a few people among the poor. Inequality is closely related to the issue of poverty but the two issues should be looked at separately because ultimately the issue of inequality is not limited by poverty, inequality still exists in countries with low levels of
From as early the 15th century, Europeans had begun exploring Africa, with Prince Henry the Navigator being the first European to successfully explore Africa (albeit in search of West Indies trade route). Through the centuries, more and more of Africa was explored, with the biggest wave occurring with African slave trade. The eventual downfall of slave trade led to the rise of their colonialism, as European countries, specifically Great Britain, annexed many West African states, including what would become the country of Nigeria. Today, though Nigeria has its own unique identity as a nation, its roots lie in the impact that Great Britain had on it. British colonization of Nigeria massively influenced the course of its cultural development, as seen through Nigeria’s spoken language, system of government, religions, and education system.
oil in Nigeria. Nigeria’s large supply of high quality crude oil helped Shell climb to the top,
The pocketing of profits by corrupt government officials shows characteristics of patrimonialism, which not only hinders the economy because these profits are the sole source of revenue for the nation, but also harms the democratic stability of the nation and can to some extent cause the regime changes of the nation. The civic conflicts of the nation are not handled by the government and not only do these conflicts drain revenue from the government, but shows the lack of mobilization in the government, possibly due to a lack of taxation, due to the resource curse. These claims show that the resource curse has affected the government and economy of Nigeria greatly as it leads to an ineffective and corrupt government with a hindered chance of democratization, with civic conflict that cannot be controlled by the civic government.
Life consists of abrupt changes, it may benefit or harm people, particularly Nigeria’s government in which a government is the core of its people. However, when a government is corrupt, two primary courses are presented: to submit or rebel. The corruption within
Okeke, Phil E. "Reconfiguring Tradition: Women's Rights and Social Status in Contemporary Nigeria." Africa Today 47.1 (2000): 49-63.
The largest petroleum-producing nation in Africa is Nigeria. The petroleum company is the main contributing factor of the GDP in the West African nation, which is also the continents, most noticeable and populous reserves. Since Nigeria was under British control it has suffered socio-economic and political adversities for decades. Corrupt domestic militias and complicity of multinational corporations have rid the nation of its natural resources. The same corporations that are ridding the land and exploring the resources have hypocritically identified Nigeria as a major concern with regard to human rights and environmental degradation. The petroleum business in Nigeria dynamically impacts its economy so much that “oil and gas exports accounted for more than 98% of export earnings and about 83% of federal government revenue, as well as generating more than 40% of its GDP.” Just to be reminiscent on this fact, the petroleum business accounts for almost the entire exporting business of a country so it raises the question of, where is the income going and how is it bring redistributed?
Discussions of Nigeria gender equality in recent times have focused on steps taken towards putting women in their proper prospects. In the past, each gender had clearly defined roles and the issue of gender conflict never arose. The extent of gender inequality had been hidden for so long that its seriousness in the present time of Nigeria is now attracting international attention. The 2012 Gender in Nigeria Report recently shows that gender inequality not only exists in the country, but at highly worrying levels. There is a lack of gender balance in the economy, education, politics, health, access to justice and almost all areas of human development.
Corruption can be defined as the use of entrusted power to accumulate public wealthy for personal benefit. Corruption is not peculiar to any country, continent or state; it is sure a global issue which is an endemic to all government all over the world. However, corruption is prevalent in the Niger delta region of Nigeria; public officers in this oil producing state of Nigeria are corrupt. Consequently, it has defied the Niger delta from developing politically and economically which has left the states reputation in a mess. Radicalization of youths, abject poverty and -political instability are the three leading effects of corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria.